Turkey and Pakistan
Relations
Presented By: Ijazulhaq Zarin
Roll No: 70120024
Agenda
Introduction
Diplomatic Relations
Economic Relations
Strategic Ties
Kashmir Conflict
Security Relations
Aid Exchange
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Introduction
• Pakistan-Turkey relations date back generations before the
establishment of the two states, more precisely during the
Turkish war of independence when the Muslims of the north-
western British Raj sent financial aid to the declining Ottoman
Empire, which was followed by the formation of the Turkish
Republic and the independence of Pakistan.
• As a result, Pakistan and its nation have enjoyed a positive
perception in Turkey and among Turks for many years.
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Cont.……
• Pakistan and Turkey enjoy close cultural, historical,
educational, and military relations which are now expanding
into deepening economic relations as both countries seek to
develop their economies.
• Turkey supports Pakistan’s membership of the Nuclear
Suppliers Group.
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Diplomatic Relations
• Diplomatic relations between the two states were established in
1947, soon after Pakistan came into being as the then largest
Muslim country on world map.
• Turkey was among few countries that immediately recognized
Pakistan after its establishment and supported its successful bid
to become a member of the United Nation.
• The founder of Pakistan M.Ali Jinnah expressed admiration for
turkey’s founding leader Mustafa Kamal Ataturk and also had a
desire to develop Pakistan on the Turkish model of modernism
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Cont.…….
• Jinnah is honoured as a great leader in Turkey and a major road
of the capital Ankara, the Cinnah caddesi is named after him,
while roads in Islamabad, Karachi, Lahore, Peshawar and
Lakarna are named after Ataturk.
• On 26th oct 2009, Recep Tayyip Erdogan was awarded the
Nishan-e-Pakistan and was the fourth world leader who spoke
to the Pakistani Parliament.
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Economic Relations
• Turkey and Pakistan are founding members of the Economic
Cooperation and parts of the developing 8 Countries
Organization(D-8).
• Both nations have worked to negotiate a preferential trading
agreement(signed in August 2022), aiming to considerably
increase trade and investments, especially in transport,
telecommunications, manufacturing, tourism and other
industries (trade worth $325 million).
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Cont.……
• Pakistani exports include rice, sesame seeds, leather, textiles,
fabrics, sports goods and medical equipment.
• Turkey’s exports to Pakistan include wheat, chickpeas, lentils,
diesel, chemicals, transport vehicles, machinery and energy
products.
• Turkish private corporations have also invested significantly in
industrial and construction projects developing high ways,
pipelines, and canals.
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Strategic Ties
• Both nations were part of the cold war alliance called the
Central Treaty Organisation(CENTO).
• Its goal was to contain the Soviet Union by having a line of
strong states along the USSR’s southern frontiers. Military
contacts remain resolute, uncompromising and stalwart as ever.
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Kashmir Conflict
• Turkey supports Pakistan’s stance of holding a plebiscite under
the UN to decide if Kashmir wants to join Pakistan, a position
which Turkish president Erdogan reaffirmed in a joint address
to the Pakistani Parliament.
• The Turkish ambassador spent a week in Pakistani-administered
Kashmir’s capital Muzaffarabad to express solidarity with the
Kashmir cause.
• President Erdogan called for a multilateral dialogue between
India and Pakistan to resolve the Kashmir Issue.
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Security Relations
• Pakistan and Turkey have maintained long-standing military
ties with Turkey also providing training to Pakistani Air Force
officers in upgrading F-16 fleet.
• on April 2, 1954 Pakistan and Turkey signed a treaty of
friendship and cooperation.
• Pakistan has reciprocated by expressing support for Turkey’s
policy on northern Cyprus.
• Both nations have sought to expand cooperation to fight
terrorism.
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Cont.……….
• Turkey is also currently a major arms seller to Pakistan.
• Turkey previously purchased arms from Pakistan and continues
to purchase minor aerial weapons and components from
Pakistan.
• In July 2018 Pakistan’s navy signed a contract for the
acquisition of four MILGEM-CLASS(MILGEM PROJECT)
ships from Turkey which is the largest single military export
deal of Turkey worth $1.5 billion.
• In Nov 2019, navies of both countries participated in drills in
the Mediterranean and Arabian sea.
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Aid Exchange
• In the aftermath of the 2005 Kashmir earthquake,
Turkey stepped up its efforts to help the Pakistani
people of the affected areas.
• Turkey announced a package of $150 million for
the quake-hit people.
• Pakistan supplied turkey with aid during the 1999
earthquake and during the 2011 Van earthquake.
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