Linux程序管理（小白的“升级打怪”成长之路）

已于 2025-05-28 21:08:53 修改
阅读量1k 收藏 9
点赞数 41
CC 4.0 BY-SA版权
文章标签： linux 服务器
于 2025-05-27 21:52:12 首次发布
版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接和本声明。
本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/deeper_wind/article/details/148265873

目录

一、Linux程序与进程

1、程序,进程,线程的概念

2、程序和进程的区别

3、进程和线程的区别

二、Linux进程基础(生命周期)

1、进程生命周期

2、父子进程的关系

三、程序管理

1、课程目标

2、常见的软件包类型

3、安装方法

使用独立的rpm包安装

rpm包的命名方法

rpm命令使用方法

4、yum（dnf）安装

yum相关配置文件

yum源类型

配置本地yum源

5、yum命令语法

子命令（command）

命令选项

6、源码包（编译）安装

案例

7、二进制安装

案例

四、Linux操作系统启动流程详解

1、概述

2、启动流程核心阶段

1. 电源与固件阶段

2. 引导加载程序（Bootloader）

3. 内核初始化

4. systemd 初始化进程

5. 用户登录阶段

3、故障排查与调试技巧

1. 常见启动问题

2. 救援模式操作

3. 关键文件修复

4、启动流程示意图（文本版）

五、systemd管理机制

1、运行级别

运行级别与target对应关系

2、systemctl命令的使用

选项

3、服务启动报错排查

感觉有帮助的朋友，动动发财的小手，给博主点个赞

一、Linux程序与进程

1、程序,进程,线程的概念

程序：是一组指令及参数的集合，按照既定的逻辑控制计算机运行用来完成特定任务，是静态的；

进程：是运行着的程序，是操作系统执行的基本单位，是程序运行的过程， 是动态的，是有生命周期及运行状态的。是操作系统分配内存、CPU时间片等资源的基本单位。

线程：是操作系统能够进行运算调度的最小单位,它被包含在进程之中,是进程中的实际运作单位。

2、程序和进程的区别

程序是静态的，它只是一组指令的集合，不具有任何的运行意义。而进程是程序运行的动态过程;

进程和程序并不是一一对应的关系，相同的程序运行在不同的数据集上就是不同的进程;

进程还具有并发性和交往性，而程序却是封闭的。

3、进程和线程的区别

一条线程指的是进程中一个单一顺序的控制流,一个进程中可以并发拥有多个线程，而一个线程同时只能被一个进程所拥有;

线程不能单独执行，但是每一个线程都有程序的入口、执行序列以及程序出口，它必须组成进程才能被执行。

二、Linux进程基础(生命周期)

1、进程生命周期

父进程复制自己的地址空间(fork)创建一个新的(子)进程结构。每个新进程分配一个唯一的进程 ID(PID),PID和父进程ID(PPID)是子进程环境的元素,任何进程都可以创建子进程。

所有进程都是第一个系统进程的后代：在centos6中，第一个系统进程是init，而在centos7中，第一个系统进程是systemd。

2、父子进程的关系

子进程由父进程产生,在linux系统中，使用系统调用fork创建进程。fork复制的内容包括父进程的数据和堆栈段以及父进程的进程环境。子进程继承父进程的安全性身份、过去和当前的文件描述符、端口和资源特权、环境变量，以及程序代码。

运行过程：子进程运行时父进程休眠。当子进程完成时发出(exit)信号请求，在退出时，子进程已经关闭或丢弃了其资源环境后，剩余释放不掉的资源称之为僵尸进程。父进程在子进程退出时收到信号而被唤醒，清理剩余的结构，然后继续执行其自己的程序代码。

三、程序管理

1、课程目标

掌握Linux系统安装软件的方法

掌握Linux系统软件管理命令

熟练配置yum源

掌握systemd管理机制

2、常见的软件包类型

1）rpm包：.rpm为后缀，红帽系列操作系统（RedHat，CentOS，OpenSUSE）主要的软件包封装格式，已经做好默认设置，如安装路径，配置文件存放路径，需要手动的解决依赖关系。（相关命令：rpm，yum，dnf）

2）deb包：.deb为后缀，debian系列操作系统（debian，Ubuntu，kali）主要的软件包封装格式，已经做好默认设置，如安装路径，配置文件存放路径等，需要手动的解决依赖关系。（相关命令：dpkg，apt[-get]）

依赖关系：安装软件包所需的基础环境

3）二进制包：一般以.bin为后缀，直接被计算机执行安装。

4）源码包：一般C语言(高级语言中最底层的语言，一般结合汇编进行驱动编写)编写，安装前需要编译为二进制包；配置【如，安装路径，配置文件路径，运行用户，运行组，功能模块】--->编译--->安装；文件比较集中，便于后期进行维护与管理。

3、安装方法

使用独立的rpm包安装

需要下载对应的rpm包，一般在centos系统镜像中存在大量的rpm包

rpm包的命名方法

zip-0-11.el7.x86_64.rpm

软件名.版本号.安装平台.安装架构平台的位数（32位，x86或者64位，x86_64）.rpm

rpm命令使用方法

已安装软件包查看选项

-q：查看指定rpm包是否安装;rpm -q 软件名
​
-qa 【all】：查看系统中所有已安装的软件包;rpm -qa [| grep 软件名]
​
-qi 【infomation】：查看已安装软件包的开发信息；rpm -qi 软件名
​
-ql  【list】：查看已安装软件包的安装路径及生成的文件；rpm -ql 软件名
​
-qf 【find】：查看命令由哪个软件包安装；which 命令字  rpm -qf 命令的绝对路径；常用于：系统中没有对应指令且不知道由哪个软件包安装生成
​
-qc：查看已安装软件的配置文件;rpm -qc 软件名；一般情况下，使用rpm安装的应用程序的配置文件都存储在/etc/[应用程序的名称]
​
-qd：查看已安装软件的帮助文档信息；rpm -qd 软件名

未安装软件包查看选项

-qpi:查看未安装的软件包开发信息；rpm -pqi 软件包名称（全格式） 
​
-qpl：查看未安装软件包的安装路径及生成文件；rpm -pql 软件包名称（全格式）

安装、升级、卸载选项

-i 【install】：安装软件包；rpm -ivh /path/软件包名称（全格式）
​
-v：【verify】详细显示安装过程
​
-h：【human】人性化显示
​
-U：【update】升级软件包；rpm -Uvh 软件包名称
​
-e：【exclude】卸载已安装软件包；
​
--nodeps：忽略依赖关系的进行卸载、升级或安装

