Maven + Zookeeper + Dubbo 搭建简单分布式项目

于 2019-10-31 18:33:36 发布
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分类专栏： dubbo
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Linchack/article/details/102841052
本文介绍了如何为初学者搭建一个简单的Dubbo分布式项目，包括Zookeeper的安装配置、dubbo-admin的安装以及项目结构和配置。通过 Maven 管理依赖，利用Zookeeper作为注册中心，实现服务的提供与消费。

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前言：对于第一次接触分布式dubbo框架的小伙伴，可先自行了解一下dubbo的相关原理和运行机制。博主推荐一篇不错的博文，小伙伴们可以阅览后，再学习本文dubbo分布式项目搭建。

dubbo基本原理：https://blog.csdn.net/en_joker/article/details/89946034

本文借鉴以下博客：Dubbo入门---搭建一个最简单的Demo框架

1. Zookeeper 安装配置

下载地址：https://zookeeper.apache.org/releases.html

官网安装教程：http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/r3.5.5/zookeeperStarted.html

百度网盘链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/141kQcKae7ay7-O7WVAORsg   提取码：jaij 

下载解压后，将bin下的zoo_sample.cfg文件复制一份并修改文件名为zoo.cfg，编辑该文件配置信息如下所示：

# The number of milliseconds of each tick  心跳间隔 毫秒每次
tickTime=2000
# The number of ticks that the initial
# synchronization phase can take
initLimit=10
# The number of ticks that can pass between
# sending a request and getting anacknowledgement
syncLimit=5
# the directory where the snapshot isstored.  //镜像数据位置
dataDir=D:\\layduo\\dubbo\\data
#日志位置
dataLogDir=D:\\layduo\\dubbo\\logs
# the port at which the clients willconnect  客户端连接的端口
clientPort=2181

完成以上配置后，启动Zookeeper服务，进入安装目录bin下，输入以下命令：

zkServer.cmd

重新cmd开启另一个窗口，输入以下命令查看启动状态：

jps -l -v

进入安装目录bin下，输入以下命令连接Zookeeper：

zkCli.cmd 127.0.0.1:2181

2. dubbo-admin安装配置 

由于dubbo被阿里捐献给了apache,这次安装admin时，参考网上的资料，地址还是停留在之前的链接，踩了不少坑，这里记录下。

dubbo-admin下载地址：

地址一：https://github.com/apache/incubator-dubbo/releases 该地址2.6版本以上的包中没有dubbo-admin ,2.5x版本的有。

地址二：https://github.com/apache/incubator-dubbo-ops 该地址中的dubbo-admin（默认端口7001）模块被单独拎出来了，springboot方式启动，可以直接运行main方法，或者使用 java -jar 方式启动，很方便，有github账号的可以fork一下。

现成的dubbo-admin.war百度网盘链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1ZeD_FJbwA58ji1msfVz41A  提取码：evgq 

下载后把dubbo-admin通过mvn命令行将dubbo-admin打成war包，进入dubbo-admin目录下，通过以下命令打包： 

mvn package -Dmaven.skip.test=true

 接着将打包好war包放在tomcat的webapps目录下，启动tomcat，war包将会自动解压。然后修改WEB-INF下的dubbo.properties文件，初始root和guest账户密码：

dubbo.registry.address=zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181
dubbo.admin.root.password=root
dubbo.admin.guest.password=guest

最后测试dubbo-admin访问是否能成功，浏览器访问http://ip:端口/dubbo-admin，输入账号密码进入主页面说明配置成功。

3. 项目搭建（开发环境jdk1.7 + maven + spring + dubbo + zookeeper + idea）

项目结构如下所示：其中dubbo是父级项目，里面的三个都是子项目，dubbo-api是接口管理，dubbo-provider是服务提供方，dubbo-consumer是服务消费方。

 

 

 dubbo项目根路径下的pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.layduo</groupId>
    <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <modules>
        <module>dubbo-api</module>
        <module>dubbo-provider</module>
        <module>dubbo-consumer</module>
    </modules>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>

        <!-- spring版本号 -->
        <spring.version>4.2.5.RELEASE</spring.version>

        <!-- mybatis版本号 -->
        <mybatis.version>3.2.8</mybatis.version>

        <!-- mysql驱动版本号 -->
        <mysql-driver.version>5.1.29</mysql-driver.version>

        <!-- log4j日志包版本号 -->
        <slf4j.version>1.7.18</slf4j.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- 添加junit4依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
            <!-- 指定范围，在测试时才会加载 -->
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 添加jstl依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax</groupId>
            <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
            <version>7.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 添加spring核心依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 添加mybatis依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 添加mybatis/spring整合包依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 添加mysql驱动依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql-driver.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 添加数据库连接池依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 添加fastjson -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.22</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 添加日志相关jar包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- log end -->
        <!-- 映入JSON -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.13</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-core -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
            <version>1.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
            <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-web</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-ehcache</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
            <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- dubbo -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>2.5.3</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
            <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
            <version>0.10</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <finalName>dubbo</finalName>
    </build>
</project>

