Primary 6 Mathematics

Circles

My Pals Are Here, Book A, Chapter 5: Circles

Shaping Maths, Book A, Unit 5: Circles

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 Chapter Learning Outcomes
• Radius, diameter and circumference
• Area of a circle
• Composite figures

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 Radius, Diameter and Circumference
A circle can be drawn with a pair of compasses.

Y O is the centre of the circle.

O OX is a radius of the circle.

Z X
OY and OZ are radii of the circle.

The plural of radius is radii.

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 Radius, Diameter and Circumference
A circle can be drawn with a pair of compasses.

Y The lines ZOX and YOW

pass through the centre O.
O
Z X ZOX is a diameter of the circle.

YOW is another diameter of the circle.

W
Diameters of a circle pass
through its centre.

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 Radius, Diameter and Circumference
A circle can be drawn with a pair of compasses.

Y UV is not a diameter of the circle as

U
it does not pass through the centre
O of the circle.
Z X

Diameter = 2 × Radius
W
V

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 Let’s Try!
Q
a) (i) In the figure, O is the centre of
the circle. Name the diameters.
PQ and RS T
O S
(ii) Which line is not a diameter? R
Explain. TU. The line TU does not pass U
through the centre of the circle.
b) The radius of a circle is 8 cm. P
What is the length of its diameter? 16 cm

c) The diameter of a circle is 10 cm.

What is the length of its radius? 5 cm

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 Radius, Diameter and Circumference
A plate has the shape of a circle.
The length around the plate is called its circumference.

The circumference of a
circle is its perimeter.

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 Radius, Diameter and Circumference
Mandy used a piece of string to go round a circle of
diameter 4 cm. Then, she measured the length of the string
to find the circumference of the circle. 12.6 cm
# Circumference

4 cm
She found that the circumference of the circle
is slightly more than three times its diameter.

Diameter

Circumference
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 Radius, Diameter and Circumference

The circumference of any circle divided by its

diameter always has the same value, π.

3.14 and are approximations for the value of π.

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 Radius, Diameter and Circumference
The diameter of a circular pancake is 14 cm.
Find its circumference. (Take π = 3.14.) 14 cm

Circumference of pancake = πd
= 3.14 × 14
= 43.96 cm

The circumference of the circular pancake is 43.96 cm.

Circumference = π × Diameter
= πd

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 Let’s Try!
The diameter of a frisbee is 21 cm.
Find its circumference. (Take π = .)
Circumference of frisbee = πd
= × 21 3

1
= 66 cm

The circumference of the frisbee is 66 cm.

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 Radius, Diameter and Circumference
The radius of a circular cake is 14 cm.
Find its circumference. (Take π = .)
14 cm
Circumference of cake = 2πr
= 2 × × 14 2

1
= 2 × 22 × 2
= 88 cm

The circumference of the circular cake is 88 cm.

Circumference = 2 × π × Radius
= 2πr
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 Let’s Try!
The radius of a round table is 60 cm.
Find its circumference. (Take π = 3.14.)
Circumference of table = 2πr
= 2 × 3.14 × 60
= 376.8 cm

The circumference of the round table is 376.8 cm.

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 Radius, Diameter and Circumference
The distance a wheel travels after making a complete turn
is equal to its circumference. The wheel has a diameter of
56 cm. Find the distance travelled by the wheel if it makes
5 complete turns. (Take π = .)

1 complete turn

Start Finish
Circumference

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 Radius, Diameter and Circumference
The distance a wheel travels after making a complete turn
is equal to its circumference. The wheel has a diameter of
56 cm. Find the distance travelled by the wheel if it makes
5 complete turns. (Take π = .)

Distance travelled by wheel = 5 × Circumference of

wheel
= 5 × πd
=5× × 56
= 880 cm

The distance travelled by the wheel is 880 cm.

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 Let’s Try!
A circular hoop has a diameter of 40 cm. Find the distance
travelled by the hoop if it makes 15 complete turns.
(Take π = 3.14.)
Distance travelled by hoop = 15 × Circumference of hoop
= 15 × πd
= 15 × 3.14 × 40
= 1884 cm

The distance travelled by the hoop is 1884 cm.

