vb.net 教程 3-10 窗体编程 datagridview控件 7 修改单元格

原创 于 2019-05-14 22:42:05 发布 · 2.1k 阅读 · 8 ·
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#vb.net #datagridview

本文详细介绍如何在DataGridView中操作单元格，包括获取和修改单元格内容及样式的方法。涵盖选择单元格、读取单元格信息、调整单元格属性等实用技巧。

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这里要学习的修改单元格，包括两个方面的内容：一是修改单元格内容；二是修改单元格的样式。

1、获得某个单元格：
方法一：获得当前活动状态的单元格：
DataGridView.CurrentCell  获取或设置当前处于活动状态的单元格，当多个单元格被选中时，值是最后一个被选中的单元格。
方法二：获得选中所有单元格：
DataGridView.SelectedCells
可以用 DataGridView.SelectedCells(0) 获得选中单元格中最左上角的那个单元格
可以用 DataGridView.SelectedCells(dgv.SelectedCells.Count - 1) 获得选中单元格中最右下角的那个单元格
方法三：获得指定行号列号的单元格
DataGridView(列号-1,行号-1)

2、通过以上方法获得单元格后，再通过单元格的Value属性获得其内容：
DataGridViewCell.Value

3、通过以上方法获得单元格，获得该单元格在DataGridView.中的位置：
列索引：DataGridViewCell.ColumnIndex
行索引：DataGridViewCell.RowIndex

4、判断单元格是否可以手动修改：
DataGridViewCell.ReadOnly

5、调整单元格的属性
调整前景色：DataGridViewCell.Style.ForeColor
调整背景色：DataGridViewCell.Style.BackColor
调整文本对齐方式：DataGridViewCell.Style.Alignment
调整文本字体：DataGridViewCell.Style.Font.FontFamily.Name
调整文本大小：DataGridViewCell.Style.Font.SizeInPoints
调整文本样式：DataGridViewCell.Style.Font.Style

6、当你直接用第5条的内容去获得前景色、背景色的话，你会发现获得的颜色是Empty，而获得字体之类，会产生错误：未将对象引用设置到对象的实例。所以，在使用以上属性前，必须要判断单元格是否具有 Style 属性：
DataGridViewCell.HasStyle

具体获得单元格信息的代码如下：

   '获得选中的单元格信息
    Private Sub Button3_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles Button3.Click
        Dim selCell As DataGridViewCell
        selCell = dgv.CurrentCell
        lblCellInfoColIndex.Text = selCell.ColumnIndex
        lblCellInfoRowIndex.Text = selCell.RowIndex


        txtCellInfoValue.Text = selCell.Value
        cbCellInfoReadonly.Checked = selCell.ReadOnly

        If selCell.HasStyle Then
            Select Case selCell.Style.ForeColor
                Case Color.Empty
                    cbCellInfoForeColor.Text = "透明"
                Case Color.Red
                    cbCellInfoForeColor.Text = "红色"
                Case Color.Green
                    cbCellInfoForeColor.Text = "绿色"
                Case Color.Blue
                    cbCellInfoForeColor.Text = "蓝色"
                Case Color.Yellow
                    cbCellInfoForeColor.Text = "黄色"
                Case Color.White
                    cbCellInfoForeColor.Text = "白色"
                Case Color.Black
                    cbCellInfoForeColor.Text = "黑色"
                Case Else
                    cbCellInfoForeColor.Text = "其他"
            End Select

            Select Case selCell.Style.BackColor
                Case Color.Empty
                    cbCellInfoBackColor.Text = "透明"
                Case Color.Red
                    cbCellInfoBackColor.Text = "红色"
                Case Color.Green
                    cbCellInfoBackColor.Text = "绿色"
                Case Color.Blue
                    cbCellInfoBackColor.Text = "蓝色"
                Case Color.Yellow
                    cbCellInfoBackColor.Text = "黄色"
                Case Color.White
                    cbCellInfoBackColor.Text = "白色"
                Case Color.Black
                    cbCellInfoBackColor.Text = "黑色"
                Case Else
                    cbCellInfoBackColor.Text = "其他"
            End Select

            Select Case selCell.Style.Alignment
                Case DataGridViewContentAlignment.TopLeft
                    cbCellInfoAlign.Text = "上左"
                Case DataGridViewContentAlignment.TopCenter
                    cbCellInfoAlign.Text = "上中"
                Case DataGridViewContentAlignment.TopRight
                    cbCellInfoAlign.Text = "上右"
                Case DataGridViewContentAlignment.MiddleLeft
                    cbCellInfoAlign.Text = "中左"
                Case DataGridViewContentAlignment.MiddleCenter
                    cbCellInfoAlign.Text = "居中"
                Case DataGridViewContentAlignment.MiddleRight
                    cbCellInfoAlign.Text = "中右"
                Case DataGridViewContentAlignment.BottomLeft
                    cbCellInfoAlign.Text = "下左"
                Case DataGridViewContentAlignment.BottomCenter
                    cbCellInfoAlign.Text = "下中"
                Case DataGridViewContentAlignment.BottomRight
                    cbCellInfoAlign.Text = "下右"
                Case Else
                    cbCellInfoAlign.Text = "未设定"
            End Select

