matlab rand 函数_randn('seed',10)-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/clam_clam/article/details/7185386

本文详细解释了MATLAB中rand函数的工作原理及其使用方法。包括如何通过'state'和'seed'参数来初始化随机数生成器的状态，从而实现可重复的随机数序列生成。

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我们经常看到rand('state',10) ,rand('seed',10) 不知道什么意思。
关于rand 具体用法可以输入help rand
>> help rand
RAND Uniformly distributed random numbers.
   RAND(N) is an N-by-N matrix with random entries, chosen from
   a uniform distribution on the interval (0.0,1.0).
   RAND(M,N) and RAND([M,N]) are M-by-N matrices with random entries.
   RAND(M,N,P,...) or RAND([M,N,P,...]) generate random arrays.
   RAND with no arguments is a scalar whose value changes each time it
   is referenced. RAND(SIZE(A)) is the same size as A.

   RAND produces pseudo-random numbers. The sequence of numbers
   generated is determined by the state of the generator. Since MATLAB
   resets the state at start-up, the sequence of numbers generated will
   be the same unless the state is changed.

   S = RAND('state') is a 35-element vector containing the current state
   of the uniform generator. RAND('state',S) resets the state to S.
   RAND('state',0) resets the generator to its initial state.
   RAND('state',J), for integer J, resets the generator to its J-th state.
   RAND('state',sum(100*clock)) resets it to a different state each time.

   This generator can generate all the floating point numbers in the
   closed interval [2^(-53), 1-2^(-53)]. Theoretically, it can generate
   over 2^1492 values before repeating itself.

   MATLAB Version 4.x used random number generators with a single seed.
   RAND('seed',0) and RAND('seed',J) cause the MATLAB 4 generator to be used.
   RAND('seed') returns the current seed of the MATLAB 4 uniform generator.
   RAND('state',J) and RAND('state',S) cause the MATLAB 5 generator to be used.

看了这一大堆英文可能还不如一个例子讲得明白，看下面程序：

>> rand('state',10)
>> a=rand

a =

    0.4493

>> a

a =

    0.4493

>> a=rand

a =

    0.2088

>> rand('state',10) %reset the state to the 10-th state.
>> a=rand

a =

    0.4493 %%从这可以看到又跟开始一样了。所以每次设置rand('state',10)后获得的随机数相同。

>> rand('seed',10)
>> a=rand

a =

    0.1291

>> a

a =

    0.1291

>> rand

ans =

    0.6048

>> rand('seed',10)
>> a=rand

a =

    0.1291  %%又是0.1291