Centos7上安装docker

最新推荐文章于 2025-05-09 10:31:58 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2025-05-09 10:31:58 发布 · 2.7k 阅读

1 ·

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

docker 专栏收录该内容

4 篇文章

订阅专栏

本文介绍如何在CentOS系统上安装Docker，并进行基本的操作演示，包括下载镜像、运行容器等。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

一、安装前准备

Docker 要求 CentOS 系统的内核版本高于 3.10 ，查看本页面的前提条件来验证你的CentOS 版本是否支持 Docker，通过 uname -r 命令查看你当前的内核版本：

[root@swallow ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-693.2.2.el7.x86_64

确保 yum 包更新到最新

[root@swallow ~]# yum update
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
No packages marked for update

安装需要的软件包， yum-util 提供yum-config-manager功能，另外两个是devicemapper驱动依赖的

[root@swallow ~]# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Package yum-utils-1.1.31-42.el7.noarch already installed and latest version
Package device-mapper-persistent-data-0.7.0-0.1.rc6.el7_4.1.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package 7:lvm2-2.02.171-8.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do

设置yum源

[root@swallow ~]# yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
adding repo from: https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
grabbing file https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
repo saved to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo

二、开始安装

可以查看所有仓库中所有docker版本，并选择特定版本安装

[root@swallow ~]# yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Installed Packages
docker-ce.x86_64            18.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            18.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos            @docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.12.1.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            17.12.0.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            17.09.1.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            17.09.0.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.2.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.1.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.0.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.2.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable 
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable 
Available Packages

安装docker

[root@swallow ~]# yum install docker-ce
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package docker-ce.x86_64 0:18.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: container-selinux >= 2.9 for package: docker-ce-18.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64


//////省略一大堆

Installed:
  docker-ce.x86_64 0:18.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos                                                               

Dependency Installed:
  audit-libs-python.x86_64 0:2.7.6-3.el7                        checkpolicy.x86_64 0:2.5-4.el7             
  container-selinux.noarch 2:2.42-1.gitad8f0f7.el7              libcgroup.x86_64 0:0.41-13.el7             
  libsemanage-python.x86_64 0:2.5-8.el7                         pigz.x86_64 0:2.3.4-1.el7                  
  policycoreutils-python.x86_64 0:2.5-17.1.el7                  python-IPy.noarch 0:0.75-6.el7             
  setools-libs.x86_64 0:3.3.8-1.1.el7                          

Complete!

启动并加入开机启动

[root@swallow ~]# systemctl start docker
[root@swallow ~]# systemctl enable docker

验证安装是否成功(有client和service两部分表示docker安装启动都成功了)

[root@swallow ~]# docker version
Client:
 Version:       18.03.0-ce
 API version:   1.37
 Go version:    go1.9.4
 Git commit:    0520e24
 Built: Wed Mar 21 23:09:15 2018
 OS/Arch:       linux/amd64
 Experimental:  false
 Orchestrator:  swarm

Server:
 Engine:
  Version:      18.03.0-ce
  API version:  1.37 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:   go1.9.4
  Git commit:   0520e24
  Built:        Wed Mar 21 23:13:03 2018
  OS/Arch:      linux/amd64
  Experimental: false

三、基本操作

1、下载一个docker镜像

[root@swallow ~]# docker pull centos
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/centos
469cfcc7a4b3: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:989b936d56b1ace20ddf855a301741e52abca38286382cba7f44443210e96d16
Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:latest

2、查看镜像

[root@swallow ~]# docker images centos
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
centos              latest              e934aafc2206        2 weeks ago         199MB

3、运行镜像

[root@swallow ~]# docker run -i -t centos /bin/bash
//到这里已经是在镜像里面了
[root@8a9be11f680a /]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)

4、退出镜像

[root@8a9be11f680a /]# exit
exit

5、查看运行中的镜像

[root@swallow ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS        PORTS               NAMES

参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/yufeng218/p/8370670.html