Django Rest Framework：视图与视图集详解-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_39787513/article/details/112723317

本文详细介绍了Django Rest Framework（DRF）中的视图概念，从APIview到GenericApiView，再到Mixin和三级视图的使用。通过示例代码展示了如何操作数据库中的书籍和作者数据，简化接口的实现。最后，讲解了视图集ModelViewSet的运用，解决了在一个类中同时处理多个HTTP方法的问题，并提供了相应的测试案例。

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drf:视图

一、GenericApiView
- 1、APIview(一级视图)
- 2、GenericApiView(二级视图)
二、Mixin
三、三级视图
四、视图集

一、GenericApiView

django-rest-framework官方文档地址：https://www.django-rest-framework.org/

1、APIview(一级视图)

为了方便测试，我们先定义两张表，一张为书籍表，一张为作者表，书籍和作者通过id来关联

我们先来看一段基本的APIview代码：

序列化器：

from rest_framework.serializers import ModelSerializer
from rest_framework import serializers
from .models import BookMessage,Author

class AuthorSerializer(ModelSerializer):
	class Meta:
		model = Author
		fields = "__all__"
class BookSerializer(ModelSerializer):
	# author = serializers.StringRelatedField(read_only=True)
	author = serializers.StringRelatedField(read_only=True)
	class Meta:
		model = BookMessage
		fields = ["title","author","price","date"]
		extra_kwargs = {
   
   
			"date":{
   
   "write_only":True},
		}

	def create(self, validated_data):
		aid = self.context['id']
		validated_data["author_id"] = aid
		print(validated_data)
		data = BookMessage.objects.create(**validated_data)
		return data

	def update(self, instance, validated_data):
		aid = self.context["id"]
		validated_data["author_id"] = aid
		instance.title = validated_data.get("title")
		instance.price = validated_data.get("price")
		instance.date = validated_data.get("date")
		instance.author_id = aid
		instance.save()
		return instance

为了实现取数据时显示作者名称，数据库写入数据时以id形式写入，故序列化器中重写了post及put方式中的save方法。

views.py

from django.shortcuts import render
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from .models import BookMessage
from rest_framework import status
from .serializer import BookSerializer

# Create your views here.

class BookOperation(APIView):
	def get(self,