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 Let’s Try!
A circular disc has a diameter of 25 cm.
How many complete turns must it make to cover
a distance of 785 cm? (Take π = 3.14.)
Circumference of disc = πd
= 3.14 × 25
= 78.5 cm

Number of complete turns = 785 ÷ 78.5

= 10

The disc must make 10 complete turns to cover 785 cm.

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 Radius, Diameter and Circumference
A semicircle has a diameter of 10 cm.
Find the perimeter of the semicircle. (Take π = 3.14.)
arc

diameter
An arc
arc is part of a circle.

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 Radius, Diameter and Circumference
A semicircle has a diameter of 10 cm.
Find the perimeter of the semicircle. (Take π = 3.14.)

Perimeter of semicircle
= Length of arc + Diameter
10 cm
= + 10

= + 10

= 25.7 cm
The perimeter of the semicircle is 25.7 cm.
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 Let’s Try!
Michelle cut out a semicircle from a piece of paper.
The radius of the semicircle is 21 cm.
Find the perimeter of the semicircle. (Take π = .)
Perimeter of semicircle = Length of arc + Diameter

= + (2 × 21)

= + 42
= 108 cm

The perimeter of the semicircle is 108 cm.

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 Radius, Diameter and Circumference
Farhan cut a circle of radius 7 cm into four equal parts.
Find the perimeter of the quarter circle. (Take π = .)

7 cm

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 Radius, Diameter and Circumference
Farhan cut a circle of radius 7 cm into four equal parts.
Find the perimeter of the quarter circle. (Take π = .)

Perimeter of quarter circle

= Length of arc + 2 Radii

= + (2 × 7) 7 cm

arc
radius
= + 14
= 25 cm radius

The perimeter of the quarter circle is 25 cm.

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 Let’s Try!
A length of wire is bent into a quarter circle of radius 30 cm.
What is the length of the wire? (Take π = 3.14.)
Perimeter of wire = Length of arc + Diameter

= + (2 × 30)

= + 60
= 107.1 cm

The length of the wire is 107.1 cm.

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 Area of a Circle
The radius of a circular mat is 45 cm.
Find its area. (Take π = 3.14.) 45 cm

Area of mat = π × r × r
= 3.14 × 45 × 45
= 6358.5 cm2

The area of the mat is 6358.5 cm2.

Area of circle = π × Radius × Radius

=π×r×r

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 Let’s Try!
Find the area of a circle of radius 7 cm. (Take π = .)
Area of circle = π × r × r
1
= ×7×7
1
= 154 cm2

The area of the circle is 154 cm2.

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 Area of a Circle
The diameter of a circular table is 140 cm.
Find its area. (Take π = .) 140 cm

Radius = 140 ÷ 2
= 70 cm

Area of table = π × r × r
= × 70 × 70
= 15 400 cm2

The area of the table is 15 400 cm2.

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 Let’s Try!
Find the area of a circle of diameter 32 cm.
(Take π = 3.14.)
Radius = 32 ÷ 2
= 16 cm

Area of circle = π × r × r
= 3.14 × 16 × 16
= 803.84 cm2

The area of the circle is 803.84 cm2.

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 Area of a Circle
A semicircle has a radius of 20 cm.
Find its area. (Take π = 3.14.)
20 cm
Area of semicircle
= × Area of circle
20 cm
= ×π×r×r

= × 3.14 × 20 × 20

= 628 cm2

The area of the semicircle is 628 cm2.

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 Let’s Try!
Find the area of a semicircle of radius 28 cm.
(Take π = .)

Area of semicircle = × Area of circle

= ×π×r×r

= × × 28 × 28
= 1232 cm2

The area of the semicircle is 1232 cm2.

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 Area of a Circle
Lois drew a semicircle of diameter 18 cm. Find its area.
Leave your answer in terms of π.

Radius = 18 ÷ 2
18 cm
= 9 cm

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 Area of a Circle
Lois drew a semicircle of diameter 18 cm. Find its area.
Leave your answer in terms of π.

Area of semicircle = × Area of circle

18 cm

= ×π×r×r

= ×π×9×9

= 40.5π cm2

The area of the semicircle is 40.5π cm2.

