牛客小白月赛102(1-5)

写在前面:刚来到csdn,写写第一篇题解,菜菜勿骂

本场感受:没怎么学图论直接红温,看完题解发现有个体是板子换根,更红温了

A-序列中的排列

思路

map储存一下,遍历1-k看看有没有都出现即可

代码

void solve() {
    ll n;
    cin >> n;
    map<ll, ll>arr;
    ll k;
    cin >> k;
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
        ll a;
        cin >> a;
        arr[a]++;
    }
    for (int i = 1; i <= k; i++) {
        if (arr[i] == 0) {
            cout << "NO";
            return;
        }
    }
    cout << "YES";
}

B-连分数

思路

        只能说不愧是牛客的傻嘚题,直接递推求极限就可以了

代码 

void solve() {
    cin >> a;
    double ans =(a+sqrtl(a*a+4))/2;
    cout<<fixed<<setprecision(12)<<ans;
    
}

C-sum

思路

        很明显就能够发现,我们对于每个数如果当前的数组的sum的和大于要等于的sum0,那么就需要重大的开始,将其变为-1e4,否则就从小的开始,变成1e4,顺序遍历加分类讨论即可

代码

ll cmp1(ll a, ll b) {
    return a < b;
}
ll cmp2(ll a, ll b) {
    return a > b;
}
ll arr[200030];
void solve() {
    ll n;
    cin >> n;
    ll sum;
    cin >> sum;
    ll sum0 = 0;
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
        cin >> arr[i];
        sum0 = sum0 + arr[i];
    }
    sort(arr + 1, arr + 1 + n, cmp1);
    if (sum0 == sum) {
        cout << "0";
        return;
    }
    if (sum > sum0) {
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
            sum0 = sum0 - arr[i] + (1e4);
            if (sum <= sum0) {
                cout << i;
                return;
            }
        }
        
    }
    else {
        sort(arr + 1, arr + 1 + n, cmp2);
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
            sum0 = sum0 - arr[i] - 1e4;
            if (sum >= sum0) {
                cout << i;
                return;
            }
        }
    }
}

 D-最短?路径

思路

一眼的图上dp,但是没学最短路直接寄,赛后学了一下最短路,我们根据迪杰斯特拉做法,知道对于无向图而言,没有负的权值的时候就去贪心最短的到达原点的点就可以了,然后运用到该题上面,实际上对于每个点我们贪心到达该点的隔了j个点没有休息的最小值,其他的点赋值为最大值,跑一遍迪杰斯特拉算法即可

代码

int dist[N + 1][11];
int st[N + 1][11];
void solve() {
	int n, m, k;
	cin >> n >> m >> k;
	vector<int> a(n + 1);
	for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)cin >> a[i];
	vector<vector<int>> g(n + 1);
	for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++) {
		int u, v;
		cin >> u >> v;
		g[u].push_back(v);
		g[v].push_back(u);
	}
	for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
		for (int j = 0; j <= k; j++) {
			dist[i][j] = 1e18;
			st[i][j] = 0;
		}
	}
	priority_queue<array<int, 3>, vector<array<int, 3>>, greater<>> q;
	if (k != 0) {
		dist[1][1] = 1;
		q.push({ 1, 1, 1 });
	}
	dist[1][0] = a[1];
	q.push({ a[1], 1, 0 });
	while (q.size()) {
		auto [w, i, j] = q.top();
		q.pop();
		if (st[i][j])continue;
		st[i][j] = 1;
		for (auto ne : g[i]) {
			//休息
			if (dist[ne][0] > a[ne] + w) {
				dist[ne][0] = a[ne] + w;
				q.push({ dist[ne][0], ne, 0 });
			}
			//不休息
			if (j + 1 <= k && dist[ne][j + 1] > w + 1) {
				dist[ne][j + 1] = w + 1;
				q.push({ dist[ne][j + 1], ne, j + 1 });
			}
		}
	}
	int ans = 1e18;
	for (int i = 0; i <= k; i++)ans = min(ans, dist[n][i]);
	cout << ans ;
}

 E-k-路径

思路

赛时没有看出来,觉得人少没有尝试,但赛后补题时发现是一个很板子的题,我们对于每个点而言,都去跑一边最大路径,也就是经过该点的最长路,利用换根dp来优化一下时间为o(n),其次,我们定义两个数组维护到达该点的最大值和次大值,然后,我们利用第三个数组维护从树的根部到该点的最长路,最后将每个点的c值顺序遍历一遍即可

