Android学习之Service实例

示例来自《第一行代码（第二版）》

1.DownloadListener接口

public interface DownloadListener {
    void onProgress(int progress);
    void onSuccess();
    void onFailed();
    void onPaused();
    void onCanceled();
}

2.新建DownloadTask继承于AsyncTask

package com.example.servicebestpractice;

import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Environment;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;

import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
import okhttp3.Request;
import okhttp3.Response;

public class DownloadTask extends AsyncTask<String,Integer,Integer> {

    public static final int TYPE_SUCCESS = 0;
    public static final int TYPE_FAILED = 1;
    public static final int TYPE_PAUSED = 2;
    public static final int TYPE_CANCELED = 3;
    private DownloadListener listener;
    private boolean isCanceled = false;
    private boolean isPaused = false;
    private int lastProgress;

    public DownloadTask(DownloadListener listener){
        this.listener = listener;
    }
    @Override
    protected Integer doInBackground(String... params) {
        InputStream is = null;
        RandomAccessFile saveFile = null;
        File file = null;
        try {
            long downloadLength = 0;//记录已经下载的文件长度
            String downloadUrl = params[0];
            String fileName = downloadUrl.substring(downloadUrl.lastIndexOf("/"));
            String directory = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS).getPath();
            file = new File(directory + fileName);
            if (file.exists()){
                downloadLength = file.length();
            }
            long contentLength = getContentLength(downloadUrl);
            if (contentLength == 0){
                return TYPE_FAILED;
            }else if (contentLength == downloadLength){
                return TYPE_SUCCESS;
            }
            OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
            Request request = new Request.Builder()
                    .addHeader("RANGE","bytes="+downloadLength + "-")
                    .url(downloadUrl)
                    .build();
            Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
            if (response != null){
                is = response.body().byteStream();
                saveFile = new RandomAccessFile(file,"rw");
                saveFile.seek(downloadLength);
                byte[] b = new byte[1024];
                int total = 0;
                int len;
                while ((len = is.read(b)) != -1){
                    if (isCanceled){
                        return TYPE_CANCELED;
                    }else if (isPaused){
                        return TYPE_PAUSED;
                    }else {
                        total += len;
                        saveFile.write(b,0,len);

                        int progress = (int)((total + downloadLength)*100/contentLength);
                        publishProgress(progress);
                    }
                }
                response.body().close();
                return TYPE_SUCCESS;
            }
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            try {
                if (is != null){
                    is.close();
                }
                if (saveFile != null){
                    saveFile.close();
                }
                if (isCanceled && file != null){
                    file.delete();
                }
            }catch (Exception e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return TYPE_FAILED;
    }

    @Override
    protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... values) {
        int progress = values[0];
        if (progress > lastProgress){
            listener.onProgress(progress);
            lastProgress = progress;
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPostExecute(Integer status) {
        switch (status){
            case TYPE_SUCCESS:
                listener.onSuccess();
                break;
            case TYPE_FAILED:
                listener.onFailed();
                break;
            case TYPE_PAUSED:
                listener.onPaused();
                break;
            case TYPE_CANCELED:
                listener.onCanceled();
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
    public void cancelDownload(){
        isCanceled = true;
    }
    public void paseDownload(){
        isPaused = true;
    }
    private long getContentLength(String downloadUrl) throws IOException{
        OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
        Request request = new Request.Builder()
                .url(downloadUrl)
                .build();
        Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
        if (response != null && response.isSuccessful()){
            long contentLength = response.body().contentLength();
            response.close();
            return contentLength;
        }
        return 0;
    }
}

3.DownloadService服务

package com.example.servicebestpractice;

import android.app.Notification;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.support.v4.app.NotificationCompat;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.io.File;

public class DownloadService extends Service {
    private DownloadTask downloadTask;
    private String downloadUrl;
    private DownloadListener listener = new DownloadListener() {
        @Override
        public void onProgress(int progress) {
            getNotificationManager().notify(1,getNotification("Downloading...",progress));
        }

        @Override
        public void onSuccess() {
            downloadTask = null;
            stopForeground(true);
            getNotificationManager().notify(1,getNotification("Downloading Success",-1));
            Toast.makeText(DownloadService.this,"Download Success",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }

