MyBatis中的三种映射方法(1)

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-11 16:35:28 发布

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#java #mybatis

本文详细介绍了MyBatis中的一对一和一对多映射方法。在一对一映射中，通过嵌套结果和嵌套查询实现学生与地址的关联，而在一对多映射中，以讲师、地址和课程为例，同样展示了这两种映射方式的配置和测试过程。

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一、一对一映射：

1、先在数据库里边建两张表，学生表和地址表（规定一个学生只能有一个家庭地址，一个家庭地址只能对应一个学生），并插入一些数据信息；

2、在sts中创建实体类，Student和Address，并且Student中有一个Address属性；

3、创建映射接口StudentMapper，创建查询数据的方法；

public interface StudentMapper {
	//查询所有学生，地址
	List<Student> findStudentsWithAddress();

}

4、在映射文件里面进行对映射接口的配置；

（1）嵌套结果（把所有的sql语句都写在一起，即执行sql语句时只执行一句sql语句，把执行结果嵌套在一起）：

<resultMap id="findStudentsWithAddressResult" type="com.briup.oneToone.Student">
		<id property="studId" column="id"/>
		<result property="name" column="name"/>
		<result property="email" column="email"/>
		<result property="dob" column="dob"/>
		<result property="phone" column="phone"/>
		<association property="address" resultMap="AddressResult"></association>	
</resultMap>
	
<resultMap id="AddressResult" type="com.briup.oneToone.Address">
		<id property="addrId" column="addr_id"/>
		<result property="street" column="street"/>
		<result property="city" column="city"/>
		<result property="state" column="state"/>
		<result property="zip" column="zip"/>
		<result property="country" column="country"/>
</resultMap>
	
<!-- List<Student> findStudentsWithAddress(); -->
<select id="findStudentsWithAddress" resultMap="findStudentsWithAddressResult">
	select s.id,s.name,s.email,s.dob,s.phone,
		a.addr_id,a.street,a.city,a.state,a.zip,a.country
	from students s left join addresses a
	on s.addr_id=a.addr_id
</select>

（2）嵌套查询（把sql语句分成多个sql语句去执行，这就意外着挺耗效率的）：

<resultMap id="StudentsWithAddressResult" type="com.briup.oneToone.Student">
	<id property="studId" column="id"/>
	<result property="name" column="name"/>
	<result property="email" column="email"/>
	<result property="dob" column="dob"/>
	<result property="phone" column="phone"/>
	<association property="address" column="addr_id" select="findAddressById"></association>
</resultMap>
	
<resultMap id="AddressResult" type="com.briup.oneToone.Address">
	<id property="addrId" column="addr_id"/>
	<result property="street" column="street"/>
	<result property="city" column="city"/>
	<result property="state" column="state"/>
	<result property="zip" column="zip"/>
	<result property="country" column="country"/>
</resultMap>
	
	
<!-- List<Student> findStudentsWithAddress(); -->
<select id="findStudentsWithAddress" resultMap="StudentsWithAddressResult">
	select *
	from students
</select>
<select id="findAddressById" parameterType="int" resultMap="AddressResult">
	select *
	from addresses
	where addr_id=#{addrId}
</select>

5、方法的测试；

@Test
public void findStudentsWithAddress() {
	SqlSession sqlSession = MySqlsessionFactoryUtil.getSqlSessionFactoryBuilder().openSession();
	StudentMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
	List<Student> list = mapper.findStudentsWithAddress();
	System.out.println(list);
}

6、查询结果（以上两种方法查询到的结果相同）：

二、一对多映射：

1、先在数据库里面创建三张表tutors、addresses、courses，其中tutors表和addresses表的关系是：一个讲师只有一个家庭地址，一个家庭地址只能对应一个学生；tutors表和courses表的关系是一个老师可以讲授多门课，并插入相关数据；

2、在sts中创建实体类，Tutrs、Addresses、Courses，在tutor类中有一个addresses类型的属性，还有一个泛型为courses的集合；

3、创建TutorsMapper接口，并提供查询方法；

public interface TutorMapper {
	//根据id查询讲师信息、地址、课程
	Tutor findTutorWithCourseAndAddressById(int id);
}