 代码

vector<ll>arr[N];
vector<ll>dp1(N);
vector<ll>dp2(N);
vector<ll>dp3(N);//代表父亲节点上面的最大值
vector<ll>c(N);
vector<ll>w(N);
vector<ll>ans(N);
void maxx(ll& a, ll& b, ll  c) {
    if (c > a) {
        b = a;
        a = c;
    }
    else if (c > b) {
        b = c;
    }
}
void dfs(ll u, ll v) {
    for (auto now : arr[u]) {
        if (now != v) {
            dfs(now, u);
            maxx(dp1[u], dp2[u], dp1[now] + w[now]);
        }
    }
}
void dfs2(ll u, ll v) {
    if (u != 1) {
        maxx(dp1[u], dp2[u], dp3[u]);
    }
    for (auto now : arr[u]) {
        if (now != v) {
            if (dp1[u] != dp2[u] && dp1[u] == dp1[now] + w[now]) {
                dp3[now] = dp2[u] + w[u];
            }
            else { 
                dp3[now] = dp1[u] + w[u]; 
            }
            dfs2(now, u);
        }
    }
}
void solve() {
    ll n;
    cin >> n;
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
        arr[i].clear();
    }
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
        cin >> c[i];
    }
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
        cin >> w[i];
        dp1[i] = 0;
        dp2[i] = 0;
        ans[i] = -1e18;//记录每个点的最小值
    }
    for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
        ll a, b;
        cin >> a >> b;
        arr[a].push_back(b);
        arr[b].push_back(a);
    }
    dfs(1, 0);
    dfs2(1, 0);
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
        ans[c[i]] = max(ans[c[i]], w[i] + dp1[i] + dp2[i]);
    }
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
        if (ans[i] != -1e18) {
            cout << ans[i] << ' ';
        }
        else {
            cout << -1 << ' ';
        }
    }
    
  
}

其他的就不会喽

### 关于小白109的信息 目前并未找到关于小白109的具体比信息或题解内容[^5]。然而,可以推测该事可能属于网举办的系列算法之一,通常这类比会涉及数据结构、动态规划、图论等经典算法问题。 如果要准备类似的事,可以通过分析其他场次的比题目来提升自己的能力。例如,在小白13中,有一道与二叉树相关的题目,其核心在于处理树的操作以及统计最终的结果[^3]。通过研究此类问题的解决方法,能够帮助理解如何高效地设计算法并优化时间复杂度。 以下是基于已有经验的一个通用解决方案框架用于应对类似场景下的批量更新操作: ```python class TreeNode: def __init__(self, id): self.id = id self.weight = 0 self.children = [] def build_tree(n): nodes = [TreeNode(i) for i in range(1, n + 1)] for node in nodes: if 2 * node.id <= n: node.children.append(nodes[2 * node.id - 1]) if 2 * node.id + 1 <= n: node.children.append(nodes[2 * node.id]) return nodes[0] def apply_operations(root, operations, m): from collections import defaultdict counts = defaultdict(int) def update_subtree(node, delta): stack = [node] while stack: current = stack.pop() current.weight += delta counts[current.weight] += 1 for child in current.children: stack.append(child) def exclude_subtree(node, total_nodes, delta): nonlocal root stack = [(root, False)] # (current_node, visited) subtree_size = set() while stack: current, visited = stack.pop() if not visited and current != node: stack.append((current, True)) for child in current.children: stack.append((child, False)) elif visited or current == node: if current != node: subtree_size.add(current.id) all_ids = {i for i in range(1, total_nodes + 1)} outside_ids = all_ids.difference(subtree_size.union({node.id})) for idx in outside_ids: nodes[idx].weight += delta counts[nodes[idx].weight] += 1 global nodes nodes = {} queue = [root] while queue: curr = queue.pop(0) nodes[curr.id] = curr for c in curr.children: queue.append(c) for operation in operations: op_type, x = operation.split(' ') x = int(x) target_node = nodes.get(x, None) if not target_node: continue if op_type == '1': update_subtree(target_node, 1) elif op_type == '2' and target_node is not None: exclude_subtree(target_node, n, 1) elif op_type == '3': path_to_root = [] temp = target_node while temp: path_to_root.append(temp) if temp.id % 2 == 0: parent_id = temp.id // 2 else: parent_id = (temp.id - 1) // 2 if parent_id >= 1: temp = nodes[parent_id] else: break for p in path_to_root: p.weight += 1 counts[p.weight] += 1 elif op_type == '4': pass # Implement similarly to other cases. result = [counts[i] for i in range(m + 1)] return result ``` 上述代码片段展示了针对特定类型的树形结构及其操作的一种实现方式。尽管它并非直接对应小白109中的具体题目,但它提供了一个可借鉴的设计思路。 ####
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