享元模式

享元模式

内容参考 w3cschool

分类：结构性设计模式

应用：缓冲池

这也是类似于二手车改装更换零件之后，继续使用，直至n手车。非常节约成本

目录

享元模式

UML类图

创建形状接口

创建形状实体类

创建图形工厂

测试运行

UML类图

创建形状接口

Shape

public interface Shape {
    /**
     * 绘制图形
     */
    void draw();
}

创建形状实体类

Circle

public class Circle implements Shape{

    private String color;
    private int x;
    private int y;
    private int radius;

    public Circle(String color) {
        this.color = color;
    }

    public void setX(int x) {
        this.x = x;
    }

    public void setY(int y) {
        this.y = y;
    }

    public void setRadius(int radius) {
        this.radius = radius;
    }

    @Override
    public void draw() {
        System.out.printf("[Circle<%s>] Draw Color: %10s position:(%3d,%3d) radius:%d\n",this,color,x,y,radius);
    }
}

Square

public class Square implements Shape{
    private String color;
    private int width;
    private int height;
    private int x;
    private int y;

    public Square(String color) {
        this.color = color;
    }

    public void setWidth(int width) {
        this.width = width;
    }

    public void setHeight(int height) {
        this.height = height;
    }

    public void setX(int x) {
        this.x = x;
    }

    public void setY(int y) {
        this.y = y;
    }

    @Override
    public void draw() {
        System.out.printf("[Square<%s>] Draw Color: %10s position:(%3d,%3d) width*height:%3d*%3d\n",this,color,x,y,width,height);
    }
}

创建图形工厂

ShapeFactory

public class ShapeFactory {
    private static final HashMap<String,Shape> circleMap = new HashMap<>();
    private static final HashMap<String,Shape> squareMap = new HashMap<>();

    public static Shape getCircle(String color){
        Circle circle = (Circle) circleMap.get(color);
        if (circle == null){
            circle = new Circle(color);
            circleMap.put(color,circle);
            System.out.printf("Creating %10s Circle\n",color);
        }
        return circle;
    }

    public static Shape getSquare(String color){
        Square square = (Square) squareMap.get(color);
        if (square == null){
            square = new Square(color);
            squareMap.put(color,square);
            System.out.printf("Creating %10s Square\n",color);
        }
        return square;
    }
}

测试运行

public class ExecuteMain {
    public static final String[] colors = {"Red","Blue","Green"};
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        for (int i = 0;i<10;i++){
            Circle circle = (Circle) ShapeFactory.getCircle(getRandomColor());
            circle.setX(getRandomNum(100));
            circle.setY(getRandomNum(100));
            circle.setRadius(getRandomNum(10)+5);
            circle.draw();
        }
        System.out.println();

        for (int i = 0;i<10;i++){
            Square square = (Square) ShapeFactory.getSquare(getRandomColor());
            square.setWidth(getRandomNum(100)+20);
            square.setHeight(getRandomNum(60)+10);
            square.setX(getRandomNum(100));
            square.setY(getRandomNum(100));
            square.draw();
        }
    }
    public static String getRandomColor(){
        return colors[(int) (Math.random()*colors.length)];
    }
    public static int getRandomNum(int num){
        return (int) (Math.random()*num);
    }

}

Creating      Green Circle
[Circle<cn.dcpnet.flyweight.Circle@7ea987ac>] Draw Color:      Green position:( 75, 67) radius:7
Creating       Blue Circle
[Circle<cn.dcpnet.flyweight.Circle@12a3a380>] Draw Color:       Blue position:( 14,  8) radius:11
Creating        Red Circle
[Circle<cn.dcpnet.flyweight.Circle@29453f44>] Draw Color:        Red position:( 52,  0) radius:5
[Circle<cn.dcpnet.flyweight.Circle@29453f44>] Draw Color:        Red position:( 54, 25) radius:8
[Circle<cn.dcpnet.flyweight.Circle@7ea987ac>] Draw Color:      Green position:( 64, 70) radius:8
[Circle<cn.dcpnet.flyweight.Circle@12a3a380>] Draw Color:       Blue position:( 96, 25) radius:6
[Circle<cn.dcpnet.flyweight.Circle@12a3a380>] Draw Color:       Blue position:( 27, 14) radius:8
[Circle<cn.dcpnet.flyweight.Circle@7ea987ac>] Draw Color:      Green position:( 24, 97) radius:7
[Circle<cn.dcpnet.flyweight.Circle@29453f44>] Draw Color:        Red position:(  4, 41) radius:12
[Circle<cn.dcpnet.flyweight.Circle@7ea987ac>] Draw Color:      Green position:( 16,  9) radius:14

Creating      Green Square
[Square<cn.dcpnet.flyweight.Square@5cad8086>] Draw Color:      Green position:(  6, 86) width*height: 86* 36
Creating        Red Square
[Square<cn.dcpnet.flyweight.Square@6e0be858>] Draw Color:        Red position:( 46, 53) width*height: 51* 58
[Square<cn.dcpnet.flyweight.Square@6e0be858>] Draw Color:        Red position:( 19, 85) width*height:110* 52
Creating       Blue Square
[Square<cn.dcpnet.flyweight.Square@61bbe9ba>] Draw Color:       Blue position:( 28,  1) width*height: 75* 54
[Square<cn.dcpnet.flyweight.Square@6e0be858>] Draw Color:        Red position:( 65, 79) width*height: 88* 13
[Square<cn.dcpnet.flyweight.Square@61bbe9ba>] Draw Color:       Blue position:( 77, 68) width*height: 93* 52
[Square<cn.dcpnet.flyweight.Square@5cad8086>] Draw Color:      Green position:( 84, 32) width*height: 59* 42
[Square<cn.dcpnet.flyweight.Square@6e0be858>] Draw Color:        Red position:( 73, 67) width*height: 97* 36
[Square<cn.dcpnet.flyweight.Square@5cad8086>] Draw Color:      Green position:( 69, 59) width*height:106* 49
[Square<cn.dcpnet.flyweight.Square@5cad8086>] Draw Color:      Green position:( 98, 82) width*height:102* 15

Process finished with exit code 0

可以看出，同一个颜色的 圆形/矩形 对象一直再被重用，只是属性被改变了，这样节省了大量的空间。