【机器学习】Python开发环境配置-Ubuntu18_[error]: install of driver component failed. [erro-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/derek518/article/details/125615777

本文详细介绍了如何在Ubuntu18系统中配置机器学习开发环境，包括设置国内源、安装基础软件、使用Anaconda管理Python环境、安装Node.js、配置JupyterHub+Lab多用户云notebook环境以及安装Pytorch和CUDA，为深度学习提供GPU支持。整个过程包括conda的安装与管理、JupyterLab的使用以及CUDA和cuDNN的安装步骤。

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一、系统环境

本机操作系统版本为：
Ubuntu 18.04.6 LTS (Bionic Beaver)

二、设置国内源

阿里云：

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

清华源：

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

三、安装基础软件

搜狗拼音输入法，参考：
全网最详尽Ubuntu18安装搜狗输入法教程、
官方搜狗安装指南
注意：可能出现无法输入中文的问题，可以通过重启fcitx来检查是否缺少什么依赖库
```
fcitx restart&
```
在Ubuntu软件商店里安装git, vscode, postman等常用软件

四、Anaconda

1. 安装conda

官网下载安装脚本，对应python3.9，并执行脚本进行安装:

wget https://repo.anaconda.com/archive/Anaconda3-2022.05-Linux-x86_64.sh
# 修改运行权限
chmod +x Anaconda3-2022.05-Linux-x86_64.sh
# 安装到/usr/local/anaconda3目录下，便于多用户使用
sudo ./Anaconda3-2022.05-Linux-x86_64.sh

2. 常用conda命令

#  初始化conda运行环境，可以在root以及新用户环境下运行该命令进行环境