K8S kubectl命令总结

1. 创建 Pod

# kubectl run
kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --port=80

kubectl run -it busybox --rm=true --image=busybox:1.28.4 -- /bin/sh

2. 暴露端口

# kubectl expose
kubectl expose pod nginx --type=NodePort --port=8000 --target-port=80

Port configurations for Kubernetes Services：

• Port: The port of this service
• TargetPort: The target port on the pod(s) to forward traffic to
• NodePort: The port on the node where external traffic will come in on

3. 注释

# kubectl annotate
kubectl annotate pod nginx created_at='2021-10-21 17:32:19'
kubectl annotate pod nginx created_at='2021-10-22 10:21:56' --overwrite 

4. 标签

# label
kubectl label pod nginx unhealthy=true
kubectl label pod nginx unhealthy=false --overwrite 

5. 水平自动伸缩

kubectl autoscale deployment foo --min=2 --max=10
kubectl autoscale rc foo --max=5 --cpu-percent=80

6. 创建资源

# namespace
kubectl create namespace ns1

# role
kubectl create role admin --verb=get,list,watch --resource=pods,pods/status

# rolebinding
kubectl create rolebinding admin --clusterrole=admin --user=user1 --user=user2 --group=group1

# clusterrole
kubectl create clusterrole foo --verb=get,list,watch --resource=pods,pods/status

# clusterrolebinding
kubectl create clusterrolebinding foo --clusterrole=foo --user=user1 --user=user2 --group=group1

# configmap
kubectl create configmap config1 --from-literal=key1=value1 --from-literal=key2=value2

kubectl create configmap config2 --from-file=config.txt
kubectl get configmap config2 -o yaml
apiVersion: v1
data:
  config.txt: |
    a=1
    b=2
    c=3
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: "2021-10-21T11:24:50Z"
  name: config2
  namespace: default
  resourceVersion: "897826"
  uid: a5be5173-5315-40dc-b65a-937d83d2bc04
  
# deployment
kubectl create deployment nginx-deploy --image=nginx --replicas=5 --port=80

# quota
kubectl create quota my-quota --hard=cpu=1,memory=1G,pods=2,services=3,replicationcontrollers=2,resourcequotas=1,secrets=5,persistentvolumeclaims=10

# service
kubectl create service clusterip svc1 --tcp=5678:8080
kubectl create service clusterip svc2 --clusterip="None"
kubectl create service externalname svc3 --external-name bar.com
kubectl create service loadbalancer svc4 --tcp=5678:8080
kubectl create service nodeport svc5 --tcp=5678:8080

# serviceaccount
kubectl create serviceaccount my-service-account

# secret 
kubectl create secret tls tls-secret --cert=path/to/tls.cert --key=path/to/tls.key
kubectl create secret generic my-secret --from-file=ssh-privatekey=~/.ssh/id_rsa --from-file=ssh-publickey=~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
kubectl create secret docker-registry my-secret --docker-server=DOCKER_REGISTRY_SERVER --docker-username=DOCKER_USER --docker-password=DOCKER_PASSWORD --docker-email=DOCKER_EMAIL

7. 更新资源字段

# kubectl patch
kubectl patch node k8s-node01 -p '{"spec":{"unschedulable":true}}'

kubectl patch pod nginx -p '{"spec":{"containers":[{"name":"nginx","image":"nginx:1.21.3"}]}}'

8. 滚动升级

# kubectl rollout
kubectl rollout history deployment/nginx-deploy

kubectl rollout pause deployment/nginx-deploy   # 暂停更新
kubectl rollout resume deployment/nginx-deploy  # 恢复更新

kubectl rollout status deployment/nginx-deploy

kubectl rollout undo deployment/nginx-deploy

9. 调整副本数

kubectl scale --replicas=10 deployment/nginx-deploy

10. 资源设置

# 设置资源限制
kubectl set resources deployment nginx-deploy --limits=cpu=200m,memory=512Mi --requests=cpu=100m,memory=256Mi


# 设置镜像
kubectl set image deployment/nginx-deploy nginx=nginx:1.21.3

11. 命令表

参考文档：https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/kubectl/overview/#operations