Lomsat gelral 树上启发式合并

题目描述

You are given a rooted tree with root in vertex 1 . Each vertex is coloured in some colour.

Let's call colour c dominating in the subtree of vertex v if there are no other colours that appear in the subtree of vertex v more times than colour c . So it's possible that two or more colours will be dominating in the subtree of some vertex.

The subtree of vertex v is the vertex v and all other vertices that contains vertex v in each path to the root.

For each vertex v find the sum of all dominating colours in the subtree of vertex v .

输入格式

The first line contains integer n ( 1<=n<=105 ) — the number of vertices in the tree.

The second line contains n integers ci​ ( 1<=ci​<=n ), ci​ — the colour of the i -th vertex.

Each of the next n−1 lines contains two integers xj​,yj​ ( 1<=xj​,yj​<=n ) — the edge of the tree. The first vertex is the root of the tree.

输出格式

Print n integers — the sums of dominating colours for each vertex.

隐藏翻译

题意翻译

• 有一棵 n 个结点的以 1 号结点为根的有根树。
• 每个结点都有一个颜色，颜色是以编号表示的， i 号结点的颜色编号为 ci​。
• 如果一种颜色在以 x 为根的子树内出现次数最多，称其在以 x 为根的子树中占主导地位。显然，同一子树中可能有多种颜色占主导地位。
• 你的任务是对于每一个 i∈[1,n]，求出以 i 为根的子树中，占主导地位的颜色的编号和。
• n≤105,ci​≤n

洛谷崩掉了，cf交的超时，我也不知道怎么办了

好的现在不超时了。dfs_son函数 原本是return int值 改成void就不超时了

原本的单链表存储改成vector了

代码 

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
const int N=1e5+10;
int n,color[N],cnt[N];
int sz[N],son[N],idx=0;
int mx;
ll ans[N],sum;
vector<vector<int>>g(N);

void dfs_son(int u,int father){
	sz[u]=1;
	for(auto i:g[u]){
		if(i==father)continue;
		dfs_son(i,u);
		sz[u]+=sz[i];
		if(sz[i]>sz[son[u]])son[u]=i;
	}
}

void update(int u,int father,int sign,int pson){
	int c=color[u];
	cnt[c]+=sign;
	if(cnt[c]>mx)mx=cnt[c],sum=c;
	else if(cnt[c]==mx)sum+=c;
	for(int i:g[u]){
		if(i==father||i==pson)continue;
		update(i,u,sign,pson);
	}
}

void dfs(int u,int father,int op){
	for(auto i:g[u]){
		if(i==father||i==son[u])continue;
		dfs(i,u,0);
	}
	if(son[u])dfs(son[u],u,1);
	update(u,father,1,son[u]);
	ans[u]=sum;
	if(!op)update(u,father,-1,0),sum=mx=0;
}

int main(){
	ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
	cin>>n;
	for(int i=1;i<=n;++i)cin>>color[i];	
	int x,y;
	for(int i=0;i<n-1;++i){
		cin>>x>>y;
		g[x].push_back(y);
		g[y].push_back(x);
	}
	
	dfs_son(1,0);
	dfs(1,0,1);
	
	for(int i=1;i<=n;++i)cout<<ans[i]<<" ";
	return 0;
}

单链表版 

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
const int N=1e5*2+10;
int n,color[N],cnt[N];
int h[N],e[N],ne[N],sz[N],son[N],idx=0;
int mx;
ll ans[N],sum;

void add(int x,int y){
	e[idx]=y,ne[idx]=h[x],h[x]=idx++;
}

void dfs_son(int u,int father){
	sz[u]=1;
	for(int i=h[u];~i;i=ne[i]){
		int j=e[i];
		if(j==father)continue;
		dfs_son(j,u);
		sz[u]+=sz[j];
		if(sz[j]>sz[son[u]])son[u]=j;
	}
}

void update(int u,int father,int sign,int pson){
	int c=color[u];
	cnt[c]+=sign;
	if(cnt[c]>mx)mx=cnt[c],sum=c;
	else if(cnt[c]==mx)sum+=c;
	for(int i=h[u];~i;i=ne[i]){
		int j=e[i];
		if(j==father||j==pson)continue;
		update(j,u,sign,pson);
	}
}

void dfs(int u,int father,int op){
	for(int i=h[u];~i;i=ne[i]){
		int j=e[i];
		if(j==father||j==son[u])continue;
		dfs(j,u,0);
	}
	if(son[u])dfs(son[u],u,1);
	update(u,father,1,son[u]);
	ans[u]=sum;
	if(!op)update(u,father,-1,0),sum=mx=0;
}

int main(){
	scanf("%d",&n);
	for(int i=1;i<=n;++i)scanf("%d",&color[i]);
	memset(h,-1,sizeof(h));
	
	int x,y;
	for(int i=0;i<n-1;++i){
		scanf("%d%d",&x,&y);
		add(x,y);add(y,x);
	}
	
	dfs_son(1,-1);
	dfs(1,-1,1);
	
	for(int i=1;i<=n;++i)printf("%lld ",ans[i]);
	return 0;
}