Nacos下载与安装,及其入门使用

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-25 16:21:20 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-06-25 16:21:20 发布

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分类专栏： Nacos 文章标签： java spring zookeeper

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_40777074/article/details/106795683

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本文介绍了Nacos的下载、安装过程，以及如何在Java Spring环境中配置和使用Nacos进行服务注册与发现。通过创建两个服务模块9001和9002，并设置负载均衡，最后创建客户端83模块实现服务的远程调用。

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1.Nacos托管于github上!
https://nacos.io/zh-cn/

2.下载后解压,打开bin目录,在bin目录下打开startup.cmd

3.运行成功后直接访问http://localhost:8848/nacos
这时候本地的nacos服务就安装成功了!

4.编写业务模块()

建model(端口号设为9001)
改pom,引入nacos依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>Cloud2021</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.gaoyonglong</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-Nacos9001</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!--        抽取的两个模块之前公共的部分!-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.gaoyonglong</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
<!--        &lt;!&ndash;*******************-hystrix断路器*******************&ndash;&gt;-->
<!--        &lt;!&ndash; https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix &ndash;&gt;-->
<!--        <dependency>-->
<!--            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>-->
<!--            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>-->
<!--            &lt;!&ndash;            <version>2.2.3.RELEASE</version>&ndash;&gt;-->
<!--        </dependency>-->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-devtools -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

改yml

server:
  port: 9001
spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-nacos
  cloud: 
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848  #配置nacos地址
management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        exclude: '*'

主启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class NacosMain9001 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(NacosMain9001.class,args);
    }
}

业务类controller

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController {
    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @GetMapping("/payment/nacos/{id}")
    public String getPaymentById(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        return serverPort+",ID为:"+id;
    }
}

5.启动9001模块!然后打开nacos登陆就会发现已经注册到nacos中了!
http://localhost:8848/nacos

6.创建相同的9002服务模块!(和9001服务模块一样!)

7.创建消费者模块(客户端83模块)

建model
改pom(和服务模块的pom一样)
改yml(这个是重点)

server:
  port: 83
spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-order-consumer
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848

service-url:
  #消费者将要去翻翻微博的微服务名称,cloud-nacos就是在9001中的spring.application.name(微服务名)
  nacos-user-service: http://cloud-nacos

主启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class OrderNacosMain83 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosMain83.class,args);
    }
}

业务类

在config下创建restTemplate远程调用类(类名随便),并添加负载均衡的注解

@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced	//负载均衡注解
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

在controller下创建创建请求处理方法

@RestController
public class OrderPaymentController {
    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;
    @Value("${service-url.nacos-user-service}")
    private String serverURL;       //这个是在yml中写好的请求的地址服务名
    
    /**restTemplate.getForObject()若是post请求的话有三个参数(url,参数,返回类型)
    而,get请求的参数在url上!所以是两个参数就够了
    */
    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/{id}")
    public String getPaymentById(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        //getForObject方法有两个参数(转发到服务端哪个请求的地址,返回的地址)
        //url拼接后的结果为http://cloud-nacos/payment/nacos/1(cloud-nacos服务会轮询出一个localhost:9001或者9002的地址)
        return restTemplate.getForObject(serverURL+"/payment/nacos/"+id,String.class);
    }
}