Gammar(1)

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-08 08:34:49 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-07-08 08:34:49 发布

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分类专栏： Grammar

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For website: https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/rules.htm

what is Grammar?

syntax (语法) and morphology (词法)

Grammar is not a 'rule', because it is not created the rules first.

What we call "grammar" is simply a reflection of a language at a particular time.

Grammar can help you to learn a language more quickly and more efficiently.

Grammar Rules

1\ A sentence starts with a capital letter and ends with a period/full stop, Punc-tu-ation(标点)

2\ Subject-Verb-Object

3\ A sentence must have a subject and a verb. An object is optional.
However, for an im-pera-tive (very important and needing immediate attention or actin) sentence, it may have a verb only, but the object is understood.

4\ The subject and verb must agree in number, that is a singular subject needs a singular verb and a plural subject needs a plural verb.
	a sin-gu-lar subject 
	a plural subject
	
5\ 	John ar Mary is coming tonight.
	Either coffee or tea is fine.
	Neither John nor Mary was late.
	
6\ Adjectives usually come before a noun.

7\ When using two or more adjectives together, the usual order is 
	opinion adjective : 意见形容词 nice, interesting and so on
	fact adjective:	事实形容词 French, Shakespearian(莎士比亚的)
8\ Treat collective nouns (e.g. committee, company, board of directors) as singular (BrE 英式英语) or plural (AmE 美式英语)

9\ These words its and it's are two different words with different meanings.
	The dog has hurt its leg.
	He says it's two o'clock.

10\ These words there, their and they're are three different words with different meanings.

11\ the contraction he's can mean he is OR he has.
	He's ==> he is / he has
	She's ==> she is / she has
	Johh's ==> John is / John has

12\ he'd ==> he had / he would 
	they'd ==> they had / they would 
	
13\ Spell a proper noun (专有名词) with an initial capital letter.
	capital letter (大写字母)

14\ indefinite article a / an ==> countable nouns
	definite article the ==> specific countable nouns and all uncountable nouns.
	
15\ the indefinite article 'a' with words beginning with a con-son-ant sound (辅音)
	'an' with words beginning with a vowel sound (元音).

16\ many or few ==> countable nouns
	much / a lot / little ==> uncountable nouns
	
17\ To show possession (所有权) use a 's for singular owners, and s' for plural owners.

18\ the active voice 主动语态
	the passive voice 被动语态