特殊安装

#将所有相关软件包放到同一目录下
​
rpm -ivh *

4、yum（dnf）安装

可以自动解决依赖关系

yum相关配置文件

yum源配置文件

指定yum程序运行时查找软件包的存储路径

/etc/yum.repos.d
[root@bogon ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d

yum程序配置文件

yum程序运行时的运行配置

/etc/dnf/dnf.conf
[root@bogon ~]# vim /etc/dnf/dnf.conf

缓存保存路径

/var/cache/dnf
yum源类型

本地yum源

利用本地存在的软件包路径

file://localPath（绝对路径）【路径下要包含“repodata（包含rpm包的元数据）”目录】

网络yum源

利用网络存储的软件包路径

http://域名/Path #不常用
​
https://域名/Path
​
ftp://域名/Path  #不常用

常见网络yum源

#网易yum源
​
​
​
#阿里云yum源
 tee /etc/yum.repos.d/alicloud.repo << 'EOF'
[alicloud-os]
name=Alibaba Cloud OS
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/rockylinux/8/BaseOS/x86_64/os/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/rockylinux/RPM-GPG-KEY-rockylinux
 
[alicloud-appstream]
name=Alibaba Cloud AppStream
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/rockylinux/8/AppStream/x86_64/os/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/rockylinux/RPM-GPG-KEY-rockylinux
EOF
​
#epel源
​
yum -y install epel-release

常见开源镜像站

清华大学
​
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/centos/
​
网易开源镜像站
​
http://mirrors.16com/
​
阿里云
​
配置本地yum源
[root@bogon ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# ls
rocky-addons.repo  rocky-devel.repo  rocky-extras.repo  rocky.repo
[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# mkdir backup
[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# mv rocky* backup/
[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# ls
backup
[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# vim local.repo
[local]
name=local     #描述信息
baseurl=file:///mnt/AppStream     # 指定软件包及其元数据存储路径
enabled=1     #是否使用该源，0表示不使用，1表示使用
gpgcheck=0     #（一般使用不验证的方式） [gpgcheck=1]
[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# ls
backup  local.repo
[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
25 个文件已删除
[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
local                                                                                 94 MB/s | 7.9 MB     00:00    
上次元数据过期检查：0:00:02 前，执行于 2025年05月27日 星期二 20时43分37秒。
元数据缓存已建立。
​
​
################################
mount  /dev/sr0 /mnt   #挂载locky9的镜像（内含rpm包）

5、yum命令语法

yum [options] command [package ...]
子命令（command）
install [软件包名] [--downloadonly]
#安装【只下载】
remove [软件包名]
#卸载
list
#查看yum源中的软件包列表
update [软件包名]
#更新所有软件包
yum clean all
#清空元数据缓存
yum makecache 
#生成元数据缓存
命令选项
-y：非交互

交互式安装：yum install 软件名

Is this ok？
​
y
​
安装
​
n
​
不下载不安装

非交互式安装：yum -y install 软件名

6、源码包（编译）安装

需要依赖gcc和make环境
​
#没有的话要安装gcc和make,安装#yum install -y gcc make
​
配置：cd 源码包的解压路径；./configure --prefix=安装路径（/usr/local/nginx）
​
编译：make
​
安装：make install

