鸿蒙跨设备AI绘画风格转换应用开发指南

于 2025-06-21 23:30:43 发布
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文章标签： HarmonyOS5 wpf ArkUI-X 物联网 ui HarmonyOSSDKAI
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_52190890/article/details/148818030

鸿蒙跨设备AI绘画风格转换应用开发指南

一、功能概述

本文将介绍如何基于HarmonyOS的AI能力开发一款支持多设备协同的AI绘画风格转换应用，主要功能包括：

  1. 拍摄或选择照片进行艺术风格转换（使用@ohos.ai.styleTransfer）
  2. 支持多种艺术风格（梵高、毕加索等）
  3. 跨设备同步转换结果和收藏作品
  4. 多设备协同创作

二、技术架构

graph TD
    A[主设备] -->|拍摄照片| B[风格转换]
    B --> C[分布式存储]
    C --> D[从设备1]
    C --> E[从设备2]
    D --> F[编辑/收藏]
    E --> F

三、核心代码实现

1. 风格转换服务

import styleTransfer from '@ohos.ai.styleTransfer';
import image from '@ohos.multimedia.image';

class StyleTransferService {
    private styleTransferEngine: styleTransfer.StyleTransferEngine;
    private styleModels: Map<string, ArrayBuffer> = new Map();
    
    async initialize() {
        try {
            // 初始化风格转换引擎
            this.styleTransferEngine = await styleTransfer.createStyleTransfer(getContext(this));
            
            // 预加载风格模型
            await this.loadStyleModels();
            console.info('风格转换服务初始化成功');
        } catch (err) {
            console.error(`风格转换服务初始化失败: ${err.code}, ${err.message}`);
        }
    }
    
    private async loadStyleModels() {
        const styles = ['vangogh', 'picasso', 'monet', 'hokusai'];
        
        for (const style of styles) {
            const modelPath = `resources/rawfile/${style}_model.bin`;
            const modelData = await this.loadResource(modelPath);
            this.styleModels.set(style, modelData);
        }
    }
    
    async transferStyle(imageUri: string, styleName: string): Promise<string> {
        if (!this.styleModels.has(styleName)) {
            throw new Error('不支持该艺术风格');
        }
        
        try {
            // 加载图像
            const imageSource = image.createImageSource(imageUri);
            const pixelMap = await imageSource.createPixelMap();
            
            // 设置风格模型
            const model = this.styleModels.get(styleName);
            await this.styleTransferEngine.setModel(model);
            
            // 执行风格转换
            const result = await this.styleTransferEngine.transfer(pixelMap);
            
            // 保存结果
            const outputUri = await this.saveResult(result);
            return outputUri;
        } catch (err) {
            console.error(`风格转换失败: ${err.code}, ${err.message}`);
            throw err;
        }
    }
    
    private async saveResult(pixelMap: image.PixelMap): Promise<string> {
        const imagePacker = image.createImagePacker();
        const options = {
            format: 'image/jpeg',
            quality: 90
        };
        
        const arrayBuffer = await imagePacker.packing(pixelMap, options);
        const outputPath = `internal://cache/${Date.now()}.jpg`;
        await fileIO.writeFile(outputPath, arrayBuffer);
        
        return outputPath;
    }
}

2. 分布式数据同步

import distributedData from '@ohos.data.distributedData';
import deviceManager from '@ohos.distributedDeviceManager';

class ArtworkSyncService {
    private kvManager: distributedData.KVManager;
    private kvStore: distributedData.KVStore;
    private deviceManager: deviceManager.DeviceManager;
    
    async initialize() {
        const config = {
            bundleName: 'com.example.aistyleart',
            userInfo: {
                userId: 'currentUser'
            }
        };
        
        try {
            // 初始化KV数据存储
            this.kvManager = distributedData.createKVManager(config);
            const options = {
                createIfMissing: true,
                encrypt: false,
                backup: false,
                autoSync: true,
                kvStoreType: distributedData.KVStoreType.SINGLE_VERSION
            };
            this.kvStore = await this.kvManager.getKVStore('artwork_data', options);
            
