ffmpeg音频重采样分析

最新推荐文章于 2025-05-11 01:31:59 发布

原创

最新推荐文章于 2025-05-11 01:31:59 发布 · 5.8k 阅读

6 ·

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

在学习ffmpeg2.4教程时，由于版本差异，发现解码后的音频需进行重采样才能播放。本文通过分析ffmpeg源代码doc/examples/resampling_audio.c，介绍音频重采样的过程。在Windows XP和CodeBlocks13.12环境下，讲解如何进行音频从48000Hz到44100Hz的重采样，包括源数据和目标数据的设置、SwrContext结构体的初始化及内存分配等关键步骤。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

主机环境：Windows XP

开发环境：CodeBlocks13.12

ffmpeg版本：ffmpeg2.4

在学习ffmpeg教程http://dranger.com/ffmpeg/ffmpeg.html的过程中，由于教程中的ffmpeg版本较低，与ffmpeg2.4API有些许出入，解码后的音频不能直接播放了，在ffplayer.c中都对解码后的音频进行了重采样操作，于是乎去了解了一下重采样的相关知识，学习例程是ffmpeg2.4源代码目录下的doc/examples/resampling_audio.c文件，为便于学习修改后的代码如下

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2012 Stefano Sabatini
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
 * THE SOFTWARE.
 */

/**
 * @example resampling_audio.c
 * libswresample API use example.
 */

#include <libavutil/opt.h>
#include <libavutil/channel_layout.h>
#include <libavutil/samplefmt.h>
#include <libswresample/swresample.h>

/*
获取采样格式
*/
static int get_format_from_sample_fmt(const char **fmt,
                                      enum AVSampleFormat sample_fmt)
{
    int i;
    struct sample_fmt_entry {
        enum AVSampleFormat sample_fmt; const char *fmt_be, *fmt_le;
    } sample_fmt_entries[] = {
        { AV_SAMPLE_FMT_U8,  "u8",    "u8"    },
        { AV_SAMPLE_FMT_S16, "s16be", "s16le" },
        { AV_SAMPLE_FMT_S32, "s32be", "s32le" },
        { AV_SAMPLE_FMT_FLT, "f32be", "f32le" },
        { AV_SAMPLE_FMT_DBL, "f64be", "f64le" },
    };
    *fmt = NULL;

    for (i = 0; i < FF_ARRAY_ELEMS(sample_fmt_entries); i++) {
        struct sample_fmt_entry *entry = &sample_fmt_entries[i];
        if (sample_fmt == entry->sample_fmt) {
            *fmt = AV_NE(entry->fmt_be, entry->fmt_le);
            return 0;
        }
    }

    fprintf(stderr,
            "Sample format %s not supported as output format\n",
            av_get_sample_fmt_name(sample_fmt));
    return AVERROR(EINVAL);
}

/**
 * Fill dst buffer with nb_samples, generated starting from t.
 *使用nb_samples 填充dst buffer，确保从t开始
 *在440hz的曲线上以sample_rate的频率取nb_samples个样本点存储在dst中，nb_channels通道数据都一样
 */
static void fill_samples(double *dst, int nb_samples, int nb_channels, int sample_rate, double *t)
{
    int i, j;
    double tincr = 1.0 / sample_rate, *dstp = dst;//tincr是时间间隔
    const double c = 2 * M_PI * 440.0;//频率440Hz
    /* generate sin tone with 440Hz frequency and duplicated channels */
    for (i = 0; i < nb_samples; i++) {
        *dstp = sin(c * *t);//得到曲线上的采样点
        for (j = 1; j < nb_channels; j++)
            dstp[j] = dstp[0];//每一个通道都与第一个通道写一样的值