./configure --help

[root@bogon nginx-1.28.0]# ./configure --help
​
  --help                             print this message
​
  --prefix=PATH                      set installation prefix
  --sbin-path=PATH                   set nginx binary pathname
  --modules-path=PATH                set modules path
  --conf-path=PATH                   set nginx.conf pathname
  --error-log-path=PATH              set error log pathname
  --pid-path=PATH                    set nginx.pid pathname
  --lock-path=PATH                   set nginx.lock pathname
​
  --user=USER                        set non-privileged user for
                                     worker processes
  --group=GROUP                      set non-privileged group for
                                     worker processes
​
  --build=NAME                       set build name
  --builddir=DIR                     set build directory
​
  --with-select_module               enable select module
  --without-select_module            disable select module
  --with-poll_module                 enable poll module
  --without-poll_module              disable poll module
​
  --with-threads                     enable thread pool support
​
  --with-file-aio                    enable file AIO support
​
  --without-quic_bpf_module          disable ngx_quic_bpf_module
​
  --with-http_ssl_module             enable ngx_http_ssl_module
  --with-http_v2_module              enable ngx_http_v2_module
  --with-http_v3_module              enable ngx_http_v3_module
  --with-http_realip_module          enable ngx_http_realip_module
  --with-http_addition_module        enable ngx_http_addition_module
  --with-http_xslt_module            enable ngx_http_xslt_module
  --with-http_xslt_module=dynamic    enable dynamic ngx_http_xslt_module
  --with-http_image_filter_module    enable ngx_http_image_filter_module
  --with-http_image_filter_module=dynamic
                                     enable dynamic ngx_http_image_filter_module
  --with-http_geoip_module           enable ngx_http_geoip_module
  --with-http_geoip_module=dynamic   enable dynamic ngx_http_geoip_module
  --with-http_sub_module             enable ngx_http_sub_module
  --with-http_dav_module             enable ngx_http_dav_module
  --with-http_flv_module             enable ngx_http_flv_module
  --with-http_mp4_module             enable ngx_http_mp4_module
  --with-http_gunzip_module          enable ngx_http_gunzip_module
  --with-http_gzip_static_module     enable ngx_http_gzip_static_module
  --with-http_auth_request_module    enable ngx_http_auth_request_module
  --with-http_random_index_module    enable ngx_http_random_index_module
  --with-http_secure_link_module     enable ngx_http_secure_link_module
  --with-http_degradation_module     enable ngx_http_degradation_module
  --with-http_slice_module           enable ngx_http_slice_module
  --with-http_stub_status_module     enable ngx_http_stub_status_module
​
  --without-http_charset_module      disable ngx_http_charset_module
  --without-http_gzip_module         disable ngx_http_gzip_module
  --without-http_ssi_module          disable ngx_http_ssi_module
  --without-http_userid_module       disable ngx_http_userid_module
  --without-http_access_module       disable ngx_http_access_module
  --without-http_auth_basic_module   disable ngx_http_auth_basic_module
  --without-http_mirror_module       disable ngx_http_mirror_module
  --without-http_autoindex_module    disable ngx_http_autoindex_module
  --without-http_geo_module          disable ngx_http_geo_module
  --without-http_map_module          disable ngx_http_map_module
  --without-http_split_clients_module disable ngx_http_split_clients_module
  --without-http_referer_module      disable ngx_http_referer_module
  --without-http_rewrite_module      disable ngx_http_rewrite_module
  --without-http_proxy_module        disable ngx_http_proxy_module
  --without-http_fastcgi_module      disable ngx_http_fastcgi_module
  --without-http_uwsgi_module        disable ngx_http_uwsgi_module
  --without-http_scgi_module         disable ngx_http_scgi_module
  --without-http_grpc_module         disable ngx_http_grpc_module
  --without-http_memcached_module    disable ngx_http_memcached_module
  --without-http_limit_conn_module   disable ngx_http_limit_conn_module
  --without-http_limit_req_module    disable ngx_http_limit_req_module
  --without-http_empty_gif_module    disable ngx_http_empty_gif_module
  --without-http_browser_module      disable ngx_http_browser_module
  --without-http_upstream_hash_module
                                     disable ngx_http_upstream_hash_module
  --without-http_upstream_ip_hash_module
                                     disable ngx_http_upstream_ip_hash_module
  --without-http_upstream_least_conn_module
                                     disable ngx_http_upstream_least_conn_module
  --without-http_upstream_random_module
                                     disable ngx_http_upstream_random_module
  --without-http_upstream_keepalive_module
                                     disable ngx_http_upstream_keepalive_module
  --without-http_upstream_zone_module
                                     disable ngx_http_upstream_zone_module
​
  --with-http_perl_module            enable ngx_http_perl_module
  --with-http_perl_module=dynamic    enable dynamic ngx_http_perl_module
  --with-perl_modules_path=PATH      set Perl modules path
  --with-perl=PATH                   set perl binary pathname
​
  --http-log-path=PATH               set http access log pathname
  --http-client-body-temp-path=PATH  set path to store
                                     http client request body temporary files
  --http-proxy-temp-path=PATH        set path to store
                                     http proxy temporary files
  --http-fastcgi-temp-path=PATH      set path to store
                                     http fastcgi temporary files
  --http-uwsgi-temp-path=PATH        set path to store
                                     http uwsgi temporary files
  --http-scgi-temp-path=PATH         set path to store
                                     http scgi temporary files
​
  --without-http                     disable HTTP server
  --without-http-cache               disable HTTP cache
​
  --with-mail                        enable POP3/IMAP4/SMTP proxy module
  --with-mail=dynamic                enable dynamic POP3/IMAP4/SMTP proxy module
  --with-mail_ssl_module             enable ngx_mail_ssl_module
  --without-mail_pop3_module         disable ngx_mail_pop3_module
  --without-mail_imap_module         disable ngx_mail_imap_module
  --without-mail_smtp_module         disable ngx_mail_smtp_module
​
  --with-stream                      enable TCP/UDP proxy module
  --with-stream=dynamic              enable dynamic TCP/UDP proxy module
  --with-stream_ssl_module           enable ngx_stream_ssl_module
  --with-stream_realip_module        enable ngx_stream_realip_module
  --with-stream_geoip_module         enable ngx_stream_geoip_module
  --with-stream_geoip_module=dynamic enable dynamic ngx_stream_geoip_module
  --with-stream_ssl_preread_module   enable ngx_stream_ssl_preread_module
  --without-stream_limit_conn_module disable ngx_stream_limit_conn_module
  --without-stream_access_module     disable ngx_stream_access_module
  --without-stream_geo_module        disable ngx_stream_geo_module
  --without-stream_map_module        disable ngx_stream_map_module
  --without-stream_split_clients_module
                                     disable ngx_stream_split_clients_module
  --without-stream_return_module     disable ngx_stream_return_module
  --without-stream_pass_module       disable ngx_stream_pass_module
  --without-stream_set_module        disable ngx_stream_set_module
  --without-stream_upstream_hash_module
                                     disable ngx_stream_upstream_hash_module
  --without-stream_upstream_least_conn_module
                                     disable ngx_stream_upstream_least_conn_module
  --without-stream_upstream_random_module
                                     disable ngx_stream_upstream_random_module
  --without-stream_upstream_zone_module
                                     disable ngx_stream_upstream_zone_module
​
  --with-google_perftools_module     enable ngx_google_perftools_module
  --with-cpp_test_module             enable ngx_cpp_test_module
​
  --add-module=PATH                  enable external module
  --add-dynamic-module=PATH          enable dynamic external module
​
  --with-compat                      dynamic modules compatibility
​
  --with-cc=PATH                     set C compiler pathname
  --with-cpp=PATH                    set C preprocessor pathname
  --with-cc-opt=OPTIONS              set additional C compiler options
  --with-ld-opt=OPTIONS              set additional linker options
  --with-cpu-opt=CPU                 build for the specified CPU, valid values:
                                     pentium, pentiumpro, pentium3, pentium4,
                                     athlon, opteron, sparc32, sparc64, ppc64
​
  --without-pcre                     disable PCRE library usage
  --with-pcre                        force PCRE library usage
  --with-pcre=DIR                    set path to PCRE library sources
  --with-pcre-opt=OPTIONS            set additional build options for PCRE
  --with-pcre-jit                    build PCRE with JIT compilation support
  --without-pcre2                    do not use PCRE2 library
​
  --with-zlib=DIR                    set path to zlib library sources
  --with-zlib-opt=OPTIONS            set additional build options for zlib
  --with-zlib-asm=CPU                use zlib assembler sources optimized
                                     for the specified CPU, valid values:
                                     pentium, pentiumpro
​
  --with-libatomic                   force libatomic_ops library usage
  --with-libatomic=DIR               set path to libatomic_ops library sources
​
  --with-openssl=DIR                 set path to OpenSSL library sources
  --with-openssl-opt=OPTIONS         set additional build options for OpenSSL
​
  --with-debug                       enable debug logging
​
  • 案例

