python 中字典的应用实例代码

计数器应用：统计列表中元素的出现次数。

def count_elements(nums):
    count = {}
    for num in nums:
        count[num] = count.get(num, 0) + 1
    return count

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 2, 1, 3, 4, 5, 2, 1]
result = count_elements(numbers)
print(result)  # 输出：{1: 3, 2: 3, 3: 2, 4: 1, 5: 1}

单词频率统计：统计文本中每个单词的出现次数。

def word_frequency(text):
    words = text.split()
    frequency = {}
    for word in words:
        word = word.lower()
        frequency[word] = frequency.get(word, 0) + 1
    return frequency

text = "This is a test sentence. This is another sentence."

字母统计：统计字符串中每个字母的出现次数。

def letter_count(string):
    count = {}
    for char in string:
        if char.isalpha():
            char = char.lower()
            count[char] = count.get(char, 0) + 1
    return count

text = "Hello, World!"
result = letter_count(text)
print(result)  # 输出：{'h': 1, 'e': 1, 'l': 3, 'o': 2, 'w': 1, 'r': 1, 'd': 1}

合并两个字典：将两个字典合并为一个。

dict1 = {'a': 1, 'b': 2}
dict2 = {'b': 3, 'c': 4}
merged_dict = {**dict1, **dict2}
print(merged_dict)  # 输出：{'a': 1, 'b': 3, 'c': 4}

删除指定键：从字典中删除指定键。

student = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'major': 'Computer Science'}
del student['age']
print(student)  # 输出：{'name': 'Alice', 'major': 'Computer Science'}