tf.zeros_like

“tf.zeros_like(obstacle_dists)”这是一个什么方法？

“obstacle_penalty = tf.where( obstacle_dists < SAFE_DISTANCE, -10.0 * (SAFE_DISTANCE - obstacle_dists), tf.zeros_like(obstacle_dists) )”你可以以上面的代码为案例，教我使用tf.where吗？最后在帮我一行一行地解释一下这个代码

“obstacle_penalty = tf.where( obstacle_dists < SAFE_DISTANCE, -10.0 * (SAFE_DISTANCE - obstacle_dists), tf.zeros_like(obstacle_dists) )”我对着里面if.where的用法感到很疑惑，你可以帮我一行一行解释一下吗？

attention_map_normalized_opt = tf.zeros_like(attention_map) for i in range(attention_map.shape[3]): channel = attention_map[:, :, :, i] # channel = np.reshape(attention_map[:, :, i],14,14) # for j in range(attention_map.shape[0]): #14*14 # max_value = np.max(channel) threshold = tf.contrib.distributions.percentile(channel,60)# yu zhi wei 60%,she qu xia yu 60%de bu fen threshold1 = np.full((14,14),threshold) print(channel,type(channel)) print(threshold1,type(threshold1)) normalized_channel = tf.where(channel >= threshold1, channel, 0) attention_map_normalized_opt = tf.concat([attention_map_normalized_opt[:, :, :i], tf.expend_dims(normalized_channel, axis=-1), attention_map_normalized_opt[:, :, i+1:]], axis=-1)有哪些错误，帮我改过来

代码检查 # 初始化模型和优化器 generator = make_generator_model() discriminator = make_discriminator_model() cross_entropy = tf.keras.losses.BinaryCrossentropy() generator_optimizer = tf.keras.optimizers.Adam(1e-4) discriminator_optimizer = tf.keras.optimizers.Adam(1e-4) # 定义损失函数 def discriminator_loss(real_output, fake_output): real_loss = cross_entropy(tf.ones_like(real_output), real_output) fake_loss = cross_entropy(tf.zeros_like(fake_output), fake_output) return real_loss + fake_loss def generator_loss(fake_output): return cross_entropy(tf.ones_like(fake_output), fake_output) # 训练步骤 @tf.function def train_step(images): noise = tf.random.normal([BATCH_SIZE, NOISE_DIM]) with tf.GradientTape() as gen_tape, tf.GradientTape() as disc_tape: generated_images = generator(noise, training=True) real_output = discriminator(images, training=True) fake_output = discriminator(generated_images, training=True) gen_loss = generator_loss(fake_output) disc_loss = discriminator_loss(real_output, fake_output) gradients_of_generator = gen_tape.gradient(gen_loss, generator.trainable_variables) gradients_of_discriminator = disc_tape.gradient(disc_loss, discriminator.trainable_variables) generator_optimizer.apply_gradients(zip(gradients_of_generator, generator.trainable_variables)) discriminator_optimizer.apply_gradients(zip(gradients_of_discriminator, discriminator.trainable_variables)) return gen_loss, disc_loss # 训练循环 def train(dataset, epochs): for epoch in range(epochs): for image_batch in dataset: gen_loss, disc_loss = train_step(image_batch) # 每5个epoch输出一次生成结果 if (epoch + 1) % 5 == 0: generate_and_save_images(generator, epoch + 1, tf.random.normal([16, NOISE_DIM])) print(f'Epoch {epoch+1}, Gen Loss: {gen_loss}, Disc Loss: {disc_loss}') # 生成示例图像 def generate_and_save_images(model, epoch, test_input): predictions = model(test_input, training=False) fig = plt.figure(figsize=(4,4)) for i in range(predictions.shape[0]): plt.subplot(4, 4, i+1) plt.imshow(predictions[i, :, :, 0] * 127.5 + 127.5, cmap='gray') plt.axis('off') plt.savefig('image_at_epoch_{:04d}.png'.format(epoch)) plt.show() # 开始训练 train(train_dataset, EPOCHS)