Bottleneck（瓶颈残差块）代码详解

class Bottleneck(nn.Module):
    expansion = 4  # 输出通道扩展系数
    
    def __init__(self, in_channels, out_channels, stride=1):
        super().__init__()
        # 1. 降维卷积 (1×1)
        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=1, bias=False)
        self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)
        
        # 2. 核心卷积 (3×3)
        self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(out_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=3, 
                               stride=stride, padding=1, bias=False)
        self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels)
        
        # 3. 升维卷积 (1×1)
        self.conv3 = nn.Conv2d(out_channels, out_channels * self.expansion, 
                              kernel_size=1, bias=False)
        self.bn3 = nn.Ba