nginx编译安装

[root@bogon ~]# ls
公共  模板  视频  图片  文档  下载  音乐  桌面  anaconda-ks.cfg  nginx-1.28.0.tar.gz
[root@bogon ~]# mv nginx-1.28.0.tar.gz  /home/
[root@bogon ~]# cd /home
[root@bogon home]# ls
huang  nginx-1.28.0.tar.gz
[root@bogon home]# tar xf nginx-1.28.0.tar.gz  -C /usr/local/
[root@bogon home]# cd /usr/local
[root@bogon local]# ls
bin  etc  games  include  lib  lib64  libexec  nginx-1.28.0  sbin  share  src
[root@bogon local]# cd nginx-1.28.0/
[root@bogon nginx-1.28.0]# ls
auto     CHANGES.ru          conf       contrib          html     man        SECURITY.md
CHANGES  CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md  configure  CONTRIBUTING.md  LICENSE  README.md  src
​
[root@bogon nginx-1.28.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
checking for OS
 + Linux 5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4.x86_64 x86_64
checking for C compiler ... found
 + using GNU C compiler
 + gcc version: 11.4.1 20231218 (Red Hat 11.4.1-3) (GCC) 
checking for gcc -pipe switch ... found
checking for -Wl,-E switch ... found
checking for gcc builtin atomic operations ... found
checking for C99 variadic macros ... found
checking for gcc variadic macros ... found
checking for gcc builtin 64 bit byteswap ... found
checking for unistd.h ... found
checking for inttypes.h ... found
checking for limits.h ... found
checking for sys/filio.h ... not found
checking for sys/param.h ... found
checking for sys/mount.h ... found
checking for sys/statvfs.h ... found
checking for crypt.h ... found
checking for Linux specific features
checking for epoll ... found
checking for EPOLLRDHUP ... found
checking for EPOLLEXCLUSIVE ... found
checking for eventfd() ... found
checking for O_PATH ... found
checking for sendfile() ... found
checking for sendfile64() ... found
checking for sys/prctl.h ... found
checking for prctl(PR_SET_DUMPABLE) ... found
checking for prctl(PR_SET_KEEPCAPS) ... found
checking for capabilities ... found
checking for crypt_r() ... found
checking for sys/vfs.h ... found
checking for BPF sockhash ... found
checking for SO_COOKIE ... found
checking for UDP_SEGMENT ... found
checking for nobody group ... found
checking for poll() ... found
checking for /dev/poll ... not found
checking for kqueue ... not found
checking for crypt() ... not found
checking for crypt() in libcrypt ... found
checking for F_READAHEAD ... not found
checking for posix_fadvise() ... found
checking for O_DIRECT ... found
checking for F_NOCACHE ... not found
checking for directio() ... not found
checking for statfs() ... found
checking for statvfs() ... found
checking for dlopen() ... found
checking for sched_yield() ... found
checking for sched_setaffinity() ... found
checking for SO_SETFIB ... not found
checking for SO_REUSEPORT ... found
checking for SO_ACCEPTFILTER ... not found
checking for SO_BINDANY ... not found
checking for IP_TRANSPARENT ... found
checking for IP_BINDANY ... not found
checking for IP_BIND_ADDRESS_NO_PORT ... found
checking for IP_RECVDSTADDR ... not found
checking for IP_SENDSRCADDR ... not found
checking for IP_PKTINFO ... found
checking for IPV6_RECVPKTINFO ... found
checking for IP_MTU_DISCOVER ... found
checking for IPV6_MTU_DISCOVER ... found
checking for IP_DONTFRAG ... not found
checking for IPV6_DONTFRAG ... found
checking for TCP_DEFER_ACCEPT ... found
checking for TCP_KEEPIDLE ... found
checking for TCP_FASTOPEN ... found
checking for TCP_INFO ... found
checking for accept4() ... found
checking for int size ... 4 bytes
checking for long size ... 8 bytes
checking for long long size ... 8 bytes
checking for void * size ... 8 bytes
checking for uint32_t ... found
checking for uint64_t ... found
checking for sig_atomic_t ... found
checking for sig_atomic_t size ... 4 bytes
checking for socklen_t ... found
checking for in_addr_t ... found
checking for in_port_t ... found
checking for rlim_t ... found
checking for uintptr_t ... uintptr_t found
checking for system byte ordering ... little endian
checking for size_t size ... 8 bytes
checking for off_t size ... 8 bytes
checking for time_t size ... 8 bytes
checking for AF_INET6 ... found
checking for setproctitle() ... not found
checking for pread() ... found
checking for pwrite() ... found
checking for pwritev() ... found
checking for strerrordesc_np() ... found
checking for localtime_r() ... found
checking for clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC) ... found
checking for posix_memalign() ... found
checking for memalign() ... found
checking for mmap(MAP_ANON|MAP_SHARED) ... found
checking for mmap("/dev/zero", MAP_SHARED) ... found
checking for System V shared memory ... found
checking for POSIX semaphores ... found
checking for struct msghdr.msg_control ... found
checking for ioctl(FIONBIO) ... found
checking for ioctl(FIONREAD) ... found
checking for struct tm.tm_gmtoff ... found
checking for struct dirent.d_namlen ... not found
checking for struct dirent.d_type ... found
checking for sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN) ... found
checking for sysconf(_SC_LEVEL1_DCACHE_LINESIZE) ... found
checking for openat(), fstatat() ... found
checking for getaddrinfo() ... found
checking for PCRE2 library ... not found
checking for PCRE library ... not found
checking for PCRE library in /usr/local/ ... not found
checking for PCRE library in /usr/include/pcre/ ... not found
checking for PCRE library in /usr/pkg/ ... not found
checking for PCRE library in /opt/local/ ... not found
checking for PCRE library in /opt/homebrew/ ... not found
​
./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
You can either disable the module by using --without-http_rewrite_module
option, or install the PCRE library into the system, or build the PCRE library
statically from the source with nginx by using --with-pcre=<path> option.
​
#发现依赖缺失#
​
#解决依赖#
​
[root@bogon nginx-1.28.0]# yum install -y pcre-devel
上次元数据过期检查：2:33:15 前，执行于 2025年05月28日 星期三 12时32分48秒。
依赖关系解决。
==========================================================================================================================
 软件包                        架构                      版本                              仓库                      大小
==========================================================================================================================
安装:
 pcre-devel                    x86_64                    8.44-3.el9.3                      local                    470 k
安装依赖关系:
 pcre-cpp                      x86_64                    8.44-3.el9.3                      local                     26 k
 pcre-utf16                    x86_64                    8.44-3.el9.3                      local                    184 k
 pcre-utf32                    x86_64                    8.44-3.el9.3                      local                    175 k
​
事务概要
==========================================================================================================================
安装  4 软件包
​
总计：855 k
安装大小：2.6 M
下载软件包：
运行事务检查
事务检查成功。
运行事务测试
事务测试成功。
运行事务
  准备中  :                                                                                                           1/1 
  安装    : pcre-cpp-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64                                                                              1/4 
  安装    : pcre-utf16-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64                                                                            2/4 
  安装    : pcre-utf32-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64                                                                            3/4 
  安装    : pcre-devel-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64                                                                            4/4 
  运行脚本: pcre-devel-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64                                                                            4/4 
  验证    : pcre-utf32-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64                                                                            1/4 
  验证    : pcre-utf16-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64                                                                            2/4 
  验证    : pcre-devel-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64                                                                            3/4 
  验证    : pcre-cpp-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64                                                                              4/4 
​
已安装:
  pcre-cpp-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64            pcre-devel-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64          pcre-utf16-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64         
  pcre-utf32-8.44-3.el9.3.x86_64         
​
完毕！
​
​
​
[root@bogon nginx-1.28.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
checking for OS
 + Linux 5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4.x86_64 x86_64
checking for C compiler ... found
 + using GNU C compiler
 + gcc version: 11.4.1 20231218 (Red Hat 11.4.1-3) (GCC) 
checking for gcc -pipe switch ... found
checking for -Wl,-E switch ... found
checking for gcc builtin atomic operations ... found
checking for C99 variadic macros ... found
checking for gcc variadic macros ... found
checking for gcc builtin 64 bit byteswap ... found
checking for unistd.h ... found
checking for inttypes.h ... found
checking for limits.h ... found
checking for sys/filio.h ... not found
checking for sys/param.h ... found
checking for sys/mount.h ... found
checking for sys/statvfs.h ... found
checking for crypt.h ... found
checking for Linux specific features
checking for epoll ... found