 dubbo-api下的pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.layduo</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>dubbo-api</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <name>dubbo-api Maven Webapp</name>
    <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
    <url>http://www.example.com</url>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <finalName>dubbo-api</finalName>
        <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.1.0</version>
                </plugin>
                <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.0.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.8.0</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.22.1</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.2.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.5.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.8.2</version>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>
    </build>
</project>

dubbo-provider下的pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.layduo</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>dubbo-provider</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.layduo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

dubbo-consumer下的pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.layduo</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>dubbo-consumer</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.layduo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

注意：dubbo-provider和dubbo-consumer中pom.xml记得添加一下依赖：

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.layduo</groupId>
        <artifactId>dubbo-api</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

api声明接口，如下所示：

package com.layduo.dubbo.demo;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by wy on 2017/4/13.
 */
public interface DemoService {
    List<String> getPermissions(Long id);
}

 provider提供服务，如下所示：

package com.layduo.dubbo.demo.impl;

import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Service;
import com.layduo.dubbo.demo.DemoService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@Component("demoService")
@Service(version = "1.0")
public class DemoServiceImpl implements DemoService {
    @Override
    public List<String> getPermissions(Long id) {
        List<String> demo = new ArrayList<String>();
        demo.add(String.format("Permission_%d", id - 1));
        demo.add(String.format("Permission_%d", id));
        demo.add(String.format("Permission_%d", id + 1));
        return demo;
    }
}

 

provider.xml声明暴露服务，如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
       http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">

    <!--定义了提供方应用信息，用于计算依赖关系；在 dubbo-admin 或 dubbo-monitor 会显示这个名字，方便辨识-->
    <dubbo:application name="demotest-provider" owner="programmer" organization="dubbox"/>
    <!--使用 zookeeper 注册中心暴露服务，注意要先开启 zookeeper-->
    <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://localhost:2181"/>
    <!-- 用dubbo协议在20880端口暴露服务 -->
    <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" />
    <!--设置超时时间-->
    <dubbo:provider timeout="600000"/>

    <!--1、通过扫描servive注解注入实现类的bean-->
    <!--扫描dubbo的service注解,在接口实现类上使用注解注入bean -->
    <!-- 配置dubbo注解识别处理器，不指定包名的话会在spring bean中查找对应实例的类配置了dubbo注解的 -->
    <dubbo:annotation package="com.layduo.dubbo.demo.impl"/>

    <!--使用 dubbo 协议实现定义好的 api.PermissionService 接口-->
    <dubbo:service interface="com.layduo.dubbo.demo.DemoService" ref="demoService" protocol="dubbo" />

    <!--2、通过手动配置实现类的bean注入，每个接口实现类都得注入，不推荐这样的写法-->
    <!--具体实现该接口的 bean-->
    <!--<bean id="demoService" class="com.layduo.dubbo.demo.impl.DemoServiceImpl"/>-->
</beans>

consumer.xml引用远程服务，如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">

    <!--引用dubbo服务-->
    <dubbo:application name="demotest-consumer" owner="programmer" organization="dubbox"/>
    <!--设置超时时间-->
    <dubbo:consumer timeout="600000"/>
    <!--向 zookeeper 订阅 provider 的地址，由 zookeeper 定时推送-->
    <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://localhost:2181"/>
    <!--使用 dubbo 协议调用定义好的 api.DemoService 接口-->
    <dubbo:reference id="demoService" interface="com.layduo.dubbo.demo.DemoService"/>
</beans>

调用远程服务前，请确保服务先要启动。

启动远程服务：

package com.layduo.dubbo.demo.impl;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import java.io.IOException;

public class Provider {

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Provider.class);

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("provider.xml");
        logger.info(context.getDisplayName() + ": here");
        context.start();
        logger.info("服务已经启动...");
        System.in.read();
    }
}

启动消费者调用远程服务：

package com.layduo.dubbo.consumer;

import com.layduo.dubbo.demo.DemoService;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Consumer {

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Consumer.class);

    //使用@Reference注解注入dubbo服务

    public static void main(String[] args){
        //测试常规服务
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context =
                new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("consumer.xml");
        context.start();
        logger.info("consumer start");
        DemoService demoService = context.getBean(DemoService.class);
        logger.info("consumer");
        System.out.println(demoService.getPermissions(1L));
    }
}

 最后浏览器登录dubbo-admin查看服务提供者和消费者的情况：

 需要项目源码的可以用git从https://github.com/builthuLin/dubbo.git 克隆到自己本地运行~

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