使用JPA repository的findBy时，null指针异常问题

JPA findBy 参数判空

package com.kucun.Service; import java.io.Serializable; import java.lang.reflect.Field; import java.util.*; import java.util.stream.Collectors; import javax.persistence.EntityNotFoundException; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException; import org.springframework.data.domain.Example; import org.springframework.data.domain.ExampleMatcher; import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import com.kucun.data.entity.*; import com.kucun.dataDo.*; @Service public class AppService { // 自动注入所有依赖 @Autowired private KucunRepository kucunRepository; @Autowired private DynamicRepositoryService repositoryService; @Autowired private EntityDependencyService dependencyService; /** * 获取所有实体类型的数据 * @return 包含所有实体数据的Map */ public Information getAllData() { Map<String, Object> response = new HashMap<>(); repositoryService.getRepositoryNameMap().forEach((key, repo) -> response.put(key + "s", repo.findAll()) ); return Information.NewSuccess(response); } /** * 获取指定实体类型的所有数据 * @param entityName 实体名称 * @return 实体数据列表 */ public Information getEntityData(String entityName) { JpaRepository<?, ?> repo = repositoryService.getJpaRepository(entityName); return Information.NewSuccess(repo.findAll()); } /** * 添加新实体 * @param entity 要添加的实体对象 * @return 添加结果 */ public Information addEntity(Object entity) { try { // 处理关联字段 handleAssociations(entity); // 获取对应的Repository并保存 JpaRepository<Object, Serializable> repo = (JpaRepository<Object, Serializable>) repositoryService.getJpaRepository(entity.getClass()); Object savedEntity = repo.save(entity); // 如果是板材，初始化库存 if (savedEntity instanceof Bancai) { initializeKucunForBancai((Bancai) savedEntity); } return Information.NewSuccess(savedEntity); } catch (Exception ex) { return Information.Newfail(500, "创建失败: " + ex.getMessage(), null); } } /** * 更新实体 * @param entity 包含ID的实体对象 * @return 更新结果 */ public Information updateEntity(Object entity) { if (entity == null) { return Information.Newfail(403, "参数为空", null); } try { // 获取ID字段 Field idField = entity.getClass().getDeclaredField("id"); idField.setAccessible(true); Object idValue = idField.get(entity); if (idValue == null) { return Information.Newfail(403, "ID为空", null); } // 获取Repository和现有实体 JpaRepository<Object, Serializable> repo = (JpaRepository<Object, Serializable>) repositoryService.getJpaRepository(entity.getClass()); Object existingEntity = repo.findById((Serializable) idValue) .orElseThrow(() -> new RuntimeException("实体不存在")); // 复制非空属性并保存 copyNonNullProperties(entity, existingEntity); return Information.NewSuccess(repo.save(existingEntity)); } catch (Exception ex) { return Information.Newfail(500, "更新失败: " + ex.getMessage(), null); } } /** * 删除实体 * @param entity 要删除的实体 * @return 删除结果 */ public Information deleteEntity(EntityBasis entity) { if (entity == null) { return Information.NewFail("删除对象不能为空"); } try { String entityName = entity.getClass().getSimpleName().toLowerCase(); JpaRepository<Object, Serializable> repo = (JpaRepository<Object, Serializable>) repositoryService.getJpaRepository(entityName); // 先加载完整实体（关键步骤） Object fullEntity = repo.findById(entity.getId()) .orElseThrow(() -> new EntityNotFoundException("实体不存在")); if(entity instanceof Bancai) { if(((Bancai)fullEntity).getKucun().getShuliang()>0) { return Information.NewFail("库存不为零，无法删除"); } } // 检查依赖关系 if (dependencyService.hasDependencies(entity.getClass(), entity.getId())) { return Information.NewFail("该记录已被引用，无法删除"); } // 使用实体对象删除（触发级联操作） repo.delete(fullEntity); return Information.NewSuccess("删除成功"); } catch (Exception e) { return Information.NewFail("删除错误: " + e.getMessage()); } } /** * 动态查询实体 * @param entity 包含查询条件的实体对象 * @return 查询结果 */ public <T> Information queryEntity(T entity) { if (entity == null) { return Information.NewFail("查询参数不能为空"); } try { JpaRepository<T, ?> repo = (JpaRepository<T, ?