Proposed topic

DESIGN OF MICROWAVE FILTERS

USING RESONATORS AND SOME
ADDITIONAL STRUCTURES

Under Supervision of
Dr. R. K. Chauhan

By
Yatindra Gaurav
Research Scholar – QIP
ECE Dept., MMMUT, Gorakhpur
 Contents
 Aim
 Objective
 Flow Chart
 Introduction
 Literature review
 Inferences drawn out
 Work Done
 References

2
 Aim
To design a planar and compact microwave filter using resonator
of optimum miniaturization with better passband performance .

3
 Objective
1. Design of novel resonator structures with additional structure

2. Compact resonator filter

3. Improved passband and stopband performance

4. Optimum locations for transmission zeroes

4
 Flow Chart

E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6

E1 Software Learning and two E4 Will work on two Resonator (6

course work (6 month) month)
o Resonator as combline
E2 Challenges in Design of structure
resonator and two course work (6 o Resonator with defected
month) ground structure

E3 First Design is communicated E5 will work on last chapter and

(6 month) Thesis Writting (6 month)

E6 Thesis writing and submission5

Introduction

6
Transmission Line Basics

• Low frequencies
• Wavelengths are much larger than wire lengths
• Voltage and current do not vary along the wire

• High frequencies
• Wavelengths are smaller than conductor lengths

• Voltage and current vary with position (power is

easier to measure)

7
Types of Transmission Lines

Twisted pair Waveguide

RF Coaxial cable

Coplanar
Microstrip line

8
Lumped-Element Circuits:

• Physical dimensions of circuit are such that voltage across and current through
conductors connecting elements does not vary.

• Current in two-terminal lumped circuit element does not vary (phase change or
transit time are neglected)

Distributed Circuits:

• Current varies along conductors and elements;

• Voltage across points along conductor or within element Varies

• phase change or transit time cannot be neglected

9
2. Filter Characterization(1)

 Two-port Network ;

Input H( ) Output

Fig. 1 Two-port Network

H ( )  H ( ) e j ( )

10
 2. Filter Characterization(2)

Characteristics of ideal bandpass filters ;

1 for f1  f  f 2
H ( )  and  ( )   d
0 for f  f 1 , f  f 2

lH( )l
1
Fig. 2 Characteristics of
ideal bandpass filter

() Freq.

→ not realizable
→ approximation required

11
 2. Filter Characterization(3)

 Practical specifications ;
1) Passband
lower cutoff frequency f1 - upper cutoff f2

frequency - 20 log H( ) ( dB)

2) Insertion loss :
must be as 20 log  as( dB
small )
possible
3) Return Loss :
degree of impedance matching
4) Ripple
variation of insertion loss within the passband 12
 2. Filter Characterization(4)

5) Group delay
d ( )
d 
d

; time to required to pass the filter

6) Skirt frequency characteristics

; depends on the system specifications

7) Power handling capability

13
Filter design(the insertion loss method)

Definition of Power Loss Ratio (PLR)

impedance matching as well as frequency selectivity

P in
[S ij ] P trans
P refl Fig. 3 General filter network

2 2
Prefl   Pin  S11 Pin
2 2
Ptrans  T Pin  S 21 Pin
Pin 1 N ( ) ← network synthesis
PLR   1 
Ptran 1   2 D( ) procedures are required

14
Resonators
• Structure which is able to enclose at least one oscillating electromagnetic field is
called a Microstrip resonator.

15
 Literature Review
[1] Federal Communications Commission, "Revision of Part 15 of the Commission's
Rules Regarding Ultra-wideband Transmission Systems", Tech. Rep.,ET-Docket 98-
153, FCC02-48, April 2002.
IEEE 802.11a
 Cont…
[2] S. W. Wong, L. Zhu, L. C. Quek and Z. N. Chen, “A stopband-enhanced UWB
bandpass filter using shout-/open- stubs embedded ring resonator,” in Proc. IEEE
Asia-Pacific Microw. Conf., Dec. 2009, pp. 913-916.
 Cont…
[3] Q. X. Chu, X. H. Wu and X. k. Tain, “Novel UWB Bandpass Filter Using Stub-
Loaded Multiple-Mode Resonator,” IEEE MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS
COMPONENTS LETTERS., vol. 21, NO.8, Aug 2011.
 Cont…
[4] Hung-Wei Wun, Yung-WeiChen and Yu-FuChen “New ultra-
wideband (UWB) bandpass filter using triangle-ring multi-mode stub-
loaded resonator” Microelectronics Journal 43 (2012) 857–862
 Cont…
[5] Kaida Xu, Yonghong Zhang, Joshua Lewei, William T. Joines, and Qing Huo,
“Miniaturized Notch-Band UWB Bandpass Filters Using Interdigital Coupled Feed-
Line Structure”, Microwave Opt Technol Lett Vol. 56, No. 10 (2014), 2215–2217.
 Cont…

Comparison of the simulated resonant modes with different multi-mode resonator (MMR). (1)
Conventional patch-MMR [6], (2) square-ring [7], (3) rectangular-ring [8], (4) circular ring [9],
(5) stepped-impedance stub-loaded resonator with defected ground structure (DGS) [10] and (6)
triangular ring resonator [4]
Defected Microstrip Structure (DMS)

• Defected Microstrip Structure (DMS) was proposed on the basis of DGS which also
disturbs current distribution on strip line.

• Increase of the effective inductance and capacitance and gives stopband

characteristics in the frequency response.

