android端与SSM搭建的后台端通信

最新推荐文章于 2024-02-29 17:53:55 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2024-02-29 17:53:55 发布 · 1.9k 阅读

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文章标签：

#mybatis #spring #java #android #intellij idea

本文分享了作者使用SSM框架搭建后端服务并结合Android客户端进行数据交互的全过程，包括项目配置、代码实现及运行测试。

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近期在捣鼓后端和Android端的问题，也算解决了自己毕设的难题。学习了两周，也算对ssm框架有所了解了，今天测试了一下，跑成功了。特此来分享记录一下。
先上代码。

服务器端：

我是用idea创建web项目，如图所示
我是用idea来创建一个web项目
创建完成之后，如图所示。
在这里插入图片描述
有些同学创建完成之后，可能没有tomcat，因为我之前配置过，所以就有了。大家可以自行下载tomcat，安装好之后。接下来就是在web项目里设置。
点击Edit configurations

再点击templates,找到如图所示的地方

点击Local，出现以下界面，再点击Configure
在这里插入图片描述
找到自己安装tomcat的位置。

选择tomcat

选择好之后，就开始配置以下东西，选择Deployment，点击右边的加号，选择Artifact

选择好之后，就会出现以下界面。再点击右边的小笔

再点击加号

选择Driectory Content
在这里插入图片描述
选择本地tomcat的webapps目录就好。这样就完成了配置工作。
看看是否出现了tomcat,如果有就配置好了

接下来需要导入jar包，在WEB-INF目录下建立一个lib文件夹，添加如图所示jar包。

在这里插入图片描述
没有jar包的可以私信我，哈哈哈哈哈哈，以后再加上链接。

然后导入jar包，与此同时，在以下界面会出现fix，点击就好，直到他没有出现。
点击
在这里插入图片描述
进入以下界面

需要创建conf文件夹然后把配置文件都放入里面，目录结构如图所示

带叶子的配置文件时spring框架专有的配置文件，如图创建

然后配置web.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>

    <!--spring编码过滤器-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!--请求方式处理-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!--springMVC核心控制器-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springMVC.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!--配置spring监听器-->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <!--自定义spring配置文件的位置和名称-->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
</web-app>

再配置spring.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <!--扫描组件-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.tang">
        <!--排除控制层,因为springMVC已经扫描过了-->
        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>

    <!--加载资源文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>

    <!--数据源-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--声明事务管理器-->
    <bean id="dataSourceTransactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--开启事务注解驱动-->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="dataSourceTransactionManager"/>

    <!--管理mybatis操作数据库的会话对象-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!--设置mybatis核心配置文件的路径-->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"></property>
        <!--设置数据源-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
        <!--设置类型别名-->
        <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.tang.bean"></property>
        <!--设置映射文件的路径-->
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/tang/mapper/*.xml"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--管理mapper接口，将所有的接口生成动态代理实现类，并由spring容器管理-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.tang.mapper"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

再配置springMVC.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!--扫描控制层组件-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.tang.controller"></context:component-scan>

    <!--配置视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--默认的servlet-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

    <!--MVC驱动-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>

再配置mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
 PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
 "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
 
 
 
<configuration>

	<settings>
		<!-- 将下划线映射成驼峰，user_name映射为userName -->
		<setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true"/>
		<!-- 开启延迟加载 -->
		<setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true"/>
		<!-- 是否查询所有数据 -->
		<setting name="aggressiveLazyLoading" value="false"/>
		<!-- 是否开启二级缓存 -->
		<setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>
	</settings>
	

</configuration>

配置log4j.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE log4j:configuration SYSTEM "log4j.dtd">
 
<log4j:configuration>
 <appender name="STDOUT" class="org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender">
   <param name="Encoding" value="UTF-8" />
   <layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">
    <param name="ConversionPattern" value="%-5p %d{MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS} %m  (%F:%L) \n" />
   </layout>
 </appender>
 <logger name="java.sql">
   <level value="debug" />
 </logger>
 <logger name="org.apache.ibatis">
   <level value="info" />
 </logger>
 <root>
   <level value="debug" />
   <appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
 </root>
</log4j:configuration>