>) repositoryService.getJpaRepository(entity.getClass()); Example<T> example = Example.of(entity, ExampleMatcher.matching() .withIgnoreNullValues() .withStringMatcher(ExampleMatcher.StringMatcher.CONTAINING)); return Information.NewSuccess(repo.findAll(example)); } catch (Exception e) { return Information.NewFail("查询失败: " + e.getMessage()); } } // ====================== 私有辅助方法 ====================== /** * 为板材初始化库存 * @param bancai 板材对象 */ private void initializeKucunForBancai(Bancai bancai) throws Exception { Kucun kucun = new Kucun(null, bancai, 0); bancai.setKucun(kucunRepository.save(kucun)); } /** * 处理实体关联关系 * @param entity 要处理的实体 */ private void handleAssociations(Object entity) throws Exception { for (Field field : entity.getClass().getDeclaredFields()) { field.setAccessible(true); Object value = field.get(entity); if (value == null) continue; // 处理 JPA 实体关联 if (value instanceof EntityBasis) { EntityBasis associated = (EntityBasis) value; JpaRepository<Object, Serializable> repo = (JpaRepository<Object, Serializable>) repositoryService.getJpaRepository(associated.getClass().getSimpleName().toLowerCase()); // 只处理已存在实体（不创建新关联） if (associated.getId() != null) { Object managedEntity = repo.findById(associated.getId()) .orElseThrow(() -> new RuntimeException("关联实体不存在")); field.set(entity, managedEntity); } } // 处理集合关联 else if (value instanceof Collection) { List<Object> managedEntities = new ArrayList<>(); for (Object item : (Collection<?>) value) { if (item instanceof EntityBasis) { EntityBasis eb = (EntityBasis) item; JpaRepository<Object, Serializable> repo = (JpaRepository<Object, Serializable>) repositoryService.getJpaRepository(eb.getClass().getSimpleName().toLowerCase()); if (eb.getId() != null) { managedEntities.add(repo.findById(eb.getId()) .orElseThrow(() -> new RuntimeException("关联实体不存在"))); } } } if (!managedEntities.isEmpty()) { field.set(entity, managedEntities); } } } } /** * 复制非空属性 * @param source 源对象 * @param target 目标对象 */ private void copyNonNullProperties(Object source, Object target) throws IllegalAccessException { for (Field field : source.getClass().getDeclaredFields()) { field.setAccessible(true); Object value = field.get(source); // 跳过关联字段和ID字段 if (value != null && !(value instanceof EntityBasis) && !(value instanceof Collection) && !field.getName().equals("id")) { try { Field targetField = target.getClass().getDeclaredField(field.getName()); targetField.setAccessible(true); targetField.set(target, value); } catch (NoSuchFieldException ignored) {} } } } }package com.kucun.controller; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper; import com.kucun.Service.AppService; import com.kucun.data.entity.*; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; import java.util.Collections; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; @RestController @RequestMapping("/app") public class AppController { // Java 8 兼容的实体类型映射 private static final Map<String, Class<?>> ENTITY_MAP; static { Map<String, Class<?>> map = new HashMap<>(); map.put("user", User.class); map.put("bancai", Bancai.class); map.put("caizi", Caizhi.class); map.put("mupi", Mupi.class); map.put("dingdan", Dingdan.class); map.put("zujian", Zujian.class); map.put("chanpin", Chanpin.class); map.put("dingdan_chanpin", Dingdan_chanpin.class); map.put("dingdan_chanpin_zujian", Dingdan_chanpin_zujian.class); map.put("chanpin_zujian", Chanpin_zujian.class); map.put("jinhuo", Jinhuo.class); map.put("kucun", Kucun.class); ENTITY_MAP = Collections.unmodifiableMap(map); } @Autowired private AppService appService; @Autowired private ObjectMapper objectMapper; // ====================== 数据查询 ====================== @GetMapping("/all") public Information getAllData() { return appService.getAllData(); } @GetMapping("/all/{entityType}") public Information getEntityData(@PathVariable String entityType) { return appService.getEntityData(entityType.toLowerCase()); } // ====================== CRUD操作 ====================== @PostMapping("/add/{entityType}") public Information addEntity( @PathVariable String entityType, @RequestBody Map<String, Object> requestBody ) { return handleEntityOperation(entityType, requestBody, "add"); } @PostMapping("/select/{entityType}") public Information queryEntity( @PathVariable String entityType, @RequestBody Map<String, Object> requestBody ) { return handleEntityOperation(entityType, requestBody, "select"); } @PostMapping("/delete/{entityType}") public Information deleteEntity( @PathVariable String entityType, @RequestBody Map<String, Object> requestBody ) { return handleEntityOperation(entityType, requestBody, "delete"); } @PostMapping("/update/{entityType}") public Information updateEntity( @PathVariable String entityType, @RequestBody Map<String, Object> requestBody ) { return handleEntityOperation(entityType, requestBody, "update"); } // ====================== 核心辅助方法 ====================== private Information handleEntityOperation( String entityType, Map<String, Object> requestBody, String operation ) { String normalizedType = entityType.toLowerCase(); Class<?