            // 初始化设备管理
            const DM_ABILITY_NAME = "com.example.art.DmAbility";
            this.deviceManager = deviceManager.createDeviceManager(DM_ABILITY_NAME);
            
            console.info('分布式同步服务初始化成功');
        } catch (err) {
            console.error(`分布式同步服务初始化失败: ${err.code}, ${err.message}`);
        }
    }
    
    async syncArtwork(artwork: Artwork): Promise<void> {
        const deviceId = this.deviceManager.getLocalDeviceInfo().deviceId;
        const artworkKey = `artwork_${Date.now()}_${deviceId}`;
        
        try {
            await this.kvStore.put(artworkKey, JSON.stringify(artwork));
            console.info('艺术作品同步成功');
        } catch (err) {
            console.error(`艺术作品同步失败: ${err.code}, ${err.message}`);
            throw err;
        }
    }
    
    subscribeArtworkUpdates(callback: (artwork: Artwork) => void): void {
        this.kvStore.on('dataChange', distributedData.SubscribeType.SUBSCRIBE_TYPE_ALL, (data) => {
            data.inserted.forEach(item => {
                if (item.key.startsWith('artwork_')) {
                    const artwork: Artwork = JSON.parse(item.value);
                    callback(artwork);
                }
            });
        });
    }
}

interface Artwork {
    id: string;
    originalUri: string;
    styledUri: string;
    style: string;
    timestamp: number;
    deviceId: string;
    thumbnailUri?: string;
}

3. 主界面实现 (ArkUI)

@Entry
@Component
struct StyleArtApp {
    @State currentImageUri: string = '';
    @State styledImageUri: string = '';
    @State selectedStyle: string = 'vangogh';
    @State artworks: Artwork[] = [];
    @State isProcessing: boolean = false;
    
    private styleService = new StyleTransferService();
    private syncService = new ArtworkSyncService();
    private cameraController = new CameraController();
    
    async aboutToAppear() {
        await this.styleService.initialize();
        await this.syncService.initialize();
        this.syncService.subscribeArtworkUpdates(this.handleNewArtwork.bind(this));
    }
    
    private handleNewArtwork(artwork: Artwork) {
        this.artworks = [...this.artworks, artwork];
    }
    
    async onTakePhoto() {
        try {
            this.isProcessing = true;
            const photo = await this.cameraController.takePicture();
            this.currentImageUri = photo.uri;
            
            // 生成缩略图用于快速同步
            const thumbnail = await this.generateThumbnail(photo.uri);
            
            // 执行风格转换
            this.styledImageUri = await this.styleService.transferStyle(
                this.currentImageUri, 
                this.selectedStyle
            );
            
            // 同步到其他设备
            const artwork: Artwork = {
                id: `${Date.now()}`,
                originalUri: this.currentImageUri,
                styledUri: this.styledImageUri,
                style: this.selectedStyle,
                timestamp: Date.now(),
                deviceId: deviceManager.getLocalDeviceInfo().deviceId,
                thumbnailUri: thumbnail
            };
            
            await this.syncService.syncArtwork(artwork);
        } catch (err) {
            console.error(`处理照片失败: ${err.message}`);
        } finally {
            this.isProcessing = false;
        }
    }
    
    build() {
        Column() {
            // 风格选择器
            Row() {
                ForEach(['vangogh', 'picasso', 'monet', 'hokusai'], (style) => {
                    Button(style.toUpperCase())
                        .backgroundColor(this.selectedStyle === style ? '#007DFF' : '#F1F1F1')
                        .onClick(() => { this.selectedStyle = style })
                        .margin(5)
                })
            }
            .padding(10)
            
