有图片和字体文件的PY程序打包DEB

制作一个这样的pygame小游戏，依赖pygame，制作了一些背景图片，为了保证显示效果，还专门下载了一款阿里巴巴普惠体字体，需要把这些图片都打包放入DEB并在安装后能够正确访问。

上图是准备的图片和字体文件，当然还有sh脚本文件和py程序文件。

sh脚本中特意把图片文件和字体文件复制进去了

#!/bin/bash
# 定义包名
PACKAGE_NAME="wuwangfazhou-calculation-game"
# 创建目录结构
mkdir -p $PACKAGE_NAME/DEBIAN
mkdir -p $PACKAGE_NAME/usr/local/bin
mkdir -p $PACKAGE_NAME/usr/local/share/icons/wuwangfazhou-calculation-game
mkdir -p $PACKAGE_NAME/usr/local/share/images/wuwangfazhou-calculation-game
mkdir -p $PACKAGE_NAME/usr/share/applications
mkdir -p $PACKAGE_NAME/usr/local/share/fonts/wuwangfazhou-calculation-game

# 复制脚本到目录
cp wuwangfazhou-calculation-game.py $PACKAGE_NAME/usr/local/bin/
chmod +x $PACKAGE_NAME/usr/local/bin/wuwangfazhou-calculation-game.py

# 复制图标文件 ######
cp app_icon.png $PACKAGE_NAME/usr/local/share/icons/wuwangfazhou-calculation-game/

# 复制游戏中使用的所有图片文件   #######
echo "正在复制游戏图片文件..."
cp *.png $PACKAGE_NAME/usr/local/share/images/wuwangfazhou-calculation-game/ 2>/dev/null || :
cp *.jpg $PACKAGE_NAME/usr/local/share/images/wuwangfazhou-calculation-game/ 2>/dev/null || :
cp *.jpeg $PACKAGE_NAME/usr/local/share/images/wuwangfazhou-calculation-game/ 2>/dev/null || :

# 复制字体文件
cp AlibabaPuHuiTi-3-65-Medium.ttf $PACKAGE_NAME/usr/local/share/fonts/wuwangfazhou-calculation-game/

# 创建桌面入口文件
cat << EOF > wuwangfazhou-calculation-game.desktop
[Desktop Entry]
Name=武王伐纣算术游戏
Exec=/usr/bin/env python3 /usr/local/bin/wuwangfazhou-calculation-game.py
Icon=/usr/local/share/icons/wuwangfazhou-calculation-game/app_icon.png
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Utility;
EOF

# 检查桌面入口文件是否存在
if [ -f "wuwangfazhou-calculation-game.desktop" ]; then
    # 复制桌面入口文件
    cp wuwangfazhou-calculation-game.desktop $PACKAGE_NAME/usr/share/applications/
    chmod +x $PACKAGE_NAME/usr/share/applications/wuwangfazhou-calculation-game.desktop
else
    echo "错误: wuwangfazhou-calculation-game.desktop文件不存在，请先创建该文件。"
    exit 1
fi

# 创建控制文件
cat << EOF > $PACKAGE_NAME/DEBIAN/control
Package: $PACKAGE_NAME
Version: 1.3
Section: utils
Priority: optional
Architecture: all
Depends: python3, python3-pygame
Maintainer: YU Taiyuan <382614949@qq.com>
Description: 武王伐纣算术游戏
 This is a game for calculation.
EOF

# 检查控制文件是否存在
if [ ! -f "$PACKAGE_NAME/DEBIAN/control" ]; then
    echo "错误: 控制文件 $PACKAGE_NAME/DEBIAN/control 未创建成功。"
    exit 1
fi

# 构建DEB包
fakeroot dpkg-deb --build $PACKAGE_NAME

# 检查DEB包是否生成
DEB_FILE="$PACKAGE_NAME.deb"
if [ ! -f "$DEB_FILE" ]; then
    echo "错误: DEB包 $DEB_FILE 未生成成功。"
    exit 1
fi

echo "DEB包已生成: $DEB_FILE"

