文章目录
SpringBoot之web开发实例
一 访问首页
默认访问首页使用WebMVCConfigureAdapter来添加视图控制器代替controller中的访问方法
代码实现:
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
//所有的WebMvcConfigurerAdapter组件都会一起起作用
@Bean //将组件注册在容器
public WebMvcConfigurerAdapter webMvcConfigurerAdapter(){
WebMvcConfigurerAdapter adapter = new WebMvcConfigurerAdapter() {
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("login");
registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("login");
registry.addViewController("/main.html").setViewName("dashboard");
}
}
二 国际化
1 SpringMVC处理国际化步骤
(1)编写国际化配置文件
(2)使用ResourceBundleMessageSource管理国际化资源文件
(3)在页面使用fmt:message取出国际化内容
2 SpringBoot处理国际化步骤
(1)编写国际化配置文件,抽取页面需要显示的国际化信息
(2)springBoot自动配置好了管理国际化资源文件的组件
追踪源码如下:
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.messages")
public class MessageSourceAutoConfiguration {
/**
* Comma‐separated list of basenames (essentially a fully‐qualified classpath
* location), each following the ResourceBundle convention with relaxed support for
* slash based locations. If it doesn't contain a package qualifier (such as
* "org.mypackage"), it will be resolved from the classpath root.
*/
private String basename = "messages";
//**我们的配置文件可以直接放在类路径下叫messages.properties**;
@Bean
public MessageSource messageSource() {
ResourceBundleMessageSource messageSource = new ResourceBundleMessageSource();
if (StringUtils.hasText(this.basename)) {
//**设置国际化资源文件的基础名(去掉语言国家代码的)**
messageSource.setBasenames(StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(StringUtils.trimAllWhitespace(this.basename)));
}
if (this.encoding != null) {
messageSource.setDefaultEncoding(this.encoding.name());
}
messageSource.setFallbackToSystemLocale(this.fallbackToSystemLocale);
messageSource.setCacheSeconds(this.cacheSeconds);
messageSource.setAlwaysUseMessageFormat(this.alwaysUseMessageFormat);
return messageSource;
}
(3)去页面获取国际化的值
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<title>Signin Template for Bootstrap</title>
<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<link href="asserts/css/bootstrap.min.css" th:href="@{/webjars/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.css}" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
<link href="asserts/css/signin.css" th:href="@{/asserts/css/signin.css}" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body class="text-center">
<form class="form-signin" action="dashboard.html" th:action="@{/user/login}" method="post">
<img class="mb-4" th:src="@{/asserts/img/bootstrap-solid.svg}" src="asserts/img/bootstrap-solid.svg" alt="" width="72" height="72">
<h1 class="h3 mb-3 font-weight-normal" **th:text="#{login.tip}"**>Please sign in</h1>
<!--判断-->
<p style="color: red" th:text="${msg}" th:if="${not #strings.isEmpty(msg)}"></p>
<label class="sr-only" **th:text="#{login.username}"**>Username</label>
<input type="text" name="username" class="form-control" placeholder="Username" **th:placeholder="#{login.username}"** required="" autofocus="">
<label class="sr-only" **th:text="#{login.password}"**>Password</label>
<input type="password" name="password" class="form-control" placeholder="Password" th:placeholder="#{login.password}" required="">
<div class="checkbox mb-3">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" value="remember-me"/> [[#{
login.remember}]]
</label>
</div>
<button class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" type="submit" th:text="#{login.btn}">Sign in</button>
<p class="mt-5 mb-3 text-muted">© 2017-2018</p>
<a class="btn btn-sm" th:href="@{/index.html(l='zh_CN')}">中文</a>
<a class="btn btn-sm" th:href="@{/index.html(l='en_US')}">English</a>
</form>
</body>
</html>
SpringBoot实现国际化原理
