Python 数字相关用法

import code
import imp
from re import X


x=45
print(type(x))

y=int(15)
print(type(y))

x=int("17")
y=int(4.8)
print(x,y,x-y)

hex_number="a1"
print(int(hex_number,16))

googol=10 ** 10
print(googol)

x=1.1
print(type(x))
x=float("16.44")
print(x)

#格式化
print("%d" % 100)
print("%f" % 101.6)
print("%x" % 100)
print("%#x" % 100)
print("%o" % 100)
print("%#o" % 100)
print("%6d" % 100)
print("%06d" % 100)
print("%6.2f" % 100)

def as_percent(num,den):
    if den==0:
        ratio=0
    else :
        ratio=float(num)/den
    return "%5.1f%%" % (100*ratio)
print("ratio="+as_percent(6839,13895))

def format_dollars(dollars,places):
    return "$%*.2f" % (places+3,dollars)
print(format_dollars(499.98,5))

#加密
def rot13_character(character):
    a=ord('a')
    z=ord('z')
    A=ord('A')
    Z=ord('Z')
    code=ord(character)
    if  a<=code<=z:
        code=a+(code-a+13)%26
    elif A<=code<=Z:
        code=A+(code-A+13)%26
    else:
        pass
    return chr(code)

def rot13(plaintext):
    ciphertext=""
    for character in plaintext:
        ciphertext+=rot13_character(character)
    return ciphertext

message=rot13("This is a TOP-SECRET encoded message")
print(message)

message=rot13(message)
print(message)

i=10
f=6.54
print(i+f)


total=1
total=total+6
print(total)
total+=6
print(total)

print(10/3)
#下界除法  结果取整数
print(6.6//3.0)


def compound(starting_balance,annual_rate,years):
    return starting_balance*((1+annual_rate) ** years)
print(compound(10000,0.04,100))


def format_months(months):
    print("%d years, %d months" % (months//12,months%12))

format_months(100)

#绝对值    
print(abs(-6.5))
#最大小值
print(min(6,7,2,8,5))
print(max([0,43.5,19,5,-6]))
#格式化浮点数 指定位数四舍五入
print(round(1234.56789,2))
print(round(1234.56789,-2))
#求和
print(sum(range(1,101)))
print(sum([1,101]))

def mean(numbers):
    if numbers:
        return float(sum(numbers))/len(numbers)
    else:
        raise ValueError("no numbers specified")
    
print(mean([96,90,100,88]))

#math类使用
from math import sin,cos,pi

def trajectory(velocity,angle):
    g=9.8
    angle=angle*pi/180
    v_h=velocity*cos(angle)
    v_v=velocity*sin(angle)

    tof=2*v_v/g
    range=tof*v_h
    return tof,range

tof,range=trajectory(40,45)
print(tof,"---",range)

#复数
imaginary_number=6j
print(imaginary_number)
complex_number=6+4j
print(complex_number)
print(type(complex_number))
complex_number=(6,4)
print(complex_number)
print(1j ** 2)
print((1+0j)/3)
print(2*(10+3j)*(6.5-4j)/(1-1j)+30)
x=5-6j
print(x.real)
print(x.imag)
print(abs(x))

import math
print(math.hypot(x.real,x.imag))
print(x.conjugate())

import cmath
print(cmath.sqrt(-1))
print(cmath.exp(1j*cmath.pi)+1)

from math import sqrt
def stddev(numbers):
    n=len(numbers)
    sum=0
    sum_of_squares=0
    for number in numbers:
        sum+=number
        sum_of_squares+=number*number
    return sqrt(sum_of_squares/n-(sum/n) ** 2)

print(stddev((5.6,3.2,-1.0,0.7)))

import array
a=array.array("l")
print(a)
a.append(15)
print(a)
a.extend([20,17,0])
print(a)
del a[2]
print(a)
print(stddev(a))
print(tuple(a))