# 修改文件权限
chmod 777 "$DEB_FILE"
chmod 777 "wuwangfazhou-calculation-game.desktop"

# 设置图片、字体和图标文件权限
chmod 644 $PACKAGE_NAME/usr/local/share/icons/wuwangfazhou-calculation-game/*
chmod 644 $PACKAGE_NAME/usr/local/share/images/wuwangfazhou-calculation-game/*
chmod 644 $PACKAGE_NAME/usr/local/share/fonts/wuwangfazhou-calculation-game/*

安装后的字体文件和图片文件保存路径：

确实有。

了解了这个路径，我们在py程序文件中也要进行相应的修改，以保证安装后程序能够正常使用

import pygame
import random
import os

# 初始化pygame
pygame.init()

# 设置窗口大小
screen_width, screen_height = 800, 600
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((screen_width, screen_height))
pygame.display.set_caption('武王伐纣算术过关游戏：消灭纣王全靠你了！！')

# 加载字体
font_path = '/usr/local/share/fonts/wuwangfazhou-calculation-game/AlibabaPuHuiTi-3-65-Medium.ttf'   #安装后的字体文件路径
if not os.path.exists(font_path):
    raise FileNotFoundError(f"字体文件 {font_path} 未找到，请确保字体文件存在。")
font_normal = pygame.font.Font(font_path, 36)
font_input = pygame.font.Font(font_path, 90)

# 加载各关卡背景图片，假设图片都在当前目录下
image_path = '/usr/local/share/images/wuwangfazhou-calculation-game/'   #安装后的图片文件路径
image_files = {
    '西岐城': image_path +'1、西岐城.png',
    '金鸡岭': image_path +'2、金鸡岭.png',
    '汜水关': image_path +'3、汜水关.png',
    '界牌关': image_path +'4、界牌关.png',
    '穿云关': image_path +'5、穿云关.png',
    '潼关': image_path +'6、潼关.png',
    '临潼关': image_path +'7、临潼关.png',
    '朝歌城': image_path +'8、朝歌城.png'
}
background_images = {}
for name, file in image_files.items():
    try:
        background_images[name] = pygame.image.load(file)
        background_images[name] = pygame.transform.scale(background_images[name], (screen_width, screen_height))
    except pygame.error as e:
        print(f"加载图片 {file} 时出错: {e}")

# 关卡信息，包含关卡名称和对应的运算类型
levels = [
    ('西岐城', '一位数加法'),
    ('金鸡岭', '二位数加法'),
    ('汜水关', '一位数减法'),
    ('界牌关', '二位数减法'),
    ('穿云关', '一位数乘法'),
    ('潼关', '二位数乘法'),
    ('临潼关', '一位数除法'),
    ('朝歌城', '二位数除法')
]
current_level = 0

# 初始化游戏数据
correct_count = 0
wrong_count = 0
score = 0


def generate_question(operation_type):
    if '加法' in operation_type:
        num_digits = 1 if '一位数' in operation_type else 2
        num1 = random.randint(1, 9) if num_digits == 1 else random.randint(10, 50)
        num2 = random.randint(1, 9) if num_digits == 1 else random.randint(10, 50)
        question = f"{num1} + {num2}"
        answer = num1 + num2
    elif '减法' in operation_type:
        num_digits = 1 if '一位数' in operation_type else 2
        num1 = random.randint(1, 9) if num_digits == 1 else random.randint(10, 50)
        num2 = random.randint(1, min(9, num1)) if num_digits == 1 else random.randint(10, num1)
        question = f"{num1} - {num2}"
        answer = num1 - num2
    elif '乘法' in operation_type:
        num_digits = 1 if '一位数' in operation_type else 2
        num1 = random.randint(1, 9)   #if num_digits == 1 else random.randint(10, 99)
        num2 = random.randint(1, 9) if num_digits == 1 else random.randint(10, 20)
        question = f"{num1} × {num2}"
        answer = num1 * num2
    elif '除法' in operation_type:
        num_digits = 1 if '一位数' in operation_type else 2
        num2 = random.randint(1, 5) if num_digits == 1 else random.randint(5, 10)
        num1 = num2 * random.randint(1, 9) if num_digits == 1 else num2 * random.randint(1, 9)
        question = f"{num1} ÷ {num2}"
        answer = num1 // num2
    return question, answer