> entityClass = ENTITY_MAP.get(normalizedType); if (entityClass == null) { return Information.NewFail("不支持的实体类型: " + entityType); } try { Object entity = objectMapper.convertValue(requestBody, entityClass); switch (operation) { case "add": return appService.addEntity(entity); case "select": return appService.queryEntity(entity); case "delete": // 确保实体实现了EntityBasis接口 if (entity instanceof EntityBasis) { return appService.deleteEntity((EntityBasis) entity); } else { return Information.NewFail("删除操作需要实体实现EntityBasis接口"); } case "update": return appService.updateEntity(entity); default: return Information.NewFail("无效的操作类型"); } } catch (Exception e) { return Information.NewFail(operation + "操作失败: " + e.getMessage()); } } }package com.kucun.Service; import javax.persistence.EntityManager; import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext; import javax.persistence.metamodel.*; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import java.io.Serializable; import java.util.*; import java.util.stream.Collectors; @Service public class EntityDependencyService { @PersistenceContext private EntityManager entityManager; private final Map<Class<?>, Set<Attribute<?, ?>>> associationCache = new HashMap<>(); /** * 检查实体是否被其他实体引用 * @param entityClass 实体类 * @param entityId 实体ID * @return 存在引用返回true */ public boolean hasDependencies(Class<?> entityClass, Serializable entityId) { Metamodel metamodel = entityManager.getMetamodel(); Set<EntityType<?>> entities = metamodel.getEntities(); for (EntityType<?> entityType : entities) { // 跳过自身（避免自引用检查） if (entityType.getJavaType().equals(entityClass)) continue; Set<Attribute<?, ?>> associations = getAssociationAttributes(entityType); for (Attribute<?, ?> attr : associations) { if (attr.getJavaType().isAssignableFrom(entityClass)) { if (isReferenced(entityType, attr, entityId)) { return true; } } } } return false; } /** * 获取实体所有关联属性（带缓存） */ private Set<Attribute<?, ?>> getAssociationAttributes(EntityType<?> entityType) { return associationCache.computeIfAbsent(entityType.getJavaType(), k -> entityType.getAttributes().stream() .filter(Attribute::isAssociation) .collect(Collectors.toSet()) ); } /** * 检查特定关联是否引用目标实体 */ private boolean isReferenced(EntityType<?> entityType, Attribute<?, ?> attribute, Serializable targetId) { String jpql = buildReferenceQuery(entityType, attribute); Long count = (Long) entityManager.createQuery(jpql) .setParameter("targetId", targetId) .getSingleResult(); return count > 0; } /** * 构建引用检查查询 */ private String buildReferenceQuery(EntityType<?> entityType, Attribute<?, ?> attribute) { String entityName = entityType.getName(); String attrName = attribute.getName(); if (attribute instanceof PluralAttribute) { return String.format("SELECT COUNT(e) FROM %s e WHERE :targetId MEMBER OF e.%s", entityName, attrName); } else { return String.format("SELECT COUNT(e) FROM %s e WHERE e.%s.id = :targetId", entityName, attrName); } } }package com.kucun.Service; import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType; import java.lang.reflect.Type; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; @Service public class DynamicRepositoryService { private final Map<Class<?>, JpaRepository<?, ?>> repositoryMap = new HashMap<>(); private final Map<String, JpaRepository<?, ?>> repositoryNameMap = new HashMap<>(); public Map<String, JpaRepository<?, ?>> getRepositoryNameMap() { return repositoryNameMap; } public Map<Class<?>, JpaRepository<?, ?>> getRepositoryMap() { return repositoryMap; } public JpaRepository<?,?> getJpaRepository(String e){ // System.out.println("String:"+e+mapToString(repositoryNameMap)); return repositoryNameMap.get(e); } public JpaRepository<?,?> getJpaRepository(Class<?> e){ // System.out.println("Class:"+e+mapToString(repositoryMap)); // System.out.println("Class:"+e); return repositoryMap.get(e); } // 自动注入所有JpaRepository实例 @Autowired public void initRepositories(Map<String, JpaRepository<?, ?>> repositories) { repositories.forEach((name, repo) -> { // 获取代理类实现的接口 Class<?