矢量分析:
1、矢量代数
矢量用坐标分量表示:A⃗=Axex⃗+Ayey⃗+Azez⃗\vec A=A_{x} \vec {e_{x}}+A_{y} \vec {e_{y}}+A_{z} \vec {e_{z}}A=Axex+Ayey+Azez
Ax=AcosαA_{x}=A\cos{\alpha}Ax=Acosα
Ay=AcosβA_{y}=A\cos{\beta}Ay=Acosβ
Az=AcosγA_{z}=A\cos{\gamma}Az=Acosγ
A⃗=A(ex⃗cosα+ey⃗cosβ+ez⃗cosγ)\vec A=A( \vec {e_{x}}\cos{\alpha}+\vec {e_{y}}\cos{\beta}+\vec {e_{z}}cos{\gamma})A=A(excosα+eycosβ+ezcosγ)
eA⃗=ex⃗cosα+ey⃗cosβ+ez⃗cosγ\vec {e_{A}}= \vec {e_{x}}\cos{\alpha}+\vec {e_{y}}\cos{\beta}+\vec {e_{z}}cos{\gamma}eA=excosα+eycosβ+ezcosγ
矢量的点积:A⃗⋅B⃗=ABcosθ=AxBx+AyBy+AzBz\vec A\cdot \vec B=AB\cos\theta=A_{x}B_{x}+A_{y}B_{y}+A_{z}B_{z}A⋅B=ABcosθ=AxBx+AyBy+A