字符设备驱动（1）——点亮led

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-31 00:51:20 发布

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本文介绍了一个简单的嵌入式GPIO驱动程序实现过程，包括字符设备注册、类和设备创建、地址映射以及用户空间与内核空间的数据交互。通过具体代码示例展示了驱动的关键步骤。

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#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/irq.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/arch/regs-gpio.h>
#include <asm/hardware.h>

static struct class *firstdrv_class;
static struct class_device	*firstdrv_class_dev;

volatile unsigned long *gpfcon = NULL;
volatile unsigned long *gpfdat = NULL;


static int first_drv_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
    *gpfcon &= ~((0x3<<(4*2)) | (0x3<<(5*2)) | (0x3<<(6*2)));
    *gpfcon |= ((0x1<<(4*2)) | (0x1<<(5*2)) | (0x1<<(6*2)));
    return 0;
}

static ssize_t first_drv_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t * ppos)
{
    int val;

    copy_from_user(&val, buf, count); //	copy_to_user();

    if (val == 1)
    {
        *gpfdat &= ~((1<<4) | (1<<5) | (1<<6));
    }
    else
    {
        *gpfdat |= (1<<4) | (1<<5) | (1<<6);
    }

    return 0;
}

static struct file_operations first_drv_fops = {
    .owner  =   THIS_MODULE,
    .open   =   first_drv_open,     
    .write  =	first_drv_write,	   
};


int major;
static int first_drv_init(void)
{
    major = register_chrdev(0, "first_drv", &first_drv_fops);
    firstdrv_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "firstdrv");
    firstdrv_class_dev = class_device_create(firstdrv_class, NULL, MKDEV(major, 0), NULL, "xyz"); 

    gpfcon = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000050, 16);
    gpfdat = gpfcon + 1;

    return 0;
}

static void first_drv_exit(void)
{
    unregister_chrdev(major, "first_drv");

    class_device_unregister(firstdrv_class_dev);
    class_destroy(firstdrv_class);
    iounmap(gpfcon);
}

module_init(first_drv_init);
module_exit(first_drv_exit);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

代码出自“韦东山视频”。

1、注册字符设备

major = register_chrdev(0, "first_drv", &first_drv_fops);

2、创建class

firstdrv_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "firstdrv");

3、创建class_device，自动生成/dev/xyz

firstdrv_class_dev = class_device_create(firstdrv_class, NULL, MKDEV(major, 0), NULL, "xyz");

4、地址映射，将寄存器物理地址映射到虚拟地址，驱动程序中只能使用虚拟地址

gpfcon = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000050, 16);

5、用户空间与内核空间传递数据

copy_from_user(&val, buf, count); //	copy_to_user();