07.Mybatis初级使用-resultMap（一）

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最新推荐文章于 2025-03-20 13:22:56 发布

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本文介绍了Mybatis中resultMap的基本使用，包括最基本的映射规则、通过构造函数创建对象、级联和collection的配置方法，是理解Mybatis映射机制的基础。

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resultMap的最基本作用就是是定义映射规则。

基本构成

<resultMap>
	<constructor>
		<idArg/>
		<arg/>
	</constructor>
	<id/>
	<result/>
	<association/>
	<collection/>
	<discriminator>
		<case/>
	</discriminator>
</resultMap>

最基本用法

<resultMap type="Role" id="roleResultMap">
	<id property="id" column="id"/>
	<result property="roleName" column="role_name"/>
	<result property="note" column="note"/>
</resultMap>

type表示要映射的javabean类型，id标识本resultMap，select元素通过id使用resultMap

id元素定义主键，允许多个主键（联合主键）。可以看成特殊的result

result元素定义数据表字段到javabean属性的映射，id、result元素都有 property、column、javaType、jdbcType属性

<result property="roleName" column="role_name" javaType="java.lang.String" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>

constructor

constructor元素通过构造函数创建即将要返回的javabean，普通的javabean一般不定义构造函数

<resultMap type="Role" id="roleResultMap">
	<constructor>
		<idArg column="id" javaType="java.lang.Integer"/>
		<arg column="role_name" javaType="java.lang.String"/>
		<arg column="note" javaType="java.lang.String"/>
	</constructor>
</resultMap>

public Role(Integer id, String roleName, String note) {
	this.id = id;
	this.roleName = roleName;
	this.note = note;
}

定义constructor时注意参数顺序和javabean构造函数参数顺序一致。

级联

关系型数据库中表可能存在一对一、一对多关系，对应association、collection。discriminator允许根据实际选择对哪个类实例化。

collection

新建数据表job（id，role_id，position，salary），假定role表中记录与job表中记录是一对一关系

新建Job.java

package com.lz.mybatis.model;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

public class Job {

	private Integer id;
	
	private Integer roleId;
	
	private String position;
	
	private BigDecimal salary;

	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public Integer getRoleId() {
		return roleId;
	}

	public void setRoleId(Integer roleId) {
		this.roleId = roleId;
	}

	public String getPosition() {
		return position;
	}

	public void setPosition(String position) {
		this.position = position;
	}

	public BigDecimal getSalary() {
		return salary;
	}

	public void setSalary(BigDecimal salary) {
		this.salary = salary;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Job [id=" + id + ", roleId=" + roleId + ", position=" + position + ", salary=" + salary + "]";
	}
	
}

新建JobMapper.java

package com.lz.mybatis.mapper;

import com.lz.mybatis.model.Job;

public interface JobMapper {

	Job getJobByRoleId(Integer roleId);
	
}

resource下新建com/lz/mybatis/mapper/jobMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
  
<mapper namespace="com.lz.mybatis.mapper.JobMapper">
	<resultMap type="Job" id="jobResultMap">
		<id property="id" column="id"/>
		<result property="roleId" column="role_id"/>
		<result property="position" column="posistion"/>
		<result property="salary" column="salary"/>
	</resultMap>
	
	<select id="getJobByRoleId" parameterType="java.lang.Integer" resultMap="jobResultMap">
		select * from job where role_id = #{roleId}
	</select>
</mapper>

修改Role.java

package com.lz.mybatis.model;

public class Role {

	private Integer id;
	
	private String roleName;
	
	private String note;
	
	private Job job;

	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getRoleName() {
		return roleName;
	}

	public void setRoleName(String roleName) {
		this.roleName = roleName;
	}

	public String getNote() {
		return note;
	}

	public void setNote(String note) {
		this.note = note;
	}

	public Job getJob() {
		return job;
	}

	public void setJob(Job job) {
		this.job = job;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Role [id=" + id + ", roleName=" + roleName + ", note=" + note + ", job=" + job + "]";
	}
	
}

修改roleMapper.xml中的resultMap

<resultMap type="Role" id="roleResultMap">
	<id property="id" column="id"/>
	<result property="roleName" column="role_name"/>
	<result property="note" column="note"/>
	<association property="job" column="id" javaType="Job" select="com.lz.mybatis.mapper.JobMapper.getJobByRoleId" />
</resultMap>

association中column属性表示传递给getJobByRoleId的参数，select表示执行的查询。这样，当执行getRole时，又对job进行查询，回填到Role的job属性。

从log中可以看出执行了两次sql

[DEBUG] 2017-03-21 14:16:50,420 org.apache.ibatis.logging.jdbc.BaseJdbcLogger: ==>  Preparing: select id, role_name, note from role where id = ? 
[DEBUG] 2017-03-21 14:16:50,464 org.apache.ibatis.logging.jdbc.BaseJdbcLogger: ==> Parameters: 10001(Integer)
[DEBUG] 2017-03-21 14:16:50,486 org.apache.ibatis.logging.jdbc.BaseJdbcLogger: ====>  Preparing: select * from job where role_id = ? 
[DEBUG] 2017-03-21 14:16:50,487 org.apache.ibatis.logging.jdbc.BaseJdbcLogger: ====> Parameters: 10001(Integer)
[DEBUG] 2017-03-21 14:16:50,491 org.apache.ibatis.logging.jdbc.BaseJdbcLogger: <====      Total: 1
[DEBUG] 2017-03-21 14:16:50,492 org.apache.ibatis.logging.jdbc.BaseJdbcLogger: <==      Total: 1
Role [id=10002, roleName=Mybatis, note=Hello, Mybatis., job=Job [id=1, roleId=10002, position=teacher, salary=10000]]

另一种方法

roleMapper.xml

<resultMap type="Job" id="jobResultMap">
	<id property="id" column="jobId"/>
	<result property="roleId" column="role_id"/>
	<result property="position" column="position"/>
	<result property="salary" column="salary"/>
</resultMap>

<resultMap type="Role" id="roleResultMap">
	<id property="id" column="id"/>
	<result property="roleName" column="role_name"/>
	<result property="note" column="note"/>
	<association property="job" javaType="Job" resultMap="jobResultMap"/>
</resultMap>

<sql id="roleColumns">
	role.id, role.role_name, role.note, job.id jobId, job.role_id, job.position, job.salary
</sql>

<select id="getRole" parameterType="java.lang.Integer" resultMap="roleResultMap">
	select <include refid="roleColumns"/> 
	from role left join job on role.id = job.role_id 
	where role.id = #{id}
</select>

注意到sql中给job的id起了别名jobId，用来区分mybatis构建role和job时使用的id。当然jobResultMap的内容可以直接放到association元素中

<resultMap type="Role" id="roleResultMap">
	<id property="id" column="id" />
	<result property="roleName" column="role_name" />
	<result property="note" column="note" />
	<association property="job" javaType="Job">
		<id property="id" column="jobId" />
		<result property="roleId" column="role_id" />
		<result property="position" column="position" />
		<result property="salary" column="salary" />
	</association>
</resultMap>

resultMap是mybatis使用中的难点，需要熟练掌握。