ME-204
Engineering Graphics
Introduction
Lecture 1
Course Instructor: Faheem Ahmed
Course Instructor
Faheem Ahmed
Lecturer
Office # G-13 – FME
Ext. 2377
Email:
[email protected]Teaching Assistant
Engr. Fahad Zahid
Instructor
Faheem Ahmed
Courses Taught:
Thermodynamics I & II, Fluid Mechanics I & II,
Computational Fluid Dynamics, PowerPlants
Topics
• Introductions
• OBE System
• Grading / Attendance Policies
• Course outline / content
• Engineering Design & Graphics
Outcome Based Education (OBE)
System of education that revolves around goals (outcomes) the
students are to achieve through a degree program.
Outcome Based Education (OBE)
Institute
Vision/Mission
Faculty
Vision/Mission
Program
Educational
Objectives
(PEO's)
Program
Learning
Outcomes
(PLO's)
Course Course Course Course
Learning Learning Learning Learning
Outcome Outcome Outcome Outcome
(CLO1) (CLO2) (CLO3) (CLO4)
Course Learning Outcomes
• The CLOs are mapped to PLOs and are evaluated at the end
of each course.
• You need to achieve at least 40% of each PLO.
• If you fail to achieve at least 40% in any of the 12 PLOs at
the end of your
4-year program, necessary action will be required for
completion of degree.
• PLO, PEO and vision/mission of faculty and institute
are available on the GIKI web site
FME Attendance Policy
• According to Institute policy, 80% of attendance (Offline
Lectures + Live Lectures) is mandatory to appear in final
examination
• Students are required to maintain 100% attendance, 20%
relaxation is given for emergencies, participation in team
events abroad etc
• Please reach in class at least 5 minutes earlier. Door will be
locked 5 minutes into the lecture.
FME Grading Policy
• Minimum Absolute Passing marks = 35% ( For a Class Average 45-
55)
• Passing marks > Average - 1.5*Standard Deviation ( For a Class
above 55 & below 45)
• A student with a score not meeting the above mentioned criteria
shall be awarded grade ‘F’ regardless of the class average.
• Rest of the grading (in accordance with the institute policy) shall be
such that the class grade point average lies between the relevant of
following the ranges
Course Material
Pre-Requisite: None
TextBooks
Technical Graphics Communication 3rd edition by Eric N. Wiebe and
Garry R. Bertoline
URL:
https://www.amazon.com/Technical-Graphics-Communication-Robert-Bertoline/
dp/0073655988
Reference Books:
Engineering Graphics by Frederick E. Giesecke et al.
URL:
https://www.amazon.com/Engineering-Graphics-8th-Frederick-Giesecke/dp/013
1415212/
Course Material Available at
\\10.1.17.20
Course Learning Outcomes
Sr. No Course Learning Outcomes PLOs Blooms Taxonomy
Apply engineering graphics
fundamentals to
CLO_1 PLO 1 C3
draw/describe technical
drawing & their elements.
describe, represent and
CLO_2 document the mechanical PLO 9 A3
components.
use commercial/Open-Source
CAD tools to generate 2D
CLO_3 PLO 5 P3
drawings & 3D model of
mechanical elements.
CLO Assessment
ASSESSMENT TOOLS CLO_1 CLO_2 CLO_3
Quizzes 10% 0% 0%
Assignment 0% 10% 0%
Lab Mid 0% 12.5% 0%
Pre-Mid Labs 0% 12.5% 0%
Lab Final 0% 0% 50%
Post Mid Labs 0% 0% 50%
Midterm Exam 35% 25% 0%
Final Exam 55% 40% 0%
Marks Distribution
(Can be subject to change, if needed)
Quizzes 5%
(~2 Quizzes)
Assignments 10%
(~ 6 Assignments)
Lab 40%
Mid Exam 15%
Final Exam 30%
Course Content / Lecture Breakdown
Lecture 1 Introduction Engineering Graphics
Lecture 2 Concurrent Design Process & Projection Theory of CAD systems
Lecture 3 Orthographic projections
Lecture 4 Introduction to Solid Modeling
Lecture 5 Projections of Points and Lines
Lecture 6 Dimensioning
Lecture 7 Engineering Geometry
Lecture 8 Sectioning
Lecture 9 Orthographic Reading and Writing
Lecture 10 Engineering curves
Lecture 11 Development of Surfaces
Lecture 12 Fastening Methods & Engineering Drawings
Lecture 13 Geometric Tolerancing
Lecture 14 Production Engineering Drawing
Lecture 15 Computer Aided Drawing
Engineering Design
What is Engineering Design?
Typical Engineering Design Cycle
Graphics in Design Process
Technical graphics is a real and complete language used in
the design process for:
1. Visualization
2. Communication
3. Documentation
Visualization
• Visualization is the ability to mentally picture things that are not there.
• Ability to visualize problem solutions and communicate them through
sketches is one of the most important skill of a designer.