checking for EPOLLRDHUP ... found
checking for EPOLLEXCLUSIVE ... found
checking for eventfd() ... found
checking for O_PATH ... found
checking for sendfile() ... found
checking for sendfile64() ... found
checking for sys/prctl.h ... found
checking for prctl(PR_SET_DUMPABLE) ... found
checking for prctl(PR_SET_KEEPCAPS) ... found
checking for capabilities ... found
checking for crypt_r() ... found
checking for sys/vfs.h ... found
checking for BPF sockhash ... found
checking for SO_COOKIE ... found
checking for UDP_SEGMENT ... found
checking for nobody group ... found
checking for poll() ... found
checking for /dev/poll ... not found
checking for kqueue ... not found
checking for crypt() ... not found
checking for crypt() in libcrypt ... found
checking for F_READAHEAD ... not found
checking for posix_fadvise() ... found
checking for O_DIRECT ... found
checking for F_NOCACHE ... not found
checking for directio() ... not found
checking for statfs() ... found
checking for statvfs() ... found
checking for dlopen() ... found
checking for sched_yield() ... found
checking for sched_setaffinity() ... found
checking for SO_SETFIB ... not found
checking for SO_REUSEPORT ... found
checking for SO_ACCEPTFILTER ... not found
checking for SO_BINDANY ... not found
checking for IP_TRANSPARENT ... found
checking for IP_BINDANY ... not found
checking for IP_BIND_ADDRESS_NO_PORT ... found
checking for IP_RECVDSTADDR ... not found
checking for IP_SENDSRCADDR ... not found
checking for IP_PKTINFO ... found
checking for IPV6_RECVPKTINFO ... found
checking for IP_MTU_DISCOVER ... found
checking for IPV6_MTU_DISCOVER ... found
checking for IP_DONTFRAG ... not found
checking for IPV6_DONTFRAG ... found
checking for TCP_DEFER_ACCEPT ... found
checking for TCP_KEEPIDLE ... found
checking for TCP_FASTOPEN ... found
checking for TCP_INFO ... found
checking for accept4() ... found
checking for int size ... 4 bytes
checking for long size ... 8 bytes
checking for long long size ... 8 bytes
checking for void * size ... 8 bytes
checking for uint32_t ... found
checking for uint64_t ... found
checking for sig_atomic_t ... found
checking for sig_atomic_t size ... 4 bytes
checking for socklen_t ... found
checking for in_addr_t ... found
checking for in_port_t ... found
checking for rlim_t ... found
checking for uintptr_t ... uintptr_t found
checking for system byte ordering ... little endian
checking for size_t size ... 8 bytes
checking for off_t size ... 8 bytes
checking for time_t size ... 8 bytes
checking for AF_INET6 ... found
checking for setproctitle() ... not found
checking for pread() ... found
checking for pwrite() ... found
checking for pwritev() ... found
checking for strerrordesc_np() ... found
checking for localtime_r() ... found
checking for clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC) ... found
checking for posix_memalign() ... found
checking for memalign() ... found
checking for mmap(MAP_ANON|MAP_SHARED) ... found
checking for mmap("/dev/zero", MAP_SHARED) ... found
checking for System V shared memory ... found
checking for POSIX semaphores ... found
checking for struct msghdr.msg_control ... found
checking for ioctl(FIONBIO) ... found
checking for ioctl(FIONREAD) ... found
checking for struct tm.tm_gmtoff ... found
checking for struct dirent.d_namlen ... not found
checking for struct dirent.d_type ... found
checking for sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN) ... found
checking for sysconf(_SC_LEVEL1_DCACHE_LINESIZE) ... found
checking for openat(), fstatat() ... found
checking for getaddrinfo() ... found
checking for PCRE2 library ... not found
checking for PCRE library ... found
checking for PCRE JIT support ... found
checking for zlib library ... found
creating objs/Makefile
​
Configuration summary
  + using system PCRE library
  + OpenSSL library is not used
  + using system zlib library
​
  nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx"
  nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
  nginx modules path: "/usr/local/nginx/modules"
  nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf"
  nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
  nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
  nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log"
  nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log"
  nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
  nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
  nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
  nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
  nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"
​
#配置完成后#
#在源码包下生成Makefile文件#
​
[root@bogon nginx-1.28.0]# ls
auto     CHANGES.ru          conf       contrib          html     Makefile  objs       SECURITY.md
CHANGES  CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md  configure  CONTRIBUTING.md  LICENSE  man       README.md  src
[root@bogon nginx-1.28.0]# cd objs/
[root@bogon objs]# ls
autoconf.err  Makefile  ngx_auto_config.h  ngx_auto_headers.h  ngx_modules.c  src
[root@bogon objs]# make
make: *** 没有规则可制作目标“src/core/nginx.h”，由“objs/src/core/nginx.o” 需求。 停止。
[root@bogon objs]# cd ..
​
#编译#
​
[root@bogon nginx-1.28.0]# make
make -f objs/Makefile
make[1]: 进入目录“/usr/local/nginx-1.28.0”
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/nginx.o \
        src/core/nginx.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_log.o \
        src/core/ngx_log.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_palloc.o \
        src/core/ngx_palloc.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_array.o \
        src/core/ngx_array.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_list.o \
        src/core/ngx_list.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_hash.o \
        src/core/ngx_hash.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_buf.o \
        src/core/ngx_buf.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_queue.o \
        src/core/ngx_queue.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_output_chain.o \
        src/core/ngx_output_chain.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_string.o \
        src/core/ngx_string.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_parse.o \
        src/core/ngx_parse.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_parse_time.o \
        src/core/ngx_parse_time.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_inet.o \
        src/core/ngx_inet.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_file.o \
        src/core/ngx_file.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_crc32.o \
        src/core/ngx_crc32.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_murmurhash.o \
        src/core/ngx_murmurhash.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_md5.o \
        src/core/ngx_md5.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_sha1.o \
        src/core/ngx_sha1.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_rbtree.o \
        src/core/ngx_rbtree.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_radix_tree.o \
        src/core/ngx_radix_tree.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_slab.o \
        src/core/ngx_slab.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_times.o \
        src/core/ngx_times.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_shmtx.o \
        src/core/ngx_shmtx.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_connection.o \
        src/core/ngx_connection.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_cycle.o \
        src/core/ngx_cycle.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_spinlock.o \
        src/core/ngx_spinlock.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_rwlock.o \
        src/core/ngx_rwlock.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_cpuinfo.o \
        src/core/ngx_cpuinfo.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_conf_file.o \
        src/core/ngx_conf_file.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_module.o \
        src/core/ngx_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_resolver.o \
        src/core/ngx_resolver.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_open_file_cache.o \
        src/core/ngx_open_file_cache.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_crypt.o \
        src/core/ngx_crypt.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_proxy_protocol.o \
        src/core/ngx_proxy_protocol.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_syslog.o \
        src/core/ngx_syslog.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/event/ngx_event.o \
        src/event/ngx_event.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/event/ngx_event_timer.o \
        src/event/ngx_event_timer.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/event/ngx_event_posted.o \
        src/event/ngx_event_posted.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/event/ngx_event_accept.o \
        src/event/ngx_event_accept.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/event/ngx_event_udp.o \
        src/event/ngx_event_udp.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/event/ngx_event_connect.o \
        src/event/ngx_event_connect.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/event/ngx_event_pipe.o \
        src/event/ngx_event_pipe.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/os/unix/ngx_time.o \
        src/os/unix/ngx_time.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/os/unix/ngx_errno.o \
        src/os/unix/ngx_errno.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/os/unix/ngx_alloc.o \
        src/os/unix/ngx_alloc.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/os/unix/ngx_files.o \
