python matplotlib 画图_python matalilb柱状图-CSDN博客

https://www.jianshu.com/p/b4881b4f7986

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

x = np.linspace(0,10,100)
y = np.sin(x)
z = np.cos(x**2)
plt.plot(x,y,"r-",label="$sin(x)$",linewidth=2)
plt.plot(x,z,"b--",label="$con(x**2)$")
plt.xlabel("Times(s)")
plt.ylabel("Volt")
plt.legend()
plt.show()

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
N =10
x = np.random.rand(N)
y = np.random.rand(N)
#设置散点的大小随机
size = (30*np.random.rand(N))**2
#设置颜色随机
color=np.random.rand(N) 
plt.scatter(x,y,s=size,c=color,alpha=0.4,marker="^") #alpha 设置透明度
plt.show()

柱状图

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
y = [1,5,0,6,7,8]
name_list =['mon','tus','fri','sun','ths','win']
plt.bar(range(len(y)),y,color='r',tick_label=name_list,label="boys")
#产生堆叠的效果 bottom
plt.bar(range(len(y)),y,color='c',tick_label=name_list,bottom = y,label="gir")
plt.legend()
plt.show()

并列的柱状图

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
y1 = [1,5,0,6,7,8]
name_list =['mon','tus','fri','sun','ths','win']
y2 = [0,4,3,2,3,5]
num_list = list(range(len(y1)))
#设置两个并列的柱状图
total_width = 0.8
n=2
width = total_width/n
plt.bar(num_list,y1,width=width,label = 'boys')
#增加x轴的值
for i in range(len(num_list)):
    num_list[i]=num_list[i]+width;
plt.bar(num_list,y2,width=width,label = 'girl')
plt.show()

饼状图

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei'] #用来正常显示中文标签
labels =['A','B','C','D']
sizes = [10,20,30,40]
#用来设置其中的一个模块距离中心的距离
explode = (0,0.2,0,0)
colors = ['r','g','b','c']
#autopct将数据显示成百分比的形式
plt.pie(sizes,labels = labels,explode = explode,colors = colors,autopct ='%1.2f%%')
plt.title('简单饼状图')
plt.legend(loc='best')
plt.show()

雷达图

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
#注意要想链接起来 第一个与最后一个的数据必须一样
thert = np.array([0.25,0.5,0.75,1,1.25,1.5,1.75,2,0.25]) 
r = [75,60,50,70,50,85,45,70,75]
label=['a','b','c','d','e','f','g','l']
plt.polar(thert*np.pi,r,'ro--',lw=2) #提供一个极坐标的库
plt.ylim(0,100) #限制半径的大小
#将圆形进行等分
angle = np.linspace(0,2*np.pi,9,endpoint=False)
#设置标签名
#plt.thetagrids(thert*180/np.pi,label,fontproperties='Simhei')
#填充
plt.fill(thert*np.pi,r,facecolor='r',alpha =0.5)
plt.show()

三维图

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import matplotlib as mpl
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
#初始化一个对象
fig = plt.figure()
#指定三维属性
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')

#测试数据
theta = np.linspace(-4*np.pi,4*np.pi,100)
z = np.linspace(-4,4,100)*0.3
r = z**4+1
x = r*np.sin(theta)
y = r*np.cos(theta)
ax.plot(x,y,z,'b^-',label = '3D picture')
#设置图例
mpl.rcParams['legend.fontsize']=10
ax.legend()
plt.show()