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 Let’s Try!
Find the area of a semicircle of diameter 24 cm.
Leave your answer in terms of π.
Radius = 24 ÷ 2
= 12 cm

Area of circle = × Area of circle

= ×π×r×r
6
= × π × 12 × 12
1

= 72π cm2
The area of the semicircle is 72π cm2.
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 Area of a Circle
A quarter circle is cut out from a circular poster of
radius 56 cm. Find its area. (Take π = .)

Area of quarter circle

= × Area of circle 56 cm

= ×π×r×r

= × × 56 × 56
= 2464 cm2

The area of the quarter circle is 2464 cm2.

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 Let’s Try!
A quarter circle is cut out from a square of side 5 cm.
Find its area correct to 1 decimal place. (Take π = 3.14.)

Area of quarter circle = × Area of circle

= ×π×r×r
5 cm
= × 3.14 × 5 × 5
≈ 19.6 cm2

The area of the quarter circle is 19.6 cm2.

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 Composite Figures
The figure shows a floor mat that is made up of
two semicircles and a square of side 35 cm.
Find its perimeter and area. (Take π = .)

Perimeter of floor mat 35 cm

1 5
= + (2 × 35)
1 1

= 110 + 70 Use estimation to check if

your answer is reasonable.
= 180 cm

The perimeter of the floor mat is 180 cm.

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 Composite Figures
The figure shows a floor mat that is made up of
two semicircles and a square of side 35 cm.
Find its perimeter and area. (Take π = .)

Area of floor mat 35 cm

= Area of two semicircles + Area of square

Radius of each semicircle = 35 ÷ 2

= 17.5 cm

Area of two semicircles =2× × × 17.5 ×

17.5

= 962.5 cm 2 Ltd
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 Composite Figures
The figure shows a floor mat that is made up of
two semicircles and a square of side 35 cm.
Find its perimeter and area. (Take π = .)

Area of square = 35 × 35 35 cm
= 1225 cm2

Area of floor mat = 962.5 + 1225

= 2187.5 cm2

The area of the floor mat is 2187.5 cm2.

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 Let’s Try!
The figure is made up of a quarter circle and two semicircles.
The radius of the quarter circle is 26 cm. Find the perimeter
and area of the figure. (Take π = 3.14.)

Perimeter of figure
26 cm

= 81.64 + 40.82
= 122.46 cm

The perimeter of the figure is 122.46 cm.

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 Let’s Try!
The figure is made up of a quarter circle and two semicircles.
The radius of the quarter circle is 26 cm. Find the perimeter
and area of the figure. (Take π = 3.14.)

Area of figure
26 cm
= Area of two semicircles + Area of quarter circle

Radius of each semicircle = 26 ÷ 2

= 13 cm

Area of two semicircles = Area of 1 circle

= 3.14 × 13 × 13
= 530.66 cm2

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 Let’s Try!
The figure is made up of a quarter circle and two semicircles.
The radius of the quarter circle is 26 cm. Find the perimeter
and area of the figure. (Take π = 3.14.)

Area of quarter circle = × 3.14 × 26 × 26

26 cm

= 530.66 cm2

Area of figure = 530.66 + 530.66

= 1061.32 cm2

The area of the figure is 1061.32 cm2.

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 Composite Figures
A semicircle is cut out from a quarter circle
of radius 30 cm. Find the perimeter and area
of the remaining shape. (Take π = 3.14.)
30 cm

Perimeter of remaining shape

= 124.2 cm2

The perimeter of the remaining shape is 124.2 cm.

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 Composite Figures
A semicircle is cut out from a quarter circle
of radius 30 cm. Find the perimeter and area
of the remaining shape. (Take π = 3.14.)
30 cm

Area of remaining shape

= Area of quarter circle − Area of semicircle

Area of quarter circle = × 3.14 × 30 × 30

= 706.5 cm2

Radius of semicircle= 30 ÷ 2
= 15 cm
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 Composite Figures
A semicircle is cut out from a quarter circle
of radius 30 cm. Find the perimeter and area
of the remaining shape. (Take π = 3.14.)
30 cm

Area of semicircle = × 3.14 × 15 × 15

= 353.25 cm2

Area of remaining shape = 706.5 − 353.25

= 353.25 cm2

The area of the remaining shape is 353.25 cm2.

