【Python基础】Numpy 低纬高纬数据存储_numpy存储高维数据-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/liudongdong19/article/details/128523453

文章介绍了numpy数组的属性，如ndim,shape,size和dtype，并详细讲解了Python中数据的存储方法，包括numpy的savetxt和loadtxt函数，pickle模块以及scipy的Mat文件读写。此外，还提到了使用json进行数据序列化的方式。

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title: numpy&FileSave
date: 2021-5-26 18:45:45
author: liudongdong1
img: https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2021/06/12/12/17/bread-6330807__340.jpg
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categories: 编程语言
tags:

Python
numpy

1. attributes

ndarray.ndim： the number of axes (dimensions) of the array.
ndarray.shape: For a matrix with n rows and m columns, shape will be (n,m). The length of the shape tuple is therefore the number of axes, ndim.
ndarray.size: the total number of elements of the array.
ndarray.dtype: numpy.int32, numpy.int16, and numpy.float64
create: np.array(列表数据)

2. 数据存储

.0. 按行存储

with open(filename,coding):
    data=f.read()
    
with open('result.txt',mode='a+') as f:
    f.write("preds:{},charpre:{},charclassify:{}".format(index,charclass,charpre))  # write 写入

#f.readline()#读取第一行
#f.readlines() #把内容按行读取至一个list

.1. 一/二维数据

numpy.savetxt(fname, X, fmt=‘%.18e’, delimiter=’ ‘, newline=’\n’, header=‘’, footer=‘’, comments='# ', encoding=None)

fname：表示要保存文件的地址，可以自己建文件名，如‘test.txt’
X：表示要保存的文件
fmt: 存储格式，如 %d, %.2f
delimiter ：分隔符，默认空格，也可以用逗号等
newline:表示换行的时候用什么，默认\n，表示换一行，也可以用\t，则表示空四
header：表示头文件，如“test_data"
footer: 文件下的脚注
comment：注释，默认是#,因为python的注释是#，也可以用其它符号

numpy.``loadtxt(fname, dtype=<class ‘float’>, comments=‘#’, delimiter=None**,** converters=None**,** skiprows=0**,** usecols=None**,** unpack=False**,** ndmin=0**,** encoding=‘bytes’, max_rows=None**,** *, like=None)

np.savetxt(filename, list1,fmt='%d',delimiter=',')
dets= np.loadtxt(filename,delimiter=',')

.2. 高维数据

.1. pickle

write

import pickle
my_data = {'a': [1, 2.0, 3, 4+6j],
           'b': ('string', u'Unicode string'),
           'c': None}
output = open('data.pkl', 'wb')
pickle.dump(my_data, output)
output.close()

###Extract from file
with open("myfile.pkl","rb") as f:
    x_temp = pickle.load(f)

read

import pprint, pickle
pkl_file = open('data.pkl', 'rb')
data1 = pickle.load(pkl_file)
pprint.pprint(data1)
pkl_file.close()

###Load into file
with open("myfile.pkl","wb") as f:
    pickle.dump(x_train,f)

.2. scipy Mat

import numpy as np
import scipy.io

# Some test data
x = np.arange(200).reshape((4,5,10))

# Specify the filename of the .mat file
matfile = 'test_mat.mat'

# Write the array to the mat file. For this to work, the array must be the value
# corresponding to a key name of your choice in a dictionary
scipy.io.savemat(matfile, mdict={'out': x}, oned_as='row')

# For the above line, I specified the kwarg oned_as since python (2.7 with 
# numpy 1.6.1) throws a FutureWarning.  Here, this isn't really necessary 
# since oned_as is a kwarg for dealing with 1-D arrays.

# Now load in the data from the .mat that was just saved
matdata = scipy.io.loadmat(matfile)

# And just to check if the data is the same:
assert np.all(x == matdata['out'])

.3. json

import json
with open(filename, 'w') as f:
   json.dump(myndarray.tolist(), f)