数据库连接池

数据库连接池

1、连接池原理：（面试）

目的：解决建立数据库连接耗费资源和时间很多的问题，提高性能。

2、编写标准的数据源

自定义数据库连接池要实现javax.sql.DataSource接口，一般都叫数据源。

//自定义的连接池，实现了标准的规范,DataSource接口
public class MyDataSource implements DataSource {

     private static LinkedList<Connection> pool = (LinkedList<Connection>) Collections.synchronizedList(new LinkedList<Connection>());
     static{
            for(int i=1;i<=10;i++){
                try {
                    Connection conn = DBUtil.getConnection();
                    pool.add(conn);
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    throw new ExceptionInInitializerError("连接池初始化出事儿");
                }
            }
        }
     //从池子中取出一个Connection对象并返回的方法
    public Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
            Connection conn = null;
            //判断池子是否为空
            if(pool.size()>0){
                conn = pool.removeFirst();//从池子中删除并返回第一个Connection对象
                MyConnection con = new MyConnection(conn,pool);
                return con;
            }else{
                //创建新的Connection对象
                throw new RuntimeException("服务器忙。。。。");
            }
    }
    public PrintWriter getLogWriter() throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public void setLogWriter(PrintWriter out) throws SQLException {}

    public void setLoginTimeout(int seconds) throws SQLException {}

    public int getLoginTimeout() throws SQLException {
        return 0;
    }
    public <T> T unwrap(Class<T> iface) throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public boolean isWrapperFor(Class<?> iface) throws SQLException {
        return false;
    }
    public Connection getConnection(String username, String password)
            throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public Logger getParentLogger() throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException {
        return null;
    }
}

3、编写数据源时遇到的问题及解决办法

a、装饰设计模式：使用频率很高

目的：改写已存在的类的某个方法或某些方法，装饰设计模式（包装模式）
口诀：
1、编写一个类，实现与被包装类相同的接口。（具备相同的行为）
2、定义一个被包装类类型的变量。
3、定义构造方法，把被包装类的对象注入，给被包装类变量赋值。
4、对于不需要改写的方法，调用原有的方法。
5、对于需要改写的方法，写自己的代码。

使用装饰设计模式，改变close方法的功能
(装饰设计模式在之前的文章提到过(http://blog.csdn.net/daliyuan350649623/article/details/52334087))

//使用装饰设计模式，改变close方法的功能
public class MyConnection implements Connection {

    private Connection conn;
    private LinkedList<Connection> pool;

    public MyConnection(Connection conn, LinkedList<Connection> pool) {
        super();
        this.conn = conn;
        this.pool = pool;
    }
    public void close() throws SQLException {
        pool.addLast(conn);
    }
    public <T> T unwrap(Class<T> iface) throws SQLException {
        return conn.unwrap(iface);
    }
    public boolean isWrapperFor(Class<?> iface) throws SQLException {
        return false;
    }
    public Statement createStatement() throws SQLException {
        return conn.createStatement();
    }
    public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String sql) throws SQLException {
        return conn.prepareStatement(sql);
    }
    public CallableStatement prepareCall(String sql) throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public String nativeSQL(String sql) throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public void setAutoCommit(boolean autoCommit) throws SQLException {}
    public boolean getAutoCommit() throws SQLException {
        return false;
    }
    public void commit() throws SQLException {}
    public void rollback() throws SQLException {}
    public boolean isClosed() throws SQLException {
        return false;
    }
    public DatabaseMetaData getMetaData() throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public void setReadOnly(boolean readOnly) throws SQLException {}
    public boolean isReadOnly() throws SQLException {
        return false;
    }
    public void setCatalog(String catalog) throws SQLException {}
    public String getCatalog() throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public void setTransactionIsolation(int level) throws SQLException {}
    public int getTransactionIsolation() throws SQLException {
        return 0;
    }
    public SQLWarning getWarnings() throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public void clearWarnings() throws SQLException {}
    public Statement createStatement(int resultSetType, int resultSetConcurrency)
            throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String sql, int resultSetType,
            int resultSetConcurrency) throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public CallableStatement prepareCall(String sql, int resultSetType,
            int resultSetConcurrency) throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public Map<String, Class<?>> getTypeMap() throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public void setTypeMap(Map<String, Class<?>> map) throws SQLException {}
    public void setHoldability(int holdability) throws SQLException {}
    public int getHoldability() throws SQLException {
        return 0;
    }
    public Savepoint setSavepoint() throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public Savepoint setSavepoint(String name) throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public void rollback(Savepoint savepoint) throws SQLException {}
    public void releaseSavepoint(Savepoint savepoint) throws SQLException {}
    public Statement createStatement(int resultSetType,
            int resultSetConcurrency, int resultSetHoldability)
            throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String sql, int resultSetType,
            int resultSetConcurrency, int resultSetHoldability)
            throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public CallableStatement prepareCall(String sql, int resultSetType,
            int resultSetConcurrency, int resultSetHoldability)
            throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String sql, int autoGeneratedKeys)
            throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String sql, int[] columnIndexes)
            throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String sql, String[] columnNames)
            throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public Clob createClob() throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public Blob createBlob() throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public NClob createNClob() throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public SQLXML createSQLXML() throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public boolean isValid(int timeout) throws SQLException {
        return false;
    }
    public void setClientInfo(String name, String value)
            throws SQLClientInfoException {}
    public void setClientInfo(Properties properties)
            throws SQLClientInfoException {}
    public String getClientInfo(String name) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }
    public Properties getClientInfo() throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public Array createArrayOf(String typeName, Object[] elements)
            throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public Struct createStruct(String typeName, Object[] attributes)
            throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public void setSchema(String schema) throws SQLException {}
    public String getSchema() throws SQLException {
        return null;
    }
    public void abort(Executor executor) throws SQLException {}
    public void setNetworkTimeout(Executor executor, int milliseconds)
            throws SQLException {}
    public int getNetworkTimeout() throws SQLException {
        return 0;}
}

b、默认适配器：装饰设计模式一个变体