【JavaEE---复习】四、事务

本文介绍了Spring的声明式事务管理,包括什么是声明式事务控制,重点讲述了基于XML和注解的两种方式实现。XML配置中涉及事务的隔离级别、传播行为、超时时间和只读设置,而在注解方式下,通过@Transactional注解在类或方法上进行事务控制。通过实例展示了配置过程和测试结果。

摘要生成于 C知道 ,由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持, 前往体验 >

1.什么是声明式事务控制

Spring的声明式事务:采用声明的方式来处理事务。
声明指的是在配置文件中声明,用在Spring配置文件中声明式的处理事务来代替代码式的处理事务。
Spring声明式事务控制底层就是AOP
主要注意的点:谁是切点,谁是通知,配置切面

2.基于XML的声明式事务控制

  1. 引入tx命名空间(Pom.xml引入

  2. 配置事务增强

  3. 配置事务AOP织入(ApplicationContext.xml

  4. 测试

    tx:method 表示切点方法的事务参数的配置
    Name: 切点方法的名称
    Isolation:事务的隔离级别
    Propogation:事务的传播行为
    Timeout:超时时间
    Read-only:是否只读
    例子:计算库存与售出数量,若售出50件商品,库存数量减50,售出数据加50
    在这里插入图片描述
    ** 引入tx命名空间(Pom.xml引入**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>Lab5-SpringAOP-2.1</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.16</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13.2</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>


</project>

配置事务增强 + 配置事务AOP织入 (applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <!--扫包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.hyy"></context:component-scan>

    <!-- 数据源对象-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/example?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8&amp;serverTimezone=GMT%2B8"></property>
        <property name="user" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="root"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--jdbc模板对象-->
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

    <!--下面为加载类-->
    <bean id="billDao" class="com.hyy.dao.impl.BillDaoImpl">
        <property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--目标对象  内部方法就是切点-->
    <bean id="billService" class="com.hyy.service.impl.BillServiceImpl">
        <property name="billDao" ref="billDao"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--配置平台事务管理器,得声明dao是jdbc还是hibernate-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--通知  事务的增强-->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <!--设置事务的属性信息的-->
        <tx:attributes>
            <!--transfer是AccountServiceImpl有的方法,就是给Tranfer绑定事务-->
            <tx:method name="transfer" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false"/>
            <!--update是AccountServiceImpl有的方法,带*号就是给update开头的方法绑定事务
             <tx:method name="update*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false"/>-->
            <tx:method name="*"></tx:method>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <!--配置事务的aop织入-->
    <aop:config>
        <!--抽取切点表达式-->
        <aop:pointcut id="txPointcut" expression="execution(* com.hyy.service.impl.*.*(..))"/>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointcut"></aop:advisor>
    </aop:config>


</beans>

dao层(数据持久层
接口

package com.hyy.dao;

public interface BillDao {
    public void in(String inStatus,int num);
    public void out(String outStatus,int mun);
}

实现类

package com.hyy.dao.impl;

import com.hyy.dao.BillDao;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

public class BillDaoImpl implements BillDao {

    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
        this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
    }

    //售出数量增加
    @Override
    public void in(String inStatus, int num) {
        jdbcTemplate.update("update bill set num=num+? where status=?",num,inStatus);

    }

    //库存数量减少
    @Override
    public void out(String outStatus, int num) {
        jdbcTemplate.update("update bill set num=num-? where status=?",num,outStatus);
    }
}

实体类

package com.hyy.domain;

public class Bill {
    private int id;
    private String status;
    private int num;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getStatus() {
        return status;
    }

    public void setStatus(String status) {
        this.status = status;
    }

    public int getNum() {
        return num;
    }

    public void setNum(int num) {
        this.num = num;
    }
}

服务层Service
接口

package com.hyy.service;

public interface BillService {
    public void transfer(String inStatus,String outStatus,int num);

}

实现类

package com.hyy.service.impl;

import com.hyy.dao.BillDao;
import com.hyy.service.BillService;

public class BillServiceImpl implements BillService {
    private BillDao billDao;

    public void setBillDao(BillDao billDao) {
        this.billDao = billDao;
    }

    @Override
    public void transfer(String inStatus, String outStatus, int num) {
        //售出数量增加
        billDao.in(inStatus,num);
        //查看能否事务控制,出错后是否会出现售出数量增加但是库存数量没有减少的情况
        //int i=1/0;
        //库存数量减少
        billDao.out(outStatus,num);
    }
}

测试

package com.hyy.text;

import com.hyy.service.BillService;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class BillTest {
    @Test
    public void test01(){
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        BillService billService = context.getBean(BillService.class);
        //售出+50  库存-50
        billService.transfer("售出","库存",50);
    }
}

测试结果
测试前
在这里插入图片描述

测试后
在这里插入图片描述

3.基于注解的声明式事务控制

  • 1.编写Dao
  • 2.编写Service
  • 3.applicationContext.xml 配置文件
  • 4.测试

注解声明式事务控制的配置要点:
1.使用@Transactional 在需要进行事务控制的类或是方法上修饰,注解可以用的属性同xml配置 方式,例如隔离级别,传播行为。
2.注解使用在类上,那么该类下的所有方法都使用同一套注解参数配置
3.使用在方法上,不同方法可以采用不同的事务参数配置
4.xml配置文件中要开启事务的注解驱动tx:annotatio-driven

在这里插入图片描述
pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>Lab5-SpringAOP-2.2</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>


    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.16</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13.2</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>



</project>

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">


    <!--配置平台事务管理器,得声明dao是jdbc还是hibernate-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>


    <!-- 数据源对象-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/example?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8&amp;serverTimezone=GMT%2B8"></property>
        <property name="user" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="root"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--jdbc模板对象-->
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

    <!--组件扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.hyy"/>

    <!--事务的注解驱动-->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
</beans>

dao层(数据访问层
接口

package com.hyy.dao;

public interface BillDao {
    public void in(String inStatus,int num);
    public void out(String outStatus,int mun);
}

实现类

package com.hyy.dao.impl;

import com.hyy.dao.BillDao;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

@Repository("billDao")
public class BillDaoImpl implements BillDao {

    @Autowired
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;


    @Override
    public void in(String inStatus, int num) {
        jdbcTemplate.update("update bill set num=num+? where status=?",num,inStatus);

    }

    @Override
    public void out(String outStatus, int num) {
        jdbcTemplate.update("update bill set num=num-? where status=?",num,outStatus);
    }
}

实体类

package com.hyy.domain;

public class Bill {
    /*实体类*/
    private int id;
    private String status;
    private int num;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getStatus() {
        return status;
    }

    public void setStatus(String status) {
        this.status = status;
    }

    public int getNum() {
        return num;
    }

    public void setNum(int num) {
        this.num = num;
    }
}

服务层Sevice
接口

package com.hyy.service;

public interface BillService {
    public void transfer(String inStatus,String outStatus,int num);

}

实现类

package com.hyy.service.impl;

import com.hyy.dao.BillDao;
import com.hyy.service.BillService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Isolation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

@Service("billService")
@Transactional(isolation = Isolation.REPEATABLE_READ)//隔离事务
public class BillServiceImpl implements BillService {

    @Autowired
    private BillDao billDao;

    @Override
    public void transfer(String inStatus, String outStatus, int num) {
        billDao.in(inStatus,num);
       //int i=1/0;
        billDao.out(outStatus,num);
    }
}

测试

package com.hyy.text;

import com.hyy.service.BillService;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class BillTest {
        @Test
    public void test01(){
            ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
            BillService billService = context.getBean(BillService.class);
            billService.transfer("售出","库存",50);
        }
}

评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值