        @Override
        public void onFailed() {
            downloadTask = null;
            stopForeground(true);
            getNotificationManager().notify(1,getNotification("Download Failed",-1));
            Toast.makeText(DownloadService.this,"Download Failed",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }

        @Override
        public void onPaused() {
            downloadTask = null;
            Toast.makeText(DownloadService.this,"Paused",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }

        @Override
        public void onCanceled() {

            downloadTask = null;
            stopForeground(true);
            Toast.makeText(DownloadService.this,"Canceled",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    };

    public DownloadService() {
    }

    private DownloadBinder mBinder = new DownloadBinder();
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return mBinder;
    }
    class DownloadBinder extends Binder{
        public void startDownload(String url){
            if (downloadTask == null){
                downloadUrl = url;
                downloadTask = new DownloadTask(listener);
                downloadTask.execute(downloadUrl);
                startForeground(1,getNotification("Downloading",0));
                Toast.makeText(DownloadService.this,"Downloading...",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

            }
        }
        public void pauseDownload(){
            if (downloadTask != null){
                downloadTask.paseDownload();
            }
        }
        public void cancelDownload(){
            if (downloadTask != null){
                downloadTask.cancelDownload();
            }else {
                if (downloadUrl != null){
                    //取消下载，将文件删除，并将通知关闭
                    String fileName = downloadUrl.substring(downloadUrl.lastIndexOf("/"));
                    String directory = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS).getPath();
                    File file = new  File(directory + fileName);
                    if (file.exists()){
                        file.delete();
                    }
                    getNotificationManager().cancel(1);
                    stopForeground(true);
                    Toast.makeText(DownloadService.this,"Canceled",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            }
        }
    }
    private NotificationManager getNotificationManager(){
        return (NotificationManager)getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
    }
    private Notification getNotification(String title,int progress){
        Intent intent = new Intent(this,MainActivity.class);
        PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getActivity(this,0,intent,0);
        NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this);
        builder.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
        builder.setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(),R.mipmap.ic_launcher));
        builder.setContentIntent(pi);
        builder.setContentTitle(title);
        if (progress > 0){
            builder.setContentText(progress + "%");
            builder.setProgress(100,progress,false);
        }
        return builder.build();
    }
}

4.MainActivity主活动

package com.example.servicebestpractice;

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener{

    private Button startBtn;
    private Button pauseBtn;
    private Button cancelBtn;

    private DownloadService.DownloadBinder downloadBinder;

    private ServiceConnection connection = new ServiceConnection() {
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName componentName, IBinder iBinder) {
            downloadBinder = (DownloadService.DownloadBinder) iBinder;
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName componentName) {

        }
    };
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.actvitivity_main);
        startBtn = (Button)findViewById(R.id.start_download);
        startBtn.setOnClickListener(this);

        pauseBtn = (Button)findViewById(R.id.pause_download);
        pauseBtn.setOnClickListener(this);

        cancelBtn = (Button)findViewById(R.id.cancel_download);
        cancelBtn.setOnClickListener(this);

        Intent intent = new Intent(this,DownloadService.class);
        startService(intent);
        bindService(intent,connection,BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission
        .WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this,new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},1);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View view) {
        if (downloadBinder == null){
            return;
        }
        switch (view.getId()){
            case R.id.start_download:
                String url = "https://github.com/MarioCode/WaveTalk.git";
                downloadBinder.startDownload(url);
                break;
            case R.id.pause_download:
                downloadBinder.pauseDownload();
                break;
            case R.id.cancel_download:
                downloadBinder.cancelDownload();
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        switch (requestCode){
            case 1:
                if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
                    Toast.makeText(this,"拒绝权限将无法使用程序",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    finish();
                }
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        unbindService(connection);
    }
}

5.主活动布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="开始下载"
        android:id="@+id/start_download"/>
    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="暂停"
        android:id="@+id/pause_download"/>
    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/cancel_download"
        android:text="取消下载" />
</LinearLayout>

6.AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.servicebestpractice">
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

        <service
            android:name=".DownloadService"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="true"></service>
    </application>

</manifest>

7.在app目录下build.gradle添加外部引用OkHttp3

dependencies {
    compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2', {
        exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations'
    })
    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:26.+'
    compile 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.4.1'
    testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
}