Qt Essentials 认证考试复习要点

摘自： http://qt.nokia.com/developer/learning/qt-curriculum/qt-essentials

Fundamentals of Qt programming

UI and cross-platform libraries

• Learn the difference between a native APIs and cross platform APIs
• Know the difference between toolkits and frameworks
• Understanding the reasoning for portable software

First development steps

• Learn how to write a simple Qt application
• Understand the need for layout management
• Be able to find answers to questions about Qt
• Learn how to use qmake

• Understand the fundamentals of QObject

• Be able to use Qt properties and other core features provided by the Qt's meta-type system

Memory management

• Understand where and when Qt deletes objects
• Know when a developer is responsible for providing code deleting allocated objects
• Understand when heap and stack allocation are used in Qt

• Be able to create and manage a Qt project via *.pro files
• Know key facts about the Qt build process and the tools used (qmake, moc, Makefiles)
• Learn how to use Qt with Qt Creator and supported IDEs

• Learn the advantages of signals/slots
• Understand the concept of signal/slots
• Learn how to connect signals to slots
• Be able to use and define your own signals/slots

Overview of modules and classes

• Be able to list major Qt modules
• Understand the concept and functionality of a Qt module
• Understand the major APIs provided by different Qt modules

• Understand the advantages of portable software
• Know the concepts of making software more portable
• Know the limitations of Qt's portability
• Understand how to make your project portable

Developing an application

Events

• Understand the concept of events
• Understand the difference between events and signal/slots
• Be able to implement event handling
• Understand the role of events in painting
• Understand the role of event filters and be able to use them
• Understand the concept of event propagation
• Learn how to post/send events
• Be able to create/send/handle custom events

Basic drawing

• Learn how to draw on widgets
• Understand the difference between QPixmap, QImage and QPicture
• Be able to load an image from a file

Main windows and actions

• Know how to use QMainWindow
• Know how to implement a menu
• Be able to use tool bars and status bars
• Understand the concept of Actions
• Know how to use QVariant to store data in Actions
• Understand the usage of scrolled areas

• Know how to store application settings in different formats with the help of QSettings
• Be aware of and be able to control the storage location of settings on different platforms

Qt debugging aids

• Be able to write debug messages
• Understand the usage of asserts
• Be able to use GDB with Qt
• Understand why event filters can be helpful for debugging

Writing your own widgets

• Know when it is better to write a custom widget
• Be able to re-implement event handler methods
• Understand when to use signals
• Be able to decide which internal variables should be made accessible
• Understand the importance of clean constructors

Using dialogs and handling UI Layout

Geometry management

• Learn how to manipulate the geometry of a widget
• Understand the concepts behind a layout manager in Qt
• Know and understand the various layout managers
• Learn how to use widgets with layout a managers
• Be able to develop own dialog with layouts

Standard dialogs

• Know the various standard dialog types
• Understand the usage of standard dialogs
• Be able to use these dialogs
• Understand how processing of events works with QProgressDialog
• Understand the structure of wizards
• Be able to create your own wizards with pages

Creating your own (custom) dialogs

• Learn how to subclass a QDialog
• Understand the usage of buttons in a dialog
• Be able to launch dialogs (not-) modal
• Know the deletion options for dialogs
• Be able to create your own dialogs with user interactions

Using Qt Designer and Qt Creator for UI development

• Understand how designer can help in creating widgets
• Understand the concept of designer files
• Be able to load designer code inside your code
• Be able to connect designer elements with business functions
• Know how to manage custom widgets in designer
• Be able to load designer files in runtime
• Be able to write a dialog using the designer tool

Strings, Resources and Help

Strings, URLs and regular expressions

• Learn how to create strings with QString
• Know how to extract data from strings
• Know how to test strings
• Know useful utility functions in QString
• Know the basics about Qt support of translation of strings into other languages
• Understand QUrl and the components of an URL
• Learn how to use QRegExp for regular expression and shell globing

Validating Input

• Be able to set input masks on line edits
• Understand the format for input masks
• Know that QCompleter offer pop-up completion

 Resources

• Understand the advantage of resource files over ordinary files
• Learn how to add resource files to a project
• Know the resource XML file structure
• Be able to access resources from the application
• Know that resource files can be localized
• Learn how to load a resource file dynamically

Help system

• Know the different possibilities to provide help
• Understand the concept of the system tray icon
• Learn how to support dynamic help

Container and other non-GUI classes

Container classes

• Understand the concept of containers
• Know the difference between Java and STL styled  APIs
• Know the different container types
• Be able to identify the best suited container type for your needs
• Know the requirements for a type to be storable in a container
• Be able to iterate of containers
• Know the difference standard and mutable iterators
• Be able to use the for each keyword on containers
• Know the utility container algorithms offered by Qt
• Understand the concept of implicit shared classes

QVariant

• Understand the central role of QVariant for many other container classes
• Know which types are supported by default and be able to store new data types

QSignalMapper

• Understand the concept of signal mapper
• Be able to use QSignalMapper

QTimer

• Understand the concept of QTimer
• Be able to use QTimer
• Understand the different operation modes of timers

• Understand the usage of QFile
• Be able to identify the difference between QDataStream and QTextStream
• Know the related classes for file and directory access
• Be able to read/write from/to files using Qt
• Understand the issue of text encoding and files
• Understand when better to use QDataStream instead of QTextStream
• Be able to print a widget or text document in PDF format using QPrinter