>[] interfaces = repo.getClass().getInterfaces(); for (Class<?> iface : interfaces) { // 扫描接口上的泛型信息 Type[] genericInterfaces = iface.getGenericInterfaces(); for (Type type : genericInterfaces) { if (type instanceof ParameterizedType) { ParameterizedType pt = (ParameterizedType) type; // 检查原始类型是否是JpaRepository if (pt.getRawType().equals(JpaRepository.class)) { Type[] args = pt.getActualTypeArguments(); if (args.length >= 2 && args[0] instanceof Class) { Class<?> entityClass = (Class<?>) args[0]; repositoryMap.put(entityClass, repo); String key = entityClass.getSimpleName().toLowerCase(); repositoryNameMap.put(key, repo); // 调试日志 System.out.printf("Mapped %s -> %s [key: %s]%n", entityClass.getName(), repo.getClass().getName(), key); } } } } // 检查接口本身的泛型签名（如果继承的是参数化接口） Type genericSuper = iface.getGenericSuperclass(); if (genericSuper instanceof ParameterizedType) { ParameterizedType pt = (ParameterizedType) genericSuper; if (pt.getRawType().equals(JpaRepository.class)) { Type[] args = pt.getActualTypeArguments(); if (args.length >= 2 && args[0] instanceof Class) { Class<?> entityClass = (Class<?>) args[0]; repositoryMap.put(entityClass, repo); String key = entityClass.getSimpleName().toLowerCase(); repositoryNameMap.put(key, repo); // 调试日志 System.out.printf("Mapped %s -> %s [key: %s]%n", entityClass.getName(), repo.getClass().getName(), key); } } } } }); } // 通用保存方法 public <T> T saveEntity(T entity) { JpaRepository<T, ?> repo = (JpaRepository<T, ?>) repositoryMap.get(entity.getClass()); if (repo != null) { return repo.save(entity); } throw new IllegalArgumentException("Repository not found for " + entity.getClass()); } public static String mapToString(Map<?, ?> map) { if (map == null || map.isEmpty()) { return ""; } StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); for (Map.Entry<?, ?> entry : map.entrySet()) { sb.append(entry.getKey()).append("=").append(entry.getValue()).append(","); } // 删除最后一个多余的逗号 if (sb.length() > 0) { sb.setLength(sb.length() - 1); } return sb.toString(); } }package com.kucun.data.entity; import java.lang.annotation.Annotation; import javax.persistence.CascadeType; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.FetchType; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.GenerationType; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.JoinColumn; import javax.persistence.ManyToOne; import javax.persistence.OneToOne; import javax.persistence.Table; import com.kucun.data.entity.DTO.*; import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonBackReference; import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonManagedReference; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonSerialize; /** * 板材 * @author Administrator * */ @Entity @Table(name="bancai") @JsonSerialize(using = FullEntitySerializer.class) public class Bancai implements EntityBasis { @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) private Integer id; @ManyToOne(cascade = CascadeType.ALL, fetch = FetchType.LAZY) @JoinColumn(name = "caizhi_id") // private Caizhi caizhi; @ManyToOne(cascade = CascadeType.ALL, fetch = FetchType.LAZY) @JoinColumn(name = "mupi1_id") private Mupi mupi1; @ManyToOne(cascade = CascadeType.ALL, fetch = FetchType.LAZY) @JoinColumn(name = "mupi2_id") private Mupi mupi2; private Double houdu; @OneToOne( cascade = CascadeType.ALL, orphanRemoval = true, // 添加此配置 fetch = FetchType.LAZY ) @JoinColumn(name = "kucun_id", referencedColumnName = "id") private Kucun kucun; public Kucun getKucun() { return kucun; } public void setKucun(Kucun kucun) { this.kucun = kucun; } public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public Caizhi getCaizhi() { return caizhi; } public void setCaizhi(Caizhi caizhi) { this.caizhi = caizhi; } public Mupi getMupi1() { return mupi1; } public void setMupi1(Mupi mupi1) { this.mupi1 = mupi1; } public Mupi getMupi2() { return mupi2; } public void setMupi2(Mupi mupi2) { this.mupi2 = mupi2; } public Double getHoudu() { return houdu; } public void setHoudu(Double houdu) { this.houdu = houdu; } public Bancai(int id, Caizhi caizhi, Mupi mupi1, Mupi mupi2, Double houdu) { super(); this.id = id; this.caizhi = caizhi; this.mupi1 = mupi1; this.mupi2 = mupi2; this.houdu = houdu; } public Bancai() { super(); } } package com.kucun.data.entity; import