非对称加密工具类

package com.zyh.test.utils;

import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import java.security.*;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @Description // TODO 非对称加密
 * @Author zyh
 * @Date 2021/05/26 11:03
 */

public class RSACoderUtils {

    // 非对称密钥算法
    public static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "RSA";

    /**
     * 密钥长度，DH算法的默认密钥长度是1024
     * 密钥长度必须是64的倍数，在512到65536位之间
     */
    private static final int KEY_SIZE = 512;
    // 公钥
    private static final String PUBLIC_KEY = "zxcjjggqwe14764e";
    // 私钥
    private static final String PRIVATE_KEY = "nfguwr523rhfdn6s";

    /**
     * 初始化密钥对
     *
     * @return Map
     */
    public static Map<String, Object> initKey() throws Exception {
        // 实例化密钥生成器
        KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
        // 初始化密钥生成器
        keyPairGenerator.initialize(KEY_SIZE);
        // 生成密钥对
        KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair();
        // 公钥
        RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();
        // 私钥
        RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();
        // 将密钥存储在map中
        Map<String, Object> keyMap = new HashMap<>();
        keyMap.put(PUBLIC_KEY, publicKey);
        keyMap.put(PRIVATE_KEY, privateKey);
        return keyMap;
    }


    /**
     * 私钥加密
     *
     * @param data      待加密数据
     * @param key       密钥
     * @return byte[]   加密数据
     */
    public static byte[] encryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, byte[] key) throws Exception {
        // 取得私钥
        PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(key);
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
        // 生成私钥
        PrivateKey privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
        // 数据加密
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
        return cipher.doFinal(data);
    }

    /**
     * 公钥加密
     *
     * @param data      待加密数据
     * @param key       密钥
     * @return byte[]   加密数据
     */
    public static byte[] encryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, byte[] key) throws Exception {
        // 实例化密钥工厂
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
        // 初始化公钥
        // 密钥材料转换
        X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(key);
        // 产生公钥
        PublicKey pubKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec);

        // 数据加密
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, pubKey);
        return cipher.doFinal(data);
    }

    /**
     * 私钥解密
     *
     * @param data      待解密数据
     * @param key       密钥
     * @return byte[]   解密数据
     */
    public static byte[] decryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, byte[] key) throws Exception {
        // 取得私钥
        PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(key);
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
        // 生成私钥
        PrivateKey privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
        // 数据解密
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
        return cipher.doFinal(data);
    }

    /**
     * 公钥解密
     *
     * @param data      待解密数据
     * @param key       密钥
     * @return byte[]   解密数据
     */
    public static byte[] decryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, byte[] key) throws Exception {
        // 实例化密钥工厂
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
        // 初始化公钥
        // 密钥材料转换
        X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(key);
        // 产生公钥
        PublicKey pubKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec);
        // 数据解密
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, pubKey);
        return cipher.doFinal(data);
    }

    /**
     * 取得私钥
     *
     * @param keyMap    密钥map
     * @return byte[]   私钥
     */
    public static byte[] getPrivateKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap) {
        Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PRIVATE_KEY);
        return key.getEncoded();
    }

    /**
     * 取得公钥
     *
     * @param keyMap    密钥map
     * @return byte[]   公钥
     */
    public static byte[] getPublicKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap) {
        Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PUBLIC_KEY);
        return key.getEncoded();
    }

    /**
     * 测试
     *
     * @param args
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // 初始化密钥
        // 生成密钥对
        Map<String, Object> keyMap = RSACoderUtils.initKey();
        // 公钥
        byte[] publicKey = RSACoderUtils.getPublicKey(keyMap);
        // 私钥
        byte[] privateKey = RSACoderUtils.getPrivateKey(keyMap);
        System.out.println("公钥：" + Base64.encodeBase64String(publicKey));
        System.out.println("私钥：" + Base64.encodeBase64String(privateKey));

        String str = "123";
        System.out.println("原文:" + str);
        // 前端使用公钥对数据进行加密
        byte[] code = RSACoderUtils.encryptByPublicKey(str.getBytes(), publicKey);
        System.out.println("==========前端使用公钥对数据进行加密==========");
        System.out.println("前端加密后的数据：" + Base64.encodeBase64String(code));

        System.out.println("==========前端将加密后数据传送给后端==========");
        System.out.println("==========后端使用私钥对数据进行解密==========");

        // 后端使用私钥对数据进行解密
        byte[] decode = RSACoderUtils.decryptByPrivateKey(code, privateKey);
        System.out.println("后端解密后的数据：" + new String(decode));
    }

}