            Select Case selCell.Style.Font.FontFamily.Name
                Case "仿宋"
                    cbCellInfoFontName.Text = "仿宋"
                Case "楷体"
                    cbCellInfoFontName.Text = "楷体"
                Case "隶书"
                    cbCellInfoFontName.Text = "隶书"
                Case "黑体"
                    cbCellInfoFontName.Text = "黑体"
                Case Else
                    cbCellInfoFontName.Text = "仿宋"
            End Select

            cbCellInfoFontSize.Text = selCell.Style.Font.SizeInPoints
            Select Case selCell.Style.Font.Style
                Case FontStyle.Regular
                    cbCellInfoFontStyle.Text = "正常"
                Case FontStyle.Bold
                    cbCellInfoFontStyle.Text = "加粗"
                Case FontStyle.Italic
                    cbCellInfoFontStyle.Text = "倾斜"
                Case FontStyle.Underline
                    cbCellInfoFontStyle.Text = "下划线"
                Case FontStyle.Strikeout
                    cbCellInfoFontStyle.Text = "删除线"
            End Select
        Else
            cbCellInfoForeColor.Text = "透明"
            cbCellInfoBackColor.Text = "透明"
            cbCellInfoAlign.Text = "未设定"
            cbCellInfoFontName.Text = ""
            cbCellInfoFontStyle.Text = ""
            cbCellInfoFontSize.Text = ""
        End If

    End Sub

运行如下图：

那么相应的修改单元格信息的代码如下：

    '修改选中的单元格信息
    Private Sub btnCellInfoEdit_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles btnCellInfoEdit.Click
        Dim ColumnIndex, RowIndex As Integer

        ColumnIndex = lblCellInfoColIndex.Text
        RowIndex = lblCellInfoRowIndex.Text

        Dim selCell As DataGridViewCell
        selCell = dgv(ColumnIndex, RowIndex)

        selCell.Value = txtCellInfoValue.Text
        selCell.ReadOnly = cbCellInfoReadonly.Checked

        Select Case cbCellInfoForeColor.Text
            Case "透明"
                selCell.Style.ForeColor = Color.Empty
            Case "红色"
                selCell.Style.ForeColor = Color.Red
            Case "绿色"
                selCell.Style.ForeColor = Color.Green
            Case "蓝色"
                selCell.Style.ForeColor = Color.Blue
            Case "黄色"
                selCell.Style.ForeColor = Color.Yellow
            Case "白色"
                selCell.Style.ForeColor = Color.White
            Case "黑色"
                selCell.Style.ForeColor = Color.Black
            Case Else
                selCell.Style.ForeColor = Color.Empty
        End Select

        Select Case cbCellInfoBackColor.Text
            Case "透明"
                selCell.Style.BackColor = Color.Empty
            Case "红色"
                selCell.Style.BackColor = Color.Red
            Case "绿色"
                selCell.Style.BackColor = Color.Green
            Case "蓝色"
                selCell.Style.BackColor = Color.Blue
            Case "黄色"
                selCell.Style.BackColor = Color.Yellow
            Case "白色"
                selCell.Style.BackColor = Color.White
            Case "黑色"
                selCell.Style.BackColor = Color.Black
            Case Else
                selCell.Style.BackColor = Color.Empty
        End Select

        Select Case cbCellInfoAlign.Text
            Case "上左"
                selCell.Style.Alignment = DataGridViewContentAlignment.TopLeft
            Case "上中"
                selCell.Style.Alignment = DataGridViewContentAlignment.TopCenter
            Case "上右"
                selCell.Style.Alignment = DataGridViewContentAlignment.TopRight
            Case "中左"
                selCell.Style.Alignment = DataGridViewContentAlignment.MiddleLeft
            Case "居中"
                selCell.Style.Alignment = DataGridViewContentAlignment.MiddleCenter
            Case "中右"
                selCell.Style.Alignment = DataGridViewContentAlignment.MiddleRight
            Case "下左"
                selCell.Style.Alignment = DataGridViewContentAlignment.BottomLeft
            Case "下中"
                selCell.Style.Alignment = DataGridViewContentAlignment.BottomCenter
            Case "下右"
                selCell.Style.Alignment = DataGridViewContentAlignment.BottomRight
        End Select

        Dim fName As String = cbCellInfoFontName.Text
        Dim fFamilly As New FontFamily(fName)

        Dim fStyle As FontStyle
        Select Case cbCellInfoFontStyle.Text
            Case "正常"
                fStyle = FontStyle.Regular
            Case "加粗"
                fStyle = FontStyle.Bold
            Case "倾斜"
                fStyle = FontStyle.Italic
            Case "下划线"
                fStyle = FontStyle.Underline
            Case "删除线"
                fStyle = FontStyle.Strikeout
        End Select

        Dim newFont As New Font(fFamilly, CType(cbCellInfoFontSize.Text, Single), fStyle)
        selCell.Style.Font = newFont

    End Sub

运行如下图：

由于.net平台下C#和vb.NET很相似，本文也可以为C#爱好者提供参考。

学习更多vb.net知识，请参看vb.net 教程 目录

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