Paths&Files

一.Paths

Path用来表示文件的路径
Paths是工具类，用来获取Path实例

.表示当前路径，..代表上一级路径

package com.guguo.test.pathandfiles;

import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;

public class Pathtest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //已知在D盘根目录下放了个2.txt
        Path path = Paths.get("1.txt");//相对路径
        Path path1 = Paths.get("D:\\2.txt");//绝对路径1
        Path path2 = Paths.get("D:/2.txt");//绝对路径2
        Path path3 = Paths.get("D:","2.txt");//绝对路径3
        //演示这个Paths支持.和..的功能
        Path path4 = Paths.get("D:\\idea_saved\\Springboot_jicheng\\article.xml\\..\\1.txt");
        System.out.println(path4.normalize());//D:\idea_saved\Springboot_jicheng\1.txt
    }
}

二.Files

1.基本方法

package com.guguo.test.pathandfiles;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;

public class FilesTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        //1.判断文件是否存在
        Path path = Paths.get("1.txt");
        System.out.println(Files.exists(path));
        //2.创建单级目录。如果目录已经存在会抛出异常。也不能一次创建多级目录,不然会报NoSuchFileException
        Path path2 = Paths.get("yahou/lalala");//此时会报错
        Files.createDirectory(path2);
        //3.创建多级目录
        Path path3 = Paths.get("yahou/lalala");
        Files.createDirectories(path3);
        //4.复制文件,如果希望用source覆盖掉target，那么加StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING
        Path source = Paths.get("1.txt");
        Path target = Paths.get("3.txt");
        Files.copy(source,target);//这个方法如果target文件存在会报错
        Files.copy(source,target, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);//这个方法，文件存在就没事。
        //5.移动文件
        Files.move(source,target, StandardCopyOption.ATOMIC_MOVE);//这个参数是保证移动文件的原子性
        //6.删除文件
        Path source1 = Paths.get("4.txt");
        Files.delete(source1);//如果文件不存在会报错NoSuchFileException
        //7.删除目录
        Path source2 = Paths.get("yahou/lalala");//如果目录下有内容会报错
        Files.delete(source2);
    }
}

2.遍历文件目录

package com.guguo.test.pathandfiles;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.*;
import java.nio.file.attribute.BasicFileAttributes;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
//遍历文件夹和目录下的文件
public class findFilesDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        AtomicInteger dirNumber = new AtomicInteger();
        AtomicInteger fileNumber = new AtomicInteger();
        Files.walkFileTree(Paths.get("D:\\idea_saved\\Springboot_jicheng"),new SimpleFileVisitor<Path>(){
            @Override
            public FileVisitResult preVisitDirectory(Path dir, BasicFileAttributes attrs) throws IOException {
                System.out.println("进入了一个目录=>"+dir);
                dirNumber.incrementAndGet();
                return super.preVisitDirectory(dir, attrs);
            }

            @Override
            public FileVisitResult visitFile(Path file, BasicFileAttributes attrs) throws IOException {
                System.out.println(file);
                fileNumber.incrementAndGet();
                return super.visitFile(file, attrs);
            }
        });
        System.out.println("文件夹数量是"+dirNumber);
        System.out.println("文件数量是"+fileNumber);
    }
}

3.删除多级目录

package com.guguo.test.pathandfiles;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.*;
import java.nio.file.attribute.BasicFileAttributes;

public class deleteFile {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Files.walkFileTree(Paths.get("D:\\idea_saved\\mybatisX_demo - 副本"),new SimpleFileVisitor<Path>(){
            @Override
            public FileVisitResult postVisitDirectory(Path dir, IOException exc) throws IOException {
                Files.delete(dir);
                return super.postVisitDirectory(dir, exc);
            }

            @Override
            public FileVisitResult visitFile(Path file, BasicFileAttributes attrs) throws IOException {
                Files.delete(file);
                return super.visitFile(file, attrs);
            }
        });

    }
}

4.复制多级目录

package com.guguo.test.pathandfiles;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.*;

public class copyFiles {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        String source="D:\\idea_saved\\copy_used";
        String target="D:\\idea_saved\\copy_used - 副本";

        Files.walk(Paths.get(source)).forEach(path -> {
            try {
                String targetName=path.toString().replace(source,target);
                if(Files.isDirectory(path)){//如果是目录那么创建目录
                    Files.createDirectory(Paths.get(targetName));
                }else if(Files.isRegularFile(path)){//如果是文件，打印文件
                    Files.copy(path,Paths.get(targetName));
                }

            }catch (IOException e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        });
    }
}