老师希望设计校园标志，需要用到多个相切的圆。任务是编写程序计算添加特定数量小圆后的总面积。
The Designer
Time Limit: 8000/4000 MS (Java/Others) Memory Limit: 32768/32768 K (Java/Others)Total Submission(s): 1049 Accepted Submission(s): 34
Problem Description
Nowadays, little
haha
got a problem from his teacher.His teacher wants to design a big logo for the campus with some circles tangent with each other. And now, here comes the problem. The teacher want to draw the logo on a big plane. You could see the example of the graph in theFigure1
At first, haha's teacher gives him two big circles, which are tangent with each other. And, then, he wants to add more small circles in the area where is outside of the small circle, but on the other hand, inside the bigger one (you may understand this easily if you look carefully at theFigure1.
Each small circles are added by the following principles.
* you should add the small circles in the order like Figure1.
* every time you add a small circle, you should make sure that it is tangented with the other circles (2 or 3 circles) likeFigure1.
The teacher wants to know the total amount of pigment he would use when he creates his master piece.haha doesn't know how to answer the question, so he comes to you.
Task
The teacher would give you the number of small circles he want to add in the figure. You are supposed to write a program to calculate the total area of all the small circles.
At first, haha's teacher gives him two big circles, which are tangent with each other. And, then, he wants to add more small circles in the area where is outside of the small circle, but on the other hand, inside the bigger one (you may understand this easily if you look carefully at theFigure1.
Each small circles are added by the following principles.
* you should add the small circles in the order like Figure1.
* every time you add a small circle, you should make sure that it is tangented with the other circles (2 or 3 circles) likeFigure1.
The teacher wants to know the total amount of pigment he would use when he creates his master piece.haha doesn't know how to answer the question, so he comes to you.
Task
The teacher would give you the number of small circles he want to add in the figure. You are supposed to write a program to calculate the total area of all the small circles.
Input
The first line contains a integert(1≤t≤1200),
which means the number of the test cases. For each test case, the first line insist of two integersR1
and R2
separated by a space (1≤R≤100),
which are the radius of the two big circles. You could assume that the two circles are internally tangented. The second line have a simple integerN
(1≤N≤10 000 000),
which is the number of small circles the teacher want to add.
Output
For each test case:
Contains a number in a single line, which shows the total area of the small circles. You should out put your answer with exactly 5 digits after the decimal point (NO SPJ).
Contains a number in a single line, which shows the total area of the small circles. You should out put your answer with exactly 5 digits after the decimal point (NO SPJ).
Sample Input
2 5 4 1 4 5 1
Sample Output
3.14159 3.14159
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