【Hotspot】类生命周期(1)：类加载 Bootstrap 以及双亲委托

  protected Class<?> loadClass(String name, boolean resolve) throws ClassNotFoundException{
    synchronized (getClassLoadingLock(name)) {
    // 判断缓存中是否已经存在这个类
    Class<?> c = findLoadedClass(name);
    if (c == null) {
        long t0 = System.nanoTime();
        try {
            // 如果 parent 不为空则调用父类的 loadClass()
            if (parent != null) {
                c = parent.loadClass(name, false);
            }
            // 如果 parent 为空则调用 native 方法,使用 C++ 实现的 Bootstrap ClassLoader 进行加载
            else {
                c = findBootstrapClassOrNull(name);
            }
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {}
        // 如果还是未加载,则交给重写的 findClass() 进行加载,这个也就是自定义加载实现
        if (c == null) {
            // If still not found, then invoke findClass in order
            // to find the class.
            long t1 = System.nanoTime();
            c = findClass(name);
            sun.misc.PerfCounter.getParentDelegationTime().addTime(t1 - t0);
            sun.misc.PerfCounter.getFindClassTime().addElapsedTimeFrom(t1);
            sun.misc.PerfCounter.getFindClasses().increment();
        }
    }
    if (resolve) {
        resolveClass(c);
    }
        return c;
    }
}

instanceKlassHandle SystemDictionary::load_instance_class(Symbol* class_name, Handle class_loader, TRAPS) {
  instanceKlassHandle nh = instanceKlassHandle(); // null Handle
  // 默认的加载方式
  if (class_loader.is_null()) {
    // 省略
      // 使用引导类加载器进行类加载
    if (k.is_null()) {
      // Use VM class loader
      PerfTraceTime vmtimer(ClassLoader::perf_sys_classload_time());
      k = ClassLoader::load_classfile(class_name, CHECK_(nh));
    }
    // 将 Klass实例添加到字典中
    if (!k.is_null()) {
      k = find_or_define_instance_class(class_name, class_loader, k, CHECK_(nh));
    }
    return k;
  }
  // 使用指定的类加载器加载，最终会调用java.lang.ClassLoader类中的loadClass()方法执行类加载
  else {
    // 省略
    return nh;
  }
}

instanceKlassHandle ClassLoader::load_classfile(Symbol* h_name, TRAPS) {
  ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
    // 获取类名
  const char* class_name = h_name->as_C_string();
  EventMark m("loading class %s", class_name);
  ThreadProfilerMark tpm(ThreadProfilerMark::classLoaderRegion);
  stringStream st;
  // st.print() uses too much stack space while handling a StackOverflowError
  // st.print("%s.class", h_name->as_utf8());
  st.print_raw(h_name->as_utf8());
  st.print_raw(".class");
  const char* file_name = st.as_string();
  ClassLoaderExt::Context context(class_name, file_name, THREAD);
  // Lookup stream for parsing .class file
    // ClassFileStream表示Class文件的字节流
  ClassFileStream* stream = NULL;
  int classpath_index = 0;
  ClassPathEntry* e = NULL;
  instanceKlassHandle h;
  {
    PerfClassTraceTime vmtimer(perf_sys_class_lookup_time(),
                               ((JavaThread*) THREAD)->get_thread_stat()->perf_timers_addr(),
                               PerfClassTraceTime::CLASS_LOAD);
      //从第一个ClassPathEntry开始遍历所有的ClassPathEntry,也就是从多个类路径下进行查找
    e = _first_entry;
    while (e != NULL) {
      stream = e->open_stream(file_name, CHECK_NULL);
        // 如果检查返回false则返回null，check()函数默认返回true
      if (!context.check(stream, classpath_index)) {
        return h; // NULL
      }
        // 如果找到目标文件则跳出循环
      if (stream != NULL) {
        break;
      }
      e = e->next();
      ++classpath_index;
    }
  }
    //如果找到了目标Class文件
  if (stream != NULL) {
    // class file found, parse it
      // 构建一个ClassFileParser实例用于 parse 解析
    ClassFileParser parser(stream);
      // 构建一个ClassLoaderData实例
    ClassLoaderData* loader_data = ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data();
    Handle protection_domain;
    TempNewSymbol parsed_name = NULL;
      // 解析并加载class文件，注意此时并未开始链接
    instanceKlassHandle result = parser.parseClassFile(h_name,
                                                       loader_data,
                                                       protection_domain,
                                                       parsed_name,
                                                       context.should_verify(classpath_index),
                                                       THREAD);
    if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
      ResourceMark rm;
      if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
        tty->print_cr("Preload Error: Failed to load %s", class_name);
      }
      return h;
    }
      // 调用ClassLoader的add_package函数，把当前类的包名加入到_package_hash_table中,防止重复加载
    h = context.record_result(classpath_index, e, result, THREAD);
  } else {
    if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
      tty->print_cr("Preload Warning: Cannot find %s", class_name);
    }
  }
  return h;
}