        src/os/unix/ngx_files.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/os/unix/ngx_socket.o \
        src/os/unix/ngx_socket.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/os/unix/ngx_recv.o \
        src/os/unix/ngx_recv.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/os/unix/ngx_readv_chain.o \
        src/os/unix/ngx_readv_chain.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/os/unix/ngx_udp_recv.o \
        src/os/unix/ngx_udp_recv.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/os/unix/ngx_send.o \
        src/os/unix/ngx_send.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/os/unix/ngx_writev_chain.o \
        src/os/unix/ngx_writev_chain.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/os/unix/ngx_udp_send.o \
        src/os/unix/ngx_udp_send.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/os/unix/ngx_udp_sendmsg_chain.o \
        src/os/unix/ngx_udp_sendmsg_chain.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/os/unix/ngx_channel.o \
        src/os/unix/ngx_channel.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/os/unix/ngx_shmem.o \
        src/os/unix/ngx_shmem.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/os/unix/ngx_process.o \
        src/os/unix/ngx_process.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/os/unix/ngx_daemon.o \
        src/os/unix/ngx_daemon.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/os/unix/ngx_setaffinity.o \
        src/os/unix/ngx_setaffinity.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/os/unix/ngx_setproctitle.o \
        src/os/unix/ngx_setproctitle.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/os/unix/ngx_posix_init.o \
        src/os/unix/ngx_posix_init.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/os/unix/ngx_user.o \
        src/os/unix/ngx_user.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/os/unix/ngx_dlopen.o \
        src/os/unix/ngx_dlopen.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/os/unix/ngx_process_cycle.o \
        src/os/unix/ngx_process_cycle.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/os/unix/ngx_linux_init.o \
        src/os/unix/ngx_linux_init.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/event/modules/ngx_epoll_module.o \
        src/event/modules/ngx_epoll_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/os/unix/ngx_linux_sendfile_chain.o \
        src/os/unix/ngx_linux_sendfile_chain.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_bpf.o \
        src/core/ngx_bpf.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/src/core/ngx_regex.o \
        src/core/ngx_regex.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/ngx_http.o \
        src/http/ngx_http.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/ngx_http_core_module.o \
        src/http/ngx_http_core_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/ngx_http_special_response.o \
        src/http/ngx_http_special_response.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/ngx_http_request.o \
        src/http/ngx_http_request.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/ngx_http_parse.o \
        src/http/ngx_http_parse.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_log_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_log_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/ngx_http_request_body.o \
        src/http/ngx_http_request_body.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/ngx_http_variables.o \
        src/http/ngx_http_variables.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/ngx_http_script.o \
        src/http/ngx_http_script.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/ngx_http_upstream.o \
        src/http/ngx_http_upstream.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/ngx_http_upstream_round_robin.o \
        src/http/ngx_http_upstream_round_robin.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/ngx_http_file_cache.o \
        src/http/ngx_http_file_cache.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/ngx_http_write_filter_module.o \
        src/http/ngx_http_write_filter_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/ngx_http_header_filter_module.o \
        src/http/ngx_http_header_filter_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_chunked_filter_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_chunked_filter_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_range_filter_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_range_filter_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_gzip_filter_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_gzip_filter_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/ngx_http_postpone_filter_module.o \
        src/http/ngx_http_postpone_filter_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_ssi_filter_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_ssi_filter_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_charset_filter_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_charset_filter_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_userid_filter_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_userid_filter_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_headers_filter_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_headers_filter_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/ngx_http_copy_filter_module.o \
        src/http/ngx_http_copy_filter_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_not_modified_filter_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_not_modified_filter_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_static_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_static_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_autoindex_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_autoindex_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_index_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_index_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_mirror_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_mirror_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_try_files_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_try_files_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_auth_basic_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_auth_basic_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_access_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_access_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_limit_conn_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_limit_conn_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_limit_req_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_limit_req_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_geo_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_geo_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_map_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_map_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_split_clients_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_split_clients_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_referer_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_referer_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_rewrite_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_rewrite_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_proxy_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_proxy_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_fastcgi_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_fastcgi_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_uwsgi_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_uwsgi_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_scgi_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_scgi_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_memcached_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_memcached_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_empty_gif_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_empty_gif_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_browser_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_browser_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_upstream_hash_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_upstream_hash_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_upstream_ip_hash_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_upstream_ip_hash_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_upstream_least_conn_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_upstream_least_conn_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_upstream_random_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_upstream_random_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_upstream_keepalive_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_upstream_keepalive_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs -I src/http -I src/http/modules \
        -o objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_upstream_zone_module.o \
        src/http/modules/ngx_http_upstream_zone_module.c
cc -c -pipe  -O -W -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wno-unused-parameter -Werror -g  -I src/core -I src/event -I src/event/modules -I src/event/quic -I src/os/unix -I objs \
        -o objs/ngx_modules.o \
        objs/ngx_modules.c
cc -o objs/nginx \
