Python abs, bool, dir, eval, exec

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-01 19:03:27 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-04-01 19:03:27 发布

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分类专栏： Python 文章标签： python

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本文介绍了Python中的基本概念，包括绝对值计算、布尔值判断、函数调用列表、类定义及使用帮助文档查看函数说明等。此外还讲解了求和、表达式求值、执行Python代码片段等实用技巧。

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abs

print(abs(10))
print(abs(-10))
print(abs(-1.1))

10
10
1.1

abs(0.00000001 - 0) < 1e-6

True

bool

print(bool(0))
print(bool(1))

False
True

print(bool(None))
print(bool(''))
print(bool([]))
print(bool({}))

False
False
False
False

print(bool(' '))

True

dir

显示可调用的函数

dir([])

['__add__',
 '__class__',
 '__contains__',
 '__delattr__',
 '__delitem__',
 '__dir__',
 '__doc__',
 '__eq__',
 '__format__',
 '__ge__',
 '__getattribute__',
 '__getitem__',
 '__gt__',
 '__hash__',
 '__iadd__',
 '__imul__',
 '__init__',
 '__init_subclass__',
 '__iter__',
 '__le__',
 '__len__',
 '__lt__',
 '__mul__',
 '__ne__',
 '__new__',
 '__reduce__',
 '__reduce_ex__',
 '__repr__',
 '__reversed__',
 '__rmul__',
 '__setattr__',
 '__setitem__',
 '__sizeof__',
 '__str__',
 '__subclasshook__',
 'append',
 'clear',
 'copy',
 'count',
 'extend',
 'index',
 'insert',
 'pop',
 'remove',
 'reverse',
 'sort']

用help显示某个函数的简短描述

help([].append)

Help on built-in function append:

append(...) method of builtins.list instance
    L.append(object) -> None -- append object to end

class A():
    """
    A is just a test class
    """
    def __init__(self):
        pass

    def printA(self):
        pass

    def Hello(self):
        pass

a = A()
dir(A)

['Hello',
 '__class__',
 '__delattr__',
 '__dict__',
 '__dir__',
 '__doc__',
 '__eq__',
 '__format__',
 '__ge__',
 '__getattribute__',
 '__gt__',
 '__hash__',
 '__init__',
 '__init_subclass__',
 '__le__',
 '__lt__',
 '__module__',
 '__ne__',
 '__new__',
 '__reduce__',
 '__reduce_ex__',
 '__repr__',
 '__setattr__',
 '__sizeof__',
 '__str__',
 '__subclasshook__',
 '__weakref__',
 'printA']

help(A)

Help on class A in module __main__:

class A(builtins.object)
 |  A is just a test class
 |  
 |  Methods defined here:
 |  
 |  Hello(self)
 |  
 |  __init__(self)
 |      Initialize self.  See help(type(self)) for accurate signature.
 |  
 |  printA(self)
 |  
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Data descriptors defined here:
 |  
 |  __dict__
 |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
 |  
 |  __weakref__
 |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)

A.__doc__

'\n    A is just a test class\n    '

sum

sum([1,2,3,4,5])

eval exec

eval('10**2')

my_small_program = '''
for i in range(10):
    print(i, end = '')
'''
exec(my_small_program)

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