            // 图片显示区域
            if (this.currentImageUri) {
                Stack() {
                    Image(this.styledImageUri || this.currentImageUri)
                        .width('100%')
                        .height(300)
                    
                    if (this.isProcessing) {
                        Progress()
                            .width(100)
                            .height(100)
                    }
                }
                .margin(10)
            } else {
                Image($r('app.media.default_art'))
                    .width('100%')
                    .height(300)
                    .margin(10)
            }
            
            // 控制按钮
            Row() {
                Button('拍照')
                    .onClick(() => this.onTakePhoto())
                    .width(120)
                
                Button('从相册选择')
                    .onClick(() => this.pickFromGallery())
                    .width(120)
                    .margin({ left: 20 })
            }
            .margin({ top: 20 })
            
            // 作品集
            Text('我的作品集')
                .fontSize(18)
                .margin({ top: 30, bottom: 10 })
            
            Grid() {
                ForEach(this.artworks, (item) => {
                    Column() {
                        Image(item.thumbnailUri || item.styledUri)
                            .width(80)
                            .height(80)
                            .borderRadius(8)
                        Text(item.style.toUpperCase())
                            .fontSize(12)
                    }
                    .margin(5)
                    .onClick(() => {
                        this.currentImageUri = item.originalUri;
                        this.styledImageUri = item.styledUri;
                        this.selectedStyle = item.style;
                    })
                })
            }
            .columnsTemplate('1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr')
            .margin(10)
        }
        .width('100%')
        .height('100%')
        .padding(10)
    }
}

4. 多设备协同创作

class CollaborativeArt {
    private syncService: ArtworkSyncService;
    private currentCollaborationId: string = '';
    
    async startCollaboration(style: string): Promise<string> {
        const collabId = `collab_${Date.now()}`;
        this.currentCollaborationId = collabId;
        
        const invitation = {
            id: collabId,
            initiator: deviceManager.getLocalDeviceInfo().deviceId,
            style: style,
            participants: [],
            timestamp: Date.now()
        };
        
        await this.syncService.kvStore.put(`collab_${collabId}`, JSON.stringify(invitation));
        return collabId;
    }
    
    async joinCollaboration(collabId: string): Promise<boolean> {
        try {
            const invitation = await this.syncService.kvStore.get(`collab_${collabId}`);
            if (invitation) {
                this.currentCollaborationId = collabId;
                
                // 更新参与者列表
                const inv = JSON.parse(invitation.toString());
                inv.participants.push(deviceManager.getLocalDeviceInfo().deviceId);
                await this.syncService.kvStore.put(`collab_${collabId}`, JSON.stringify(inv));
                
                return true;
            }
            return false;
        } catch (err) {
            console.error(`加入协作失败: ${err.message}`);
            return false;
        }
    }
    
    async submitArtwork(artwork: Artwork): Promise<void> {
        if (!this.currentCollaborationId) return;
        
        const collabKey = `collab_art_${this.currentCollaborationId}_${Date.now()}`;
        await this.syncService.kvStore.put(collabKey, JSON.stringify(artwork));
    }
    
    subscribeCollaboration(callback: (artwork: Artwork) => void): void {
        this.syncService.kvStore.on('dataChange', (data) => {
            data.inserted.forEach(item => {
                if (item.key.startsWith(`collab_art_${this.currentCollaborationId}`)) {
                    const artwork: Artwork = JSON.parse(item.value);
                    callback(artwork);
                }
            });
        });
    }
}

四、关键优化点

  1. ​​模型加载优化​​：

    // 按需加载风格模型
async getStyleModel(styleName: string): Promise<ArrayBuffer> {
    if (this.styleModels.has(styleName)) {
        return this.styleModels.get(styleName);
    }
    
