socket广播报文收发简单梳理_socket发送广播报文-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/a3876247995/article/details/123763012

本文介绍了一种使用UDP实现广播通信的方法。通过设置SO_BROADCAST选项，客户端可以向网络中的所有主机发送广播消息。服务端无需开启该选项即可接收这些广播数据。文章提供了服务端和客户端的代码示例。

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文章目录

概述
服务端代码
客户端代码

概述

socket默认不支持发送广播报文，通过SO_BROADCAST选项的设置，开启广播发送功能。简单总结一下广播报文收发的规律：

客户端socket开启SO_BROADCAST选项后才能发送广播报文，否则调用sendto会报错
服务端无需开启SO_BROADCAST
服务端bind单播地址时，不接受客户端的广播数据，仅接受目的地址为单播地址的报文
服务端bind广播地址时，接收客户端的广播数据
服务端bind通用地址INADDR_ANY时，既能够接收客户端的单播报文，也能接收广播报文

服务端代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <string.h>

int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	int sockfd, opt, n;
	struct sockaddr_in servaddr, cliaddr;
	char buff[256];
	socklen_t cliaddrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
	
	sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
	
	bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
	bzero(&cliaddr, sizeof(cliaddr));
	servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htons(INADDR_ANY);// --> network short
	//inet_pton(AF_INET, "192.168.157.144", &(servaddr.sin_addr));
	servaddr.sin_port = htons(13);

	/*
	opt = 1;
	if ((n = setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST, &opt, sizeof(opt))) < 0) {
		perror("setsockopt eror");
	}
	*/
	
	if ((n = bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr))) < 0) {
		perror("bind failed\n");
	}

	for( ; ; ) {	
		recvfrom(sockfd, buff, sizeof(buff), 0, (struct sockaddr *)&cliaddr, &cliaddrlen);
		printf("recv udp from %s\n", inet_ntoa(cliaddr.sin_addr));
	}

	return 0;
}

客户端代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <string.h>

int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	int sockfd, n, opt;
	char recvline[256], sendbuf[256];
	struct sockaddr_in servaddr, cliaddr;

	if (argc != 2) {
		printf("usage: %s <IPaddress>\n", argv[0]);
		return 0;
	}

	if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0) {
		perror("socket error\n");
	}

	bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
	servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	servaddr.sin_port = htons(13);
	if (inet_pton(AF_INET, argv[1], &servaddr.sin_addr) < 0) {
		perror("inet_pton error");
	}
		
	bzero(&cliaddr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
	cliaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	if (inet_pton(AF_INET, "192.168.157.144", &cliaddr.sin_addr) < 0) {
		perror("inet_pton error for cliaddr\n");
	}
		
	
	if ( (n = bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&cliaddr, sizeof(struct sockaddr))) < 0 ) {
		perror("bind failed");
	} 
	
	strncpy(sendbuf, "hello", sizeof(sendbuf));

	opt = 1;
	if ( (n = setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST, &opt, sizeof(opt))) < 0) {
		perror("sesockopt failed");
	}
	if ( (n = sendto(sockfd, sendbuf, sizeof(sendbuf), 0, (struct sockaddr *)&servaddr, sizeof(struct sockaddr))) < 0) {
		perror("sendto failed");
	}
	
	return 0;
}