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本文介绍PostgreSQL中PL/pgSQL语言如何使用RAISE语句来报告消息及引发错误。通过设置不同级别，可以生成不同优先级的消息，并且可以通过配置变量控制消息的输出方式。文中还提供了具体的示例来展示如何使用RAISE语句。

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官方文档：http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.1/static/plpgsql-errors-and-messages.html

Use the statement to report messages and raise errors.

RAISE  '' [,  [, ...]];

Possible levels are , , , , , and . raises an error (which normally aborts the current transaction); the other levels only generate messages of different priority levels. Whether messages of a particular priority are reported to the client, written to the server log, or both is controlled by the log_min_messages and client_min_messages configuration variables. See Chapter 17 for more information.

Inside the format string, is replaced by the next optional argument's string representation. Write to emit a literal . Arguments can be simple variables or expressions, and the format must be a simple string literal.

In this example, the value of will replace the in the string:

RAISE NOTICE 'Calling cs_create_job(%)', v_job_id;

This example will abort the transaction with the given error message:

RAISE EXCEPTION 'Nonexistent ID --> %', user_id;

presently always generates the same SQLSTATE code, , no matter what message it is invoked with. It is possible to trap this exception with but there is no way to tell one from another.