主要是两个对象:Locale(区域信息对象)和LocaleResolver(获取区域信息对象),默认的就是根据请求头带来的区域信息获取Locale进行国际化
追踪源码如下:
@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.mvc", name = "locale")
public LocaleResolver localeResolver() {
if (this.mvcProperties.getLocaleResolver() == WebMvcProperties.LocaleResolver.FIXED) {
return new FixedLocaleResolver(this.mvcProperties.getLocale());
}
AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver localeResolver = new AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver();
localeResolver.setDefaultLocale(this.mvcProperties.getLocale());
return localeResolver;
}
(4)点击链接切换国际化
在登录页面的连接加参数
<a class="btn btn-sm" th:href="@{/index.html(**l='zh_CN')**}">中文</a>
<a class="btn btn-sm" th:href="@{/index.html(**l='en_US'**)}">English</a>
代码实现:
/**
* 可以在连接上携带区域信息
*/
public class MyLocaleResolver implements LocaleResolver {
@Override
public Locale resolveLocale(HttpServletRequest request) {
String l = request.getParameter("l");
Locale locale = Locale.getDefault();
if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(l)){
String[] split = l.split("_");
locale = new Locale(split[0],split[1]);
}
return locale;
}
@Override
public void setLocale(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Locale locale) {
}
}
//在MyMVCConfig配置类中将写的MyLocaleResolver加入容器中
@Bean
public LocaleResolver localeResolver(){
return new MyLocaleResolver();
}
页面截图如下:
三 登录拦截器
1 登录错误信息显示
页面修改实时生效小技巧:
在配置文件中禁用thymeleaf的缓存
spring.thymeleaf.cache=false
页面修改完后Ctrl+F9重新编译页面
登录错误信息页面显示代码:
<--加判断条件进行错误信息显示-->
<p style="color: red" th:text="${msg}" th:if="${not #strings.isEmpty(msg)}"></p>
2 登录拦截器检查
(1)登录拦截器定义
/**
* 登陆检查,
*/
public class LoginHandlerInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
//目标方法执行之前
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
Object user = request.getSession().getAttribute("loginUser");
if(user == null){
//未登陆,返回登陆页面
request.setAttribute("msg","没有权限请先登陆");
request.getRequestDispatcher("/index.html").forward(request,response);
return false;
}else{
//已登陆,放行请求
return true;
}
}
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
}
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
}
}
(2)注册定义的登录拦截器
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
//所有的WebMvcConfigurerAdapter组件都会一起起作用
@Bean //将组件注册在容器
public WebMvcConfigurerAdapter webMvcConfigurerAdapter(){
WebMvcConfigurerAdapter adapter = new WebMvcConfigurerAdapter() {
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("login");
registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("login");
registry.addViewController("/main.html").setViewName("dashboard");
}
//注册拦截器
@Override
public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
//super.addInterceptors(registry);
//静态资源; *.css , *.js
//SpringBoot已经做好了静态资源映射
registry.addInterceptor(new LoginHandlerInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/**") .excludePathPatterns("/index.html","/","/user/login");
}
};
return adapter;
}
@Bean
public LocaleResolver localeResolver(){
return new MyLocaleResolver();
}
}
四 页面公共部分抽取(thymeleaf)
1 抽取公共页面
抽取页面的头部、尾部和导航栏的公共部分代码
(1)实现方法:
1、抽取公共片段
<div th:fragment="copy">
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</div>
2、引入公共片段
<div th:insert="~{footer :: copy}"></div>
引入两种方式:
(1)~{
templatename::selector}:模板名::选择器
(2)~{
templatename::fragmentname}:模板名::片段名
3、默认效果:
(1)insert的公共片段在div标签中
(2)如果使用th:insert等属性进行引入,可以不用写~{
}:
(3)行内写法可以加上:[[~{
}]];[(~{
})];
(2)三种引入公共片段的th属性区别
① th:insert:将公共片段整个插入到声明引入的元素中
② th:replace:将声明引入的元素替换为公共片段
③ th:include:将被引入的片段的内容包含进这个标签中
<footer th:fragment="copy">
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</footer>
引入方式
<div th:insert="footer :: copy"></div>
<div th:replace="footer :: copy"></div>
<div th:include="footer :: copy"></div>
效果
insert:
<div>