objs/src/core/nginx.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_log.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_palloc.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_array.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_list.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_hash.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_buf.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_queue.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_output_chain.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_string.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_parse.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_parse_time.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_inet.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_file.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_crc32.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_murmurhash.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_md5.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_sha1.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_rbtree.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_radix_tree.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_slab.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_times.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_shmtx.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_connection.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_cycle.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_spinlock.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_rwlock.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_cpuinfo.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_conf_file.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_module.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_resolver.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_open_file_cache.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_crypt.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_proxy_protocol.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_syslog.o \
objs/src/event/ngx_event.o \
objs/src/event/ngx_event_timer.o \
objs/src/event/ngx_event_posted.o \
objs/src/event/ngx_event_accept.o \
objs/src/event/ngx_event_udp.o \
objs/src/event/ngx_event_connect.o \
objs/src/event/ngx_event_pipe.o \
objs/src/os/unix/ngx_time.o \
objs/src/os/unix/ngx_errno.o \
objs/src/os/unix/ngx_alloc.o \
objs/src/os/unix/ngx_files.o \
objs/src/os/unix/ngx_socket.o \
objs/src/os/unix/ngx_recv.o \
objs/src/os/unix/ngx_readv_chain.o \
objs/src/os/unix/ngx_udp_recv.o \
objs/src/os/unix/ngx_send.o \
objs/src/os/unix/ngx_writev_chain.o \
objs/src/os/unix/ngx_udp_send.o \
objs/src/os/unix/ngx_udp_sendmsg_chain.o \
objs/src/os/unix/ngx_channel.o \
objs/src/os/unix/ngx_shmem.o \
objs/src/os/unix/ngx_process.o \
objs/src/os/unix/ngx_daemon.o \
objs/src/os/unix/ngx_setaffinity.o \
objs/src/os/unix/ngx_setproctitle.o \
objs/src/os/unix/ngx_posix_init.o \
objs/src/os/unix/ngx_user.o \
objs/src/os/unix/ngx_dlopen.o \
objs/src/os/unix/ngx_process_cycle.o \
objs/src/os/unix/ngx_linux_init.o \
objs/src/event/modules/ngx_epoll_module.o \
objs/src/os/unix/ngx_linux_sendfile_chain.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_bpf.o \
objs/src/core/ngx_regex.o \
objs/src/http/ngx_http.o \
objs/src/http/ngx_http_core_module.o \
objs/src/http/ngx_http_special_response.o \
objs/src/http/ngx_http_request.o \
objs/src/http/ngx_http_parse.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_log_module.o \
objs/src/http/ngx_http_request_body.o \
objs/src/http/ngx_http_variables.o \
objs/src/http/ngx_http_script.o \
objs/src/http/ngx_http_upstream.o \
objs/src/http/ngx_http_upstream_round_robin.o \
objs/src/http/ngx_http_file_cache.o \
objs/src/http/ngx_http_write_filter_module.o \
objs/src/http/ngx_http_header_filter_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_chunked_filter_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_range_filter_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_gzip_filter_module.o \
objs/src/http/ngx_http_postpone_filter_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_ssi_filter_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_charset_filter_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_userid_filter_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_headers_filter_module.o \
objs/src/http/ngx_http_copy_filter_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_not_modified_filter_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_static_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_autoindex_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_index_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_mirror_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_try_files_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_auth_basic_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_access_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_limit_conn_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_limit_req_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_geo_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_map_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_split_clients_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_referer_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_rewrite_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_proxy_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_fastcgi_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_uwsgi_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_scgi_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_memcached_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_empty_gif_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_browser_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_upstream_hash_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_upstream_ip_hash_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_upstream_least_conn_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_upstream_random_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_upstream_keepalive_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_upstream_zone_module.o \
objs/ngx_modules.o \
-lcrypt -lpcre -lz \
-Wl,-E
sed -e "s|%%PREFIX%%|/usr/local/nginx|" \
        -e "s|%%PID_PATH%%|/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid|" \
        -e "s|%%CONF_PATH%%|/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf|" \
        -e "s|%%ERROR_LOG_PATH%%|/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log|" \
        < man/nginx.8 > objs/nginx.8
make[1]: 离开目录“/usr/local/nginx-1.28.0”
[root@bogon nginx-1.28.0]# ls
auto     CHANGES.ru          conf       contrib          html     Makefile  objs       SECURITY.md
CHANGES  CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md  configure  CONTRIBUTING.md  LICENSE  man       README.md  src
​
#安装#
​
[root@bogon nginx-1.28.0]# make install
make -f objs/Makefile install
make[1]: 进入目录“/usr/local/nginx-1.28.0”
test -d '/usr/local/nginx' || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/sbin' \
        || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/sbin'
test ! -f '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx' \
        || mv '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx' \
                '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx.old'
cp objs/nginx '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/conf' \
        || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/koi-win '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/koi-utf '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/win-utf '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/mime.types' \
        || cp conf/mime.types '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/mime.types '/usr/local/nginx/conf/mime.types.default'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params' \
        || cp conf/fastcgi_params '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/fastcgi_params \
        '/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params.default'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf' \
        || cp conf/fastcgi.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/fastcgi.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf.default'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/uwsgi_params' \
        || cp conf/uwsgi_params '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/uwsgi_params \
        '/usr/local/nginx/conf/uwsgi_params.default'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/scgi_params' \
        || cp conf/scgi_params '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/scgi_params \
        '/usr/local/nginx/conf/scgi_params.default'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf' \
        || cp conf/nginx.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf'
cp conf/nginx.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.default'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/logs' \
        || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/logs'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/logs' \
        || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/logs'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/html' \
        || cp -R html '/usr/local/nginx'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/logs' \
        || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/logs'
make[1]: 离开目录“/usr/local/nginx-1.28.0”
[root@bogon nginx-1.28.0]# cd /usr/local/nginx
[root@bogon nginx]# ls
conf  html  logs  sbin
[root@bogon nginx]# cd sbin/
[root@bogon sbin]# ls
nginx
[root@bogon sbin]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/sbin/nginx
​
###命令合并###
​
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx18  && make  && make install
​
验证
​
cd /usr/local/nginx1.12
​
###命令优化####
ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/
​

