【yum】yum使用

修改YUM源

修改成阿里源

cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.bak
wget -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CenOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
yum clean all
yum makecache

阿里源中的内容

# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the 
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
 
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#released updates 
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

yum命令

yum选项

常用命令

显示已经安装的软件包

yum list installed

显示可以安装的软件包

yum list java

卸载安装包

yum remove java

列出包的依赖

yum deplist java

显示包的概要信息

yum info curl

如何下载一个包的所有依赖

安装一个包的时候，包可能会有依赖，如何把这些依赖保存下来，可以用如下命令，这个命令只会下载依赖，不会安装

yum install --downloadonly --downloaddir=/opt/wget_dir wget

如果环境上已经安装了表，上述命令会下载不下来，更换命令如下:

yum reinstall --downloadonly --downloaddir=/opt/wget_dir wget

依赖下载好之后再进行安装

rpm -ivh *.rpm
rpm -Uvh update/*.rpm

参考资料

• 提取yum安装的rpm软件包
  https://blog.csdn.net/a407931774/article/details/112972166
• 离线环境安装包
  https://www.cnblogs.com/wangbaobao/p/6674272.html
• 163镜像
  http://mirrors.163.com/.help/centos.html
• 配置yum源
  https://www.cnblogs.com/renpingsheng/p/7845096.html
• Yum 安装、卸载软件
  https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43025071/article/details/108464547
• 阿里源
  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/