LESSON 4
GEOLOGICAL DISASTER:
EARTHQUAKES
OBJECTIVES
• Explain the nature and process of
Earthquakes
• Discuss the different earthquake hazards
• Enumerate ways on how to respond
before, during, and after the occurrence
of an earthquake
BELLWORK:
What to do
during
earthquakes?
GEOLOGICAL DISASTERS
(land – related disasters)
EARTHQUAKES
VOLCANIC ERUPTION
LANDSLIDES
GEOLOGICAL DISASTER
AGENCY IN THE
PHILIPPINES
https://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/
What is an
Earthquake?
Itis the weak or violent
shaking of the Earth’s surface
caused by the sudden
movement of rocks beneath it
Commonly happens at a fault
CONVERGENT
BOUNDARY
DIVERGENT BOUNDARY
TRANSFORM BOUNDARY
What do tectonic activities result
to?
creates
creates rift valleys
mountains, creates fault
and seafloor
volcanoes, lines
spreading
trenches
SLIDING OF TECTONIC PLATES
What is an
Earthquake?
FOCUS – the place where
energy is released
EPICENTER – the point
immediately above the focus
SEISMOGRAPH
A device that measures
Earthquake’s:
MAGNITUDE
INTENSITY
MAGNITUDE
Measure of the total
energy released by an
Earthquake measured in
a Richter Magnitude
Scale
INTENSITY
Perceived strength
of an Earthquake
based on relative
effect measured in
a Mercalli Scale
EARTHQUAKE HAZARDS
•Ground Shaking
•Ground Rupture
•Liquefaction
•Ground subsidence
•Tsunami
GROUND SHAKING
Caused by the
passage of
seismic waves
beneath structures
GROUND RUPTURE
Displacement of the
ground due to the
violent shaking of the
surface
(VERTICAL or
HORIZONTAL)
LIQUEFACTION
Takes place when
there is high water
pressure in
saturated soils
because of ground
shaking
GROUND
SUBSIDENCE
Lowering of the
land surface due
to extraction of
ground water and
natural gas, mining
and earthquakes
TSUNAMI
A series of large
waves resulting from
the disturbance of sea
water
EARTHQUAKE PREPAREDNESS
•BEFORE
•DURING
•AFTER
SEATWO
RK
1.__________ are breaks or cracks on the
Earth’s surface.
2.The instrument used to measure the
energy released during an Earthquake
is called _________.
3.___________ happens when water pressure
in saturated soils increases, which
reduces ground capabilities to support
structures.
4.___________ refers to the total energy
released by an Earthquake
Enumerate actions
to do BEFORE,
DURING, and AFTER
an EARTHQUAKE
OBJECTIVES
• Explain the nature and process of
Earthquakes
• Discuss the different earthquake hazards
• Enumerate ways on how to respond
before, during, and after the occurrence
of an earthquake