配置jdbc.properties

jdbc.driver = com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?serverTimezone = UTC
jdbc.username = root
jdbc.password = 123456

UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
 PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
 "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
 
<mapper namespace="com.tang.mapper.UserMapper">

<!--  User getUserById(String id) 根据用户id获取用户信息-->
	<select id="getUserById" resultType="User">
		select * from user where id = #{id}
	</select>

</mapper>

然后开始写实现代码。

目录结构，如图所示。
在这里插入图片描述
User

package com.tang.bean;

/**
 * @author LindaBlack
 */

public class User {
    private Integer id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String email;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                ", email='" + email + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }
}

UserController

package com.tang.controller;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.util.JSONPObject;
import com.tang.bean.User;
import com.tang.service.UserService;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

/**
 * @author LindaBlack
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/User")
public class UserController {

    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/getUser", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public void getUserById(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, String id) {

        System.out.println(id);
        //获取用户id
        User user = userService.getUserById(id);

        response.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");

        PrintWriter writer = null;
        JSONObject json = new JSONObject();
        try {
            writer = response.getWriter();
            if (user != null) {
                json.put("userInfo", user);
                writer.write(json.toString());
                System.out.println("用户信息："+user);
            } else {
                json.put("userInfo",null);
                System.out.println("用户信息为空");
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            writer.close();
        }

    }
}

UserMapper

package com.tang.mapper;

import com.tang.bean.User;

/**
 * @author LindaBlack
 */
public interface UserMapper {

    /**
     *  根据id获取用户信息
     * @param id 用户id
     * @return User
     */

    User getUserById(String id);

}

UserService

package com.tang.service;


import com.tang.bean.User;

/**
 * @author LindaBlack
 */

public interface UserService {
    /**
     *通过用户id，获取用户信息
     * @param id 用户id
     * @return User
     */
    User getUserById(String id);
}

UserServiceImpl

package com.tang.service.impl;

import com.tang.bean.User;
import com.tang.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.tang.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
 * @author LindaBlack
 */
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    @Autowired
    private UserMapper mapper;

    @Override
    public User getUserById(String id) {

        return mapper.getUserById(id);
    }
}

客户端

login.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                new Thread(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        String userName = username.getText().toString();
                        String passWord = password.getText().toString();
                        StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
                        //后面是后台的项目名和请求响应的名字
                        String url = "http://192.168.0.101:8080/SSMDemo/User/getUser";
                        try {
                            //获取连接
                            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) new URL(url).openConnection();
                            //设置请求方式
                            connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
                            //设置读取超时
                            connection.setReadTimeout(8000);
                            //设置连接超时
                            connection.setConnectTimeout(8000);
                            //请求数据，测试用的id，所以这里是这么写的
                            String data = "id=" + userName;
                            //至少要设置的两个请求头
                            connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
                            connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length()));
                            connection.setDoOutput(true);
                            DataOutputStream dataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream());
                            dataOutputStream.writeBytes(data);
                            int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();
                         
                            if (responseCode == 200) {
                                InputStream inputStream = connection.getInputStream();
                                BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
                                String line;
                                while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                                    stringBuilder.append(line);
                                }
                                JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(stringBuilder.toString());
                                JSONObject object = jsonObject.getJSONObject("userInfo");
                                User user = new User();
                                user.setId(object.getInt("id"));
                                user.setUsername(object.getString("username"));
                                user.setPassword(object.getString("password"));
                                Log.d("请求数据", "run: " + user.getId() + "   " + user.getUsername() + "  " + user.getPassword());
                            } else {
                                Log.d("请求数据", "run: " + null);
                            }
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
                }).start();
            }
        });

User

package com.example.wordhub.model;

public class User {
    private Integer id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String email;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }
}

然后两个同时运行就可以了
高版本的Android会出现Cleartext HTTP traffic to XXXX not permitted这样的错误，需要在Application中添加android:usesCleartextTraffic=“true”
运行成功
在这里插入图片描述
同时还需要配置好数据库的，这里就不再一一说明了。如有问题请评论或者私信我。