Communication
• Refinement of your initial sketches so that your design solution can
be communicated to others without ambiguity.
• Usually done by creating a three-dimensional (3D) model
Documentation
• Is a process to permanently record that solution/Final sketch/Design.
• 2D drawing follow strict standard practices. These standards are the
language used to communicate graphically.
• 3D graphical representation can also be part of the final documentation
Engineering Design
Application
new wrench design
• Design Idea
• Drafting
• Rapid Prototyping (3D Printing)
• Manufacturing
Working Drawings
Engineering Graphics
It refers to the use of Drawings/Sketches
to represent design ideas, configurations &
specifications and analysis for an
engineering project.
Effectiveness of Graphics Language
The word languages are inadequate for describing the size, shape
and features completely as well as concisely.
Composition of Graphic Language
Graphic language in “engineering application” uses lines to
represent the surfaces, edges and contours of objects.
The language is known as “drawing” or “drafting” .
A drawing can be done using freehand, instruments or computer-
based methods.
Freehand drawing
The lines are sketched without using instruments other
than pencils and erasers.
Example
Instrument drawing
Instruments are used to draw straight lines, circles, and
curves concisely and accurately. Thus, the drawings are
usually made to scale.
Example
Computer Aided Drawing
The drawings are usually made by commercial software
such as AutoCAD, Pro-E/ CREO, Solidworks etc.
Example
Engineering Drawing
• An engineering drawing is a set of drawings/Views/Sections etc. that
communicates an idea, design, schematic or model.
• Engineering drawing is a universal graphic language, known as the
language of engineers.
• It is used by engineers to develop and record their ideas and transmit
them to others for execution.
Different types of drawing
• Production drawings
• Assembly drawings
• Layouts
DRAWING TOOLS
Drawing Boards
DRAWING TOOLS
1. T-Square 2. Triangles
DRAWING TOOLS
2H or HB for thick line
4H for thin line
3. Adhesive Tape 4. Pencils
DRAWING TOOLS
5. Sandpaper 6. Compass
DRAWING TOOLS
7. Pencil Eraser
8. Circular Template10. Sharpener
DRAWING TOOLS
11. Scales
Elements of Engineering Drawing
Engineering drawing are made up of graphics language
and word language.
Graphics
Language
Describe a shape/geometry
(mainly).
Word
Language
Describe size, location and
specification of the object.
Drawing Standards
Standards are set of rules that govern how technical
drawings are represented.
Standards allow for the clear communication of technical ideas.
Drawing standards are used so that drawings convey
the same meaning to everyone who reads them.
Standard Code
Country Code Full name
Turkey TS Turkish Standard
USA ANSI American National Standard Institute
Japan JIS Japanese Industrial Standard
UK BS British Standard
Australia AS Australian Standard
Germany DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung
ISO International Standards Organization
ANSI Standards
*Textbook Chapters
Drawing Sheet
A4
Trimmed paper of
a size A0 ~ A4.
A3
Standard sheet size
(ISO) A2
A4 210 x 297
A3 297 x 420 A1
A2 420 x 594
A1 594 x 841
A0 841 x 1189
(Dimensions in millimeters) A0
Orientation of drawing sheet
1. Type X (A0~A4) 2. Type Y (A4 only)
c
d
d c Drawing
Border Drawing space
space Title block
lines Title block
c
Drawing Scales
Length, size
Scale is the ratio of the linear dimension of an element of an
object shown in the drawing to the real linear
dimension of the same element of the object.
Size in drawing Actual size
:
Drawing Scales
Designation of a scale consists of the word “SCALE”
followed by the indication of its ratio, as follow
SCALE 1:1 for full size
SCALE X:1 for enlargement scales (X > 1)
SCALE 1:X for reduction scales (X > 1)
Dimension numbers shown in the drawing are correspond
to “true size” of the object and they are independent of
the scale used in creating that drawing.
TYPES OF LINES USED IN
ENGINEERING DRAWING:
Basic Line Types
Name according
Types of Lines Appearance
to application
Continuous thick line Visible line
Continuous thin line Dimension line
Extension line
Leader line
Dash thick line Hidden line
Chain thin line Center line
NOTE : We will learn other types of line in later chapters.
Meaning of Lines
Visible lines represent features that can be seen in the
current view
Hidden lines represent features that can not be seen in
the current view
Center line represents symmetry, path of motion, centers
of circles, axis of axisymmetrical parts
Dimension and Extension lines indicate the sizes and
location of features on a drawing
Example : Line conventions in engineering drawing
Self study
• Engineering Drawing rules
• Freehand sketching
• Line types
• Lettering
Students should contact Teaching Assistants/Lab
Engineers incase of any problem.
Task
1. Get a clear mental picture of a common device,
such as a telephone, automobile,
computer mouse, or coffee cup then sketch
what you see in your mind.
• Is this mental image 2-D or 3-D?
• Try to put words to each feature you are drawing.
End of Lecture 1
Thank you…
Sketching Techniques