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 Let’s Try!
The figure is made up of a rectangle and two identical
semicircles. The diameter of each semicircle is 28 cm.
Find the perimeter and area of the shaded part.
(Take π = .)
Perimeter of shaded part
90 cm
1 4
= + (2 × 90)
1 1

= 268 cm 28cm

The perimeter of the shaded part is 268 cm.

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 Let’s Try!
The figure is made up of a rectangle and two identical
semicircles. The diameter of each semicircle is 28 cm.
Find the perimeter and area of the shaded part.
(Take π = .)
Area of shaded part
90 cm
= Area of rectangle − Area of two semicircles

Area of rectangle = 28 × 60
= 1680 cm2 28cm

Radius of each semicircle = 28 ÷ 2

= 14 cm

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 Let’s Try!
The figure is made up of a rectangle and two identical
semicircles. The diameter of each semicircle is 28 cm.
Find the perimeter and area of the shaded part.
(Take π = .)
Area of two semicircles = Area of 1 circle
90 cm
2
= × 14 × 14
1
= 616 cm2
28cm
Area of shaded part = 1680 − 616
= 1064 cm2

The area of shaded part is 1064 cm2.

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 Composite Figures
The figure is made up of 8 identical quarter
circles of radius 8 cm. Find the perimeter and
area of the shaded part. (Take π = 3.14.)

Perimeter of shaded part 8 cm

2
= 8 × × 2 × 3.14 × 8
1 8 cm
= 100.48 cm

The perimeter of the shaded part is 100.48 cm.

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 Composite Figures
The figure is made up of 8 identical quarter
circles of radius 8 cm. Find the perimeter and
area of the shaded part. (Take π = 3.14.)

8 cm

Area of shaded part

= 8 × (Area of each quarter circle − Area of triangle)

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 Composite Figures
The figure is made up of 8 identical quarter
circles of radius 8 cm. Find the perimeter and
area of the shaded part. (Take π = 3.14.)

Area of each quarter circle 8 cm

2
= × 3.14 × 8 × 8
1

= 50.24 cm2
4
Area of triangle = ×8×8
1

= 32 cm2
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 Composite Figures
The figure is made up of 8 identical quarter
circles of radius 8 cm. Find the perimeter and
area of the shaded part. (Take π = 3.14.)

Area of shaded part = 8 × (50.24 − 32) 8 cm

= 8 × 18.24
= 145.92 cm2

The area of the shaded part is 145.92 cm2.

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 Let’s Try!
The figure is formed by two identical semicircles
and two identical quarter circles that lie in a
rectangle. The radius of each quarter circle is
14 cm. Find the perimeter and area of the
shaded part. (Take π = .)
14 cm
Perimeter of shaded part
1 2 1 1 2
=
1 1 2 1
1
= 44 + 44
= 88 cm

The perimeter of shaded part is 88 cm2.

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 Let’s Try!
The figure is formed by two identical semicircles
and two identical quarter circles that lie in a
rectangle. The radius of each quarter circle is
14 cm. Find the perimeter and area of the
shaded part. (Take π = .)
14 cm
Area of shaded part
= 2 × (Area of each quarter circle − Area of each semicircle)
1
7 7
Area of each quarter circle = × × 14 × 14
2 1
1
= 154 cm2

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 Let’s Try!
The figure is formed by two identical semicircles
and two identical quarter circles that lie in a
rectangle. The radius of each quarter circle is
14 cm. Find the perimeter and area of the
shaded part. (Take π = .)
14 cm
Radius of each semicircle = 14 ÷ 2
= 7 cm
11
1
Area of each semicircle = × ×7×7
1 1
= 77 cm2

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 Let’s Try!
The figure is formed by two identical semicircles
and two identical quarter circles that lie in a
rectangle. The radius of each quarter circle is
14 cm. Find the perimeter and area of the
shaded part. (Take π = .)
14 cm
Area of shaded part = 2 × (154 − 77)
= 2 × 77
= 154 cm2

The area of the shaded part is 154 cm2.

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 Reference — Textbooks
Learning Outcomes

Radius, diameter and 6A 6A

circumference pp. 138 – 146 pp. 97 – 105

Area of a circle 6A 6A
pp. 147 – 151 pp. 108 –112

Composite figures 6A 6A
pp. 152 – 158 pp. 105 – 117

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