• DMS has no drawbacks as DGS which suffers from leakage through ground plane
and radiation through the etched slot that can cause distortions in measurements.

(a) (b)

(c) (d)
Structure of defected microstrip structure (a) conventional T-shaped,
[12, 13] (b) G-shaped [12], (c) L-shaped, [14] and (d) Spiral shaped
 Inferences drawn out
 Interdigital Structure is combination of stubs and it can be modified
 Band pass filter can be design for any frequency range.
 Notch can be created for any desired frequency.
 Filter performance can be improved by using resonators with defected
microstrip structures (DMS)
 Size of filter can be reduced by using defected microstrip structures (DMS)
in micro-strip resonator.
 Transmission zero can be adjusted.
 Spurious frequency can be removed for any filter.
 Resonator can be a combination of stubs λ/4
 Work done
Paper accepted in RAIT – 2016, IEEE Conference, Dhanbad

(a) Ultra Wide Band Bandpass Filter

(b) S-Parameter of Simulated Proposed Filter

24
 Cont…
Paper Accepted in AET 2015 conference - Cochin

(a) UWB BPF

(b) Simulated S-parameter of UWB BPF

25
 Cont…
Paper Accepted in ICMARS-2015 conference – International Centre for Radio
Science, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.

(a) UWB BPF

(b) Simulated S-parameter of UWB BPF

26
 Cont…
Paper Communicated in MOTL

(a) UWB BPF

(b) Simulated S- Parameter

27
 Cont…
Paper Communicated in MOTL

(a) UWB BPF

(b) Simulated S- Parameter of UWB BPF

28
 References
[1] Federal Communications Commission, "Revision of Part 15 of the Commission's
Rules Regarding Ultra-wideband Transmission Systems," Tech. Rep.,ET-Docket 98-
153, FCC02-48, April 2002.
[2 ] S. W. Wong, L. Zhu, L. C. Quek and Z. N. Chen, “A stopband-enhanced UWB
bandpass filter using shout-/open- stubs embedded ring resonator,” in Proc. IEEE
Asia-Pacific Microw. Conf., Dec. 2009, pp. 913-916.
[3] Q. X. Chu, X. H. Wu and X. k. Tain, “Novel UWB Bandpass Filter Using Stub-
Loaded Multiple-Mode Resonator,” IEEE MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS
COMPONENTS LETTERS., vol. 21, NO.8, Aug 2011.
[4] Hung-Wei Wun, Yung-WeiChen and Yu-FuChen “New ultra-wideband (UWB)
bandpass filter using triangle-ring multi-mode stub-loaded resonator,”
Microelectronics Journal 43 (2012) 857–862
[5] Kaida Xu, Yonghong Zhang, Joshua Lewei, William T. Joines, and Qing Huo,
“Miniaturized Notch-Band UWB Bandpass Filters Using Interdigital Coupled Feed-
Line Structure”, Microwave Opt Technol Lett Vol. 56, No. 10 (2014), 2215–2217.
[6] L. Zhu, S. Sun, W. Menzel, “Ultra-wideband (UWB) bandpass filters using
multiple-mode resonator,” IEEE Microwave Wireless Components Lett. 15 (2005)
796–798.
 Cont…
[7] X. Zhang, C. Karnfelt, J. Liu, S. Ma, X. Wang, L. Meng, H. Zirath, “Realization
of ultra wideband bandpass filter based on LCP substrate for wireless applica-
tion,” High Density Packag. Microsyst Integrat. (2007) 1–5.
[8] M.H. Weng, C.T. Liauh, H.W. Wu, S.R. Vargas, “An ultra-wideband bandpass
filter with an embedded open-circuited stub structure to improve in-band
performance,” IEEE Microwave Wireless Components Lett. 19 (2009) 146–148.
[9] W. Liu, Z. Ma, C.P. Chen, G. Zheng, “A novel ultra wideband bandpass filter
using microstrip double-ring resonator,” Microwave. Opt. Technol. Lett. 49 (2007)
303–305.
[10] Q.X. Chu, X.K. Tian, “Design of UWB bandpass filter using stepped-impedance
stub-loaded resonator,” IEEE Microwave Wireless Components Lett. 20 (2010)
501–503.
[11] Chakrabarty K.; Budimir D. 2013. Compact tunable bandstop filters using
Defected Microstrip Structure for multi-standard wireless systems. Microwave
Conference (EuMC), European. pp. 1031-1034.
 Cont…
[12] Chaudhary G.; Phirun Kim; Yongchae Jeong; Jongsik Lim; Jaehoon Lee. 2011.
Analysis and circuit modelling method for defected microstrip structure in planar
transmission lines. Microwave Conference Proceedings (APMC), 2011 Asia-Pacific.
pp. 999-002, 5-8.
[13] Chaudhary G.; Yongchae Jeong; Jongsik Lim; Chul- Dong Kim; Dongsu Kim;
Jun-Chul Kim; Jong-Chul Park. 2010. DMS harmonic termination load network for
high efficiency Power Amplifier applications. Microwave Conference (EuMC), 2010
European. pp. 946-949, 28-30.
[14] Sinhga R.; Moyra T. 2012. Design and performance improvement of lowpass
filter by using Defected Microstrip Structure. Communications, Devices and
Intelligent Systems (CODIS). International Conference on. pp. 520-523, 28-29.4]
[15] Roy Choudhury S.; Parui S.K.; Das S. 2011. Improvement of stopband using a
spiral defected microstrip and defected ground structures. Applied Electromagnetics
Conference (AEMC). IEEE. pp. 1-3.
 y ou … !
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