4、创建映射文件TutorsMapper.xml

（1）嵌套结果：

<!-- 嵌套结果：用于要求查询速度快的功能 -->
<resultMap id="TutorWithCourseAndAddressResult" type="com.briup.oneToMany.Tutor">
	<id property="tutorId" column="tutor_id"/>
	<result property="name" column="name"/>
	<result property="email" column="email"/>
	<result property="phone" column="phone"/>
	<association property="address" resultMap="AddressResult"></association>
	<collection property="courses" resultMap="CoursesResult"></collection>
</resultMap>
<resultMap type="com.briup.oneToone.Address" id="AddressResult">
	<id property="addrId" column="addr_id"/>
	<result property="street" column="street"/>
	<result property="city" column="city"/>
	<result property="state" column="state"/>
	<result property="zip" column="zip"/>
	<result property="country" column="country"/>
</resultMap>
<resultMap type="com.briup.oneToMany.Course" id="CoursesResult">
	<id property="courseId" column="course_id"/>
	<result property="name" column="name"/>
	<result property="description" column="description"/>
	<result property="startDate" column="start_date"/>
	<result property="endDate" column="end_date"/>
</resultMap>

	<!-- Tutor findTutorWithCourseAndAddressById(int id); -->
	<select id="findTutorWithCourseAndAddressById" parameterType="int" resultMap="TutorWithCourseAndAddressResult">
	select t.tutor_id,t.name,t.email,t.phone,
			c.course_id,c.name,c.description,c.start_date,c.end_date,
			a.addr_id,a.street,a.city,a.state,a.zip,a.country
	from tutors t,courses c,addresses a
	where t.addr_id=a.addr_id 
		and t.tutor_id=c.tutor_id
		and t.tutor_id=#{id}
</select>

（2）嵌套查询：

<!-- 嵌套查询 ：用于执行很多SQL语句-->
<resultMap type="com.briup.oneToMany.Tutor" id="TutorWithCourseAndAddressResult">
	<id property="tutorId" column="tutor_id"/>
	<result property="name" column="name"/>
	<result property="email" column="email"/>
	<result property="phone" column="phone"/>
	<association property="address" column="addr_id" select="findAddressById"></association>
		<collection property="courses" column="tutor_id" select="findCoursesById"></collection>
	</resultMap>
<resultMap type="com.briup.oneToone.Address" id="AddressResult">
	<id property="addrId" column="addr_id"/>
	<result property="street" column="street"/>
	<result property="city" column="city"/>
	<result property="state" column="state"/>
	<result property="zip" column="zip"/>
	<result property="country" column="country"/>
</resultMap>
<resultMap type="com.briup.oneToMany.Course" id="CoursesResult">
	<id property="courseId" column="course_id"/>
	<result property="name" column="name"/>
	<result property="description" column="description"/>
	<result property="startDate" column="start_date"/>
	<result property="endDate" column="end_date"/>
</resultMap>

<!-- Tutor findTutorWithCourseAndAddressById(int id); -->
<select id="findTutorWithCourseAndAddressById" parameterType="int" resultMap="TutorWithCourseAndAddressResult">
	select *
	from tutors t
	where t.tutor_id=#{id}
</select>
<select id="findAddressById" parameterType="int" resultMap="AddressResult">
	select *
	from addresses a
	where a.addr_id=#{id}
</select>
<select id="findCoursesById" parameterType="int" resultMap="CoursesResult">
	select *
	from Courses c
	where c.tutor_id=#{id}
</select>

5、测试代码：

@Test
public void findTutorWithCourseAndAddressById() {
	SqlSession sqlSession = MySqlsessionFactoryUtil.getSqlSessionFactoryBuilder().openSession();
	TutorMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(TutorMapper.class);
	Tutor tutor = mapper.findTutorWithCourseAndAddressById(1);
	System.out.println(tutor);
	System.out.println(tutor.getAddress());
	System.out.println(tutor.getCourses());
}

6、查询结果（上述两种方法查询结果相同）：