注意

编译安装完成的软件默认不被systemd管理

7、二进制安装

只需要运行bin文件
  • 案例
jdk-6u14-linux-x64.bin
​
./jdk-6u14-linux-x64.bin
​
根据提示进行操作即可

四、Linux操作系统启动流程详解

1、概述

Linux启动流程是从按下电源键到用户登录的完整过程，分为传统BIOS+MBR和现代UEFI+GPT两种模式。主流系统（如CentOS 7+/Ubuntu 18.04+）通常使用 UEFI + GRUB2 + systemd 组合。

2、启动流程核心阶段

1. 电源与固件阶段

UEFI/BIOS初始化

硬件自检（POST, Power-On Self-Test）

UEFI特点：图形化界面、支持GPT分区、独立于OS的Shell环境

定位启动设备：读取NVRAM中的启动项（efibootmgr命令可管理）

2. 引导加载程序（Bootloader）

GRUB2 核心作用

配置文件路径：/boot/grub2/grub.cfg（由grub2-mkconfig生成）

关键配置参数：

set root=(hd0,gpt1)  # 指定/boot所在分区
linux /vmlinuz-5.4.0 root=/dev/sda2 ro  # 内核路径及挂载参数
initrd /initramfs-5.4.0.img             # 初始化内存文件系统

用户交互

按 e 临时编辑启动参数（如单用户模式 systemd.unit=rescue.target）

按 c 进入GRUB命令行

3. 内核初始化

内核解压与初始化

加载vmlinuz：压缩的内核镜像

initramfs 作用：

包含根文件系统挂载前的驱动（如LVM、RAID）

提供dracut工具集（可通过dmesg | grep initramfs查看日志）

挂载根文件系统（/）为只读模式

4. systemd 初始化进程

首个用户态进程

PID=1，替代传统init

核心任务：

  1. 解析/etc/systemd/system/default.target（默认运行级别）

  2. 并行启动服务单元（Unit）

  3. 激活sysinit.target（系统初始化）、basic.target（基础服务）

关键操作命令

systemctl get-default         # 查看默认target
systemctl set-default multi-user.target  # 设置默认为命令行模式
journalctl -b                # 查看本次启动日志
5. 用户登录阶段

终端登录

getty 服务生成终端（/etc/systemd/system/getty.target.wants/）

调用login验证用户身份

图形化登录

Display Manager（如GDM、LightDM）启动X/Wayland会话

3、故障排查与调试技巧

1. 常见启动问题
故障现象可能原因解决方法
GRUB Rescue> 提示符引导分区损坏/配置丢失使用Live CD重建grub
Kernel panic驱动缺失/根文件系统错误检查initramfs是否包含所需驱动
systemd启动卡死服务依赖死锁添加systemd.unit=emergency.target内核参数
文件系统只读fsck未通过或磁盘错误手动运行fsck /dev/sda1
2. 救援模式操作

  1. 在GRUB界面添加启动参数：

    systemd.unit=rescue.target   # 单用户模式（需root密码）
systemd.unit=emergency.target # 紧急模式（只挂载根文件系统）

  2. 重新挂载根文件系统为读写：

    mount -o remount,rw /
3. 关键文件修复

重建GRUB（适用于MBR损坏）：

grub2-install /dev/sda        # 安装引导到磁盘
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg  # 生成配置文件

重建initramfs（CentOS/RHEL）：

dracut -f /boot/initramfs-$(uname -r).img $(uname -r)

4、启动流程示意图（文本版）

[UEFI固件] → 加载ESP分区的GRUB → 载入内核和initramfs → 
           |                         |
           |                         v
           ←←←←←←←←←←←←←←←←←   systemd初始化 → 启动target → 用户登录

五、systemd管理机制

init进程是所有进程的父进程，systemd实际上是一种管理init的软件。只能管理rpm安装的

units存储路径
​
/usr/lib/systemd/system

基于unit概念实现，常见的unit类型

单元类型扩展名说明
Service.service描述一个系统服务
Target.target描述一组systemd的单元
Socket.socket描述一个进程间通信的套接字
Device.device描述一个内核识别的设备文件
Mount.mount描述一个文件系统的挂载点
Automount.automount描述一个文件系统的自动挂载点
Swap.swap描述一个内存交换设备或交换文件
Path.path描述一个文件系统中文件或目录
Timer.timer描述一个定时器（用于实现类似cron的调度任务）
Snapshot.snapshot用于保存一个systemd的状态
Scope.scope使用systemd的总线接口以编程的方式创建外部进程
Slice.slice描述居于Cgroup的一组通过层次组织的管理系统进程

1、运行级别

运行级别与target对应关系
运行级别Systemd的target说明
0poweroff.target关机状态，使用该级别时将会关闭主机
1rescue.target单用户模式，不需要密码验证即可登录系统，多用于系统维护
2multi-user.target用户定义/域特定运行级别。默认等同于3
3multi-user.target字符界面的完整多用户模式，大多数服务器主机运行在此级别
4multi-user.target用户定义/域特定运行级别。默认等同于3
5graphical.target图形界面的多用户模式，提供了图形桌面操作环境
6reboot.target重新启动，使用该级别时将会重启主机

查看运行级别

runlevel
​
N|运行级别数字   当前运行级别数字

切换运行级别

init  运行级别数字

查看默认运行级别

systemctl get-default

设置默认运行级别

systemctl set-default  运行级别target

2、systemctl命令的使用

语法结构：

systemctl  服务控制类型   服务名称[.service]

服务控制类型

start：启动

stop：停止

restart：重启，会停止服务

reload：重载，不停止服务，加载配置文件；优雅的重启

status：查看状态

Active: active (running) #正常运行
Active: inactive (dead) #正常停止
Active：failed（Result：exit-code） #错误退出

enable:开机自启动

is-enabled:查看是否开机自启动

systemctl is-enable httpd
disabled
#关闭开机自启动
systemctl is-enable httpd
enabled
#开启开机自启动

disable：开机不进行自启动

--now 配合enable与disable使用；在进行开机自启或不自启的同时进行打开或关闭指定服务

选项
-t
​
指定unit类型
​
Unit Commands
​
list-units
​
列出所有unit，一般与-t结合

案例

systemctl list-units -t service
​
systemctl daemon-reload  #当改变unit的脚本文件后，需要进行重新识别

3、服务启动报错排查

脚本错误

###参数报错
Failed to restart crond.service: Unit is not loaded properly: Invalid argument.
​
See system logs and 'systemctl status crond.service' for details.
​
Loaded: error (Reason: Invalid argument)
​
###命令报错
8月 27 11:57:51 localhost.localdomain systemd[12545]: Failed at step EXEC spawning /usr/sbin/httpd1: No such file or directory
-- Subject: Process /usr/sbin/httpd1 could not be executed
​

配置文件错误

Job for httpd.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status httpd.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
​
Active: failed (Result: exit-code)
​
AH00526: Syntax error on line 42 of /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf:

未知错误

Active: failed (Result: exit-code)
8月 27 12:03:41 localhost.localdomain useradd[12790]: failed adding user 'apache', exit code: 9
没有具体的错误提示
排查关联服务及配置文件

服务排错命令

journalctl -xe

感觉有帮助的朋友，动动发财的小手，给博主点个赞

deeper_wind
关注
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

个

红包个数最小为10个

元

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43元 前往充值 >
需支付：10.00元
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付元
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明：

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币，按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载，可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值