java.util.List; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.OneToMany; import javax.persistence.Table; import javax.persistence.UniqueConstraint; import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore; import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnoreProperties; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonSerialize; import com.kucun.data.entity.DTO.FullEntitySerializer; /** * 板材材质 * @author Administrator * */ @Entity @Table(name="caizhi", uniqueConstraints = { @UniqueConstraint(columnNames = "name") }) @JsonSerialize(using = FullEntitySerializer.class) public class Caizhi extends SimpleEntity implements EntityBasis{ @OneToMany(mappedBy="caizhi") private List<Bancai> bancais; public Caizhi() { super(); } // 添加反向关联维护方法 public void addBancai(Bancai bancai) { bancais.add(bancai); bancai.setCaizhi(this); } // 添加移除方法 public void removeBancai(Bancai bancai) { bancais.remove(bancai); bancai.setCaizhi(null); } public List<Bancai> getBancais() { return bancais; } public void setBancais(List<Bancai> bancais) { this.bancais = bancais; } } package com.kucun.data.entity; import java.util.List; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.ManyToMany; import javax.persistence.OneToMany; import javax.persistence.Table; import javax.persistence.UniqueConstraint; import org.hibernate.annotations.Type; import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore; import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnoreProperties; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonSerialize; import com.kucun.data.entity.DTO.FullEntitySerializer; /** * 木皮 * @author Administrator * */ @Entity @Table(name="mupi", uniqueConstraints = { @UniqueConstraint(columnNames = "name") }) @JsonSerialize(using = FullEntitySerializer.class) public class Mupi extends SimpleEntity implements EntityBasis{ /** * 是否有油漆 */ @Column(name="you") @Type(type = "org.hibernate.type.BooleanType") private Boolean you; // 添加 OneToMany 映射 @OneToMany(mappedBy = "mupi1") // 指向 Bancai 中的 mupi1 字段 private List<Bancai> bancaisForMupi1; @OneToMany(mappedBy = "mupi2") // 指向 Bancai 中的 mupi2 字段 private List<Bancai> bancaisForMupi2; public List<Bancai> getBancaisForMupi1() { return bancaisForMupi1; } public void setBancaisForMupi1(List<Bancai> bancaisForMupi1) { this.bancaisForMupi1 = bancaisForMupi1; } public List<Bancai> getBancaisForMupi2() { return bancaisForMupi2; } public void setBancaisForMupi2(List<Bancai> bancaisForMupi2) { this.bancaisForMupi2 = bancaisForMupi2; } public Mupi() { super(); } public Boolean getYou() { return you; } public void setYou(Boolean you) { this.you = you; } } 2025-06-17 13:50:08.559 DEBUG 18340 --- [nio-8080-exec-7] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet : POST "/KuCun2/app/delete/bancai", parameters={} 2025-06-17 13:50:08.561 DEBUG 18340 --- [nio-8080-exec-7] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped to com.kucun.controller.AppController#deleteEntity(String, Map) 2025-06-17 13:50:08.567 DEBUG 18340 --- [nio-8080-exec-7] m.m.a.RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor : Read "application/json;charset=UTF-8" to [{id=14}] 2025-06-17 13:50:08.585 DEBUG 18340 --- [nio-8080-exec-7] org.hibernate.SQL : select bancai0_.id as id1_0_0_, bancai0_.caizhi_id as caizhi_i3_0_0_, bancai0_.houdu as houdu2_0_0_, bancai0_.kucun_id as kucun_id4_0_0_, bancai0_.mupi1_id as mupi5_0_0_, bancai0_.mupi2_id as mupi6_0_0_ from bancai bancai0_ where bancai0_.id=? Hibernate: select bancai0_.id as id1_0_0_, bancai0_.caizhi_id as caizhi_i3_0_0_, bancai0_.houdu as houdu2_0_0_, bancai0_.kucun_id as kucun_id4_0_0_, bancai0_.mupi1_id as mupi5_0_0_, bancai0_.mupi2_id as mupi6_0_0_ from bancai bancai0_ where bancai0_.id=? 2025-06-17 13:50:08.590 DEBUG 18340 --- [nio-8080-exec-7] m.m.a.RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor : Using 'application/json', given [*/*] and supported [application/json, application/*+json, application/json, application/*+json] 2025-06-17 13:50:08.591 DEBUG 18340 --- [nio-8080-exec-7] m.m.a.RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor : Writing [com.kucun.data.entity.Information@3dee3314] 2025-06-17 13:50:08.591 DEBUG 18340 --- [nio-8080-exec-7] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet : Completed 200 OK 删除失败：null

jpa 获取最新一条数据的实例代码