    // 动态加载模型
    const modelPath = `resources/rawfile/${styleName}_model.bin`;
    const modelData = await this.loadResource(modelPath);
    this.styleModels.set(styleName, modelData);
    
    return modelData;
}

  2. ​​跨设备传输优化​​：

    // 使用缩略图快速预览
async generateThumbnail(imageUri: string): Promise<string> {
    const imageSource = image.createImageSource(imageUri);
    const pixelMap = await imageSource.createPixelMap();
    
    const imagePacker = image.createImagePacker();
    const options = {
        format: 'image/jpeg',
        quality: 50,
        size: { width: 200, height: 200 }
    };
    
    const arrayBuffer = await imagePacker.packing(pixelMap, options);
    const outputPath = `internal://cache/thumb_${Date.now()}.jpg`;
    await fileIO.writeFile(outputPath, arrayBuffer);
    
    return outputPath;
}

  3. ​​性能监控​​：

    // 根据设备性能调整处理参数
async getProcessingParams() {
    const devInfo = deviceManager.getLocalDeviceInfo();
    const isHighPerformance = devInfo.memory > 4 * 1024; // 4GB以上内存
    
    return {
        modelQuality: isHighPerformance ? 'high' : 'medium',
        imageSize: isHighPerformance ? 1024 : 512
    };
}

五、扩展功能实现

1. 风格混合创作

async blendStyles(imageUri: string, style1: string, style2: string, ratio: number): Promise<string> {
    // 加载两种风格模型
    const model1 = await this.getStyleModel(style1);
    const model2 = await this.getStyleModel(style2);
    
    // 设置混合模型
    await this.styleTransferEngine.setBlendedModel(model1, model2, ratio);
    
    // 执行转换
    const imageSource = image.createImageSource(imageUri);
    const pixelMap = await imageSource.createPixelMap();
    const result = await this.styleTransferEngine.transfer(pixelMap);
    
    return this.saveResult(result);
}

2. AR风格预览

import ar from '@ohos.ai.ar';

class ARStylePreview {
    private arEngine: ar.AREngine;
    
    async initialize() {
        this.arEngine = await ar.createAREngine(getContext(this));
        await this.arEngine.init();
    }
    
    async startPreview(cameraTexture: texture.Texture, style: string) {
        const model = await this.styleService.getStyleModel(style);
        await this.arEngine.setStyleModel(model);
        
        const config = {
            cameraTexture: cameraTexture,
            processingMode: ar.ProcessingMode.PERFORMANCE
        };
        await this.arEngine.startPreview(config);
    }
    
    async stopPreview() {
        await this.arEngine.stopPreview();
    }
}

六、测试验证方案

  1. ​​单元测试​​：

    describe('StyleTransferService Test', () => {
    let service: StyleTransferService;
    
    before(async () => {
        service = new StyleTransferService();
        await service.initialize();
    });
    
    it('should transfer style successfully', async () => {
        const testImage = await loadTestImage('test.jpg');
        const styledUri = await service.transferStyle(testImage, 'vangogh');
        expect(styledUri).not.toBeNull();
    });
});

  2. ​​跨设备测试​​：

    • 主设备转换后验证从设备是否收到作品
    • 模拟网络延迟测试同步稳定性
    • 多设备同时提交作品时的冲突处理测试

  3. ​​性能测试​​：

    it('should complete transfer under 3s', async () => {
    const start = Date.now();
    await service.transferStyle(testImage, 'picasso');
    const duration = Date.now() - start;
    expect(duration).toBeLessThan(3000);
});

七、总结

本文实现的跨设备AI绘画风格转换应用具有以下特点：

  1. ​​强大AI能力​​：利用@ohos.ai.styleTransfer实现专业级艺术风格转换
  2. ​​无缝协同​​：通过分布式数据服务实现多设备创作同步
  3. ​​性能优化​​：针对不同设备能力动态调整处理策略
  4. ​​扩展性强​​：支持风格混合、AR预览等高级功能

该方案可以轻松扩展为在线艺术社区、教育类应用等场景，展现了HarmonyOS分布式能力和AI技术的完美结合。开发者可以根据实际需求，集成更多艺术风格模型或增加社交分享功能。

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