本文详细介绍如何从零开始搭建Spring MVC项目，包括配置Maven、设置web.xml、编写控制器及部署等步骤，并通过示例展示了核心组件的配置方法。
1.新建module
第一步勾选Create from archetype可不勾选配置由系统自动生成配置，本章是介绍手动配置。
2.填写项目名
3.配置Maven
4.新建Module完成
5.引入依赖
在pom文件引入jar包，采用spring 4.3.20版本
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<groupId>com.project</groupId>
<artifactId>springMVC</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>4.3.20.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.3.20.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>4.3.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.20.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>4.3.20.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>4.3.20.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>4.3.20.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>4.3.20.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>4.3.20.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>4.3.20.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.20.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
6.配置web.xml文件
位置webapp–>WEB-INF–>web.xml
配置springMVC核心servlet，classPath为resources下的springMVC配置文件
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>//拦截请求
<!--局部初始化，指定配置文件的位置和名称-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springMVC.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
7.引入springMVC.xml文件配置
可采用第一种RequestMappingHandlerMapping和RequestMappingHandlerAdapter配置方法；或者采用第二种springMVC封装以上两种（RequestMappingHandlerMapping和RequestMappingHandlerAdapter）配置的命名空间 mvc:annotation-driven/，该配置支持部分注解，例如@DateTimeFormat、@Responsebody
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!--开启注解扫描-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.progect.controller"></context:component-scan>
<!--提供新的命名空间-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>//开启注解式驱动
<!--处理器映射器-->
<!--<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"></bean>-->
<!--处理器适配器-->
<!--<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"></bean>-->
<!--视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
8.开发控制器
位置：java–>com–>project–>controller–>UserController(包名不同地址不同)，方法返回页面逻辑名，根据springMVC配置的后缀，返回的页面为index.jsp
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/User")
public class UserController {
@GetMapping("/findAll")
public String findAll(){
System.out.println("hello Users");
return "index";//返回页面逻辑名
}
}
9.部署服务器
第一步：添加tomcat
第二步：配置tomcat和jre，端口号默认8080，如有冲突可修改
第三步：添加Artifact，war包用于正式部署；war_exploded文件夹用于测试部署，便于测试修改。将Applicationtentext原来为“/war_exploded”改成“/”，区别在于访问地址时端口号后面接“/war_exploded”或者“/”。
10.编辑index.jsp文件（控制器中的页面逻辑名：index）
随意编写
<html>
<body>
<p>hello world!!!</p>
</body>
</html>
11.访问地址：http://localhost:8080/User/findAll 完成
扫一扫
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