question, correct_answer = generate_question(levels[current_level][1])
input_text = ''

running = True
while running:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            running = False
        elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
            if event.key == pygame.K_RETURN or event.key == pygame.K_KP_ENTER:
                try:
                    user_answer = int(input_text)
                    if user_answer == correct_answer:
                        correct_count += 1
                        score += 1
                        result_text = "正确！"
                    else:
                        wrong_count += 1
                        score -= 1
                        result_text = f"错误！正确答案是 {correct_answer}"
                    # 生成新问题                 
                    question, correct_answer = generate_question(levels[current_level][1])
                    input_text = ''
                    
                    # 检查是否进入下一关
                    if score  >= 10:  
                        congratulation_text = f"祝贺你，成功通过 {levels[current_level][0]} 关卡！"
                        congrats_surface = font_normal.render(congratulation_text, True, (255, 0, 0))
                        congrats_rect = congrats_surface.get_rect(center=(screen_width // 2, screen_height // 2))
                        try:
                            screen.blit(background_images[levels[current_level][0]], (0, 0)) #最后无新背景图可换了报异常
                        except:
                            screen.blit(background_images[levels[current_level - 1][0]], (0, 0)) 
                        
                        screen.blit(congrats_surface, congrats_rect)
                        pygame.display.flip()
                        pygame.time.wait(4000)
                        current_level += 1
                        if current_level >= len(levels):
                            running = False
                        else:
                            correct_count = 0
                            wrong_count = 0
                            score = 0
                            question, correct_answer = generate_question(levels[current_level][1])
                except ValueError:
                    result_text = "请输入有效的数字！"
            elif event.key == pygame.K_BACKSPACE:
                input_text = input_text[:-1]
            else:
                if event.unicode.isdigit():
                    input_text += event.unicode

    try:
        screen.blit(background_images[levels[current_level][0]], (0, 0))
    except:
        screen.blit(background_images[levels[current_level - 1][0]], (0, 0))

    # 在左上角写上图片名
    level_name_surface = font_normal.render(levels[current_level][0], True, (255, 0, 0))
    screen.blit(level_name_surface, (10, 10))

    question_surface = font_input.render(question, True, (255, 0, 0))
    question_rect = question_surface.get_rect(center=(screen_width // 2, screen_height // 2 - 50))
    screen.blit(question_surface, question_rect)

    input_surface = font_normal.render(input_text, True, (255, 0, 0))
    input_rect = input_surface.get_rect(center=(screen_width // 2, screen_height // 2 + 50))
    screen.blit(input_surface, input_rect)

    result_surface = font_normal.render(result_text if'result_text' in locals() else '', True, (255, 0, 0))
    result_rect = result_surface.get_rect(center=(screen_width // 2, screen_height // 2 + 100))
    screen.blit(result_surface, result_rect)

    stats_text = f"得分: {score}, 正确: {correct_count}, 错误: {wrong_count}"
    stats_surface = font_normal.render(stats_text, True, (255, 0, 0))
    stats_rect = stats_surface.get_rect(center=(screen_width // 2, screen_height - 50))
    screen.blit(stats_surface, stats_rect)

    pygame.display.flip()


pygame.quit()

最后安装完成，大功告成。

注意：SH文件，努力做到一键操作，让您改改可以用