SpringMVC学习-使用注解开发-CSDN博客

本文档介绍了如何使用SpringMVC进行注解驱动的开发，包括新建Moudle、配置web.xml、编写springmvc-servlet.xml，以及创建Controller。通过注解@Controller和@RequestMapping，实现了简单的请求映射，并通过InternalResourceViewResolver配置了解析视图。最后展示了对应的jsp页面展示数据的过程。

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SpringMVC学习-使用注解开发

新建一个Moudle，添加web支持
引入相关依赖，同时由于Maven可能存在资源过滤的问题，需要在pom.xml中完善配置

<!--在build中配置resources，来防止我们资源导出失败的问题-->
<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.12</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.16</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.5</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
        <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

<build>
    <resources>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>true</filtering>
        </resource>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/java</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>true</filtering>
        </resource>
    </resources>
</build>

在这里插入图片描述
3. 配置web.xml以后的项目直接拿来用即可

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <!--注册DispatcherServlet,springMVC的核心，请求分发器，前端控制器-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!--关联一个springmvc的配置文件：【servlet-name】-servlet.xml-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!--启动级别-1-->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <!-- / 匹配所有的请求：（不包括.jsp）-->
    <!-- /* 匹配所有的请求：（包括.jsp）-->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

编写springmvc-servlet.xml配置文件，同样以后可以直接拿来用

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!--自动扫描包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.lyh.controller" />
    <!--让SpringMVC不处理静态资源 .css .js .html ...-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler />

    <!--支持mvc注解驱动
        在spring中一般采用@RequestMapping来完成映射关系
        要想使@RequestMapping注解生效
        必须向上下文中注册DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping
        和一个AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter实例
        这两个实例分别在类级别和方法级别处理
        而annotation-driven配置帮助我们自动完成上述两个实例的注入-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />

    <!--视图解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver" >
        <!--前缀-->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <!--后缀-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>
</beans>

创建controller

// 自动装配了
@Controller
@RequestMapping("hello")
public class HelloController {
    @RequestMapping("hello1")
    public String hello(Model model){
        // 封装数据
        model.addAttribute("msg","Hello,SpringMVCAnnotation");
        return "hello"; //会被视图解析器处理
    }
}

编写jsp页面，显示页面接收数据

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
${msg}
</body>
</html>

配置tomact测试