作为前端经常需要模拟后台数据,我们称之为mock。通常的方式为自己搭建一个服务器,返回我们想要的数据。
项目中遇到的请求链接是类似这样子的:www.abc.com/user/login,而不是请求某个文件,如果采用PHP+Apache的方式就需要做路径重写,太麻烦。这里用的是nodejs搭建。
一般来说,请求的链接无非是http或者https的。但有个问题,本人用的mac电脑,在mac和Linux上是不允许绑定1024以下的端口号的。网上的建议是加sudo权限,但实际操作中,80端口可以绑定,443端口绑定失败,提示权限不足,即使我已经用了root账户。最后我是用端口转发(port forward)的方式解决的。
使用环境:
mac os 10.10.5
node v4.2.1
git version 1.9.5
使用node搭建http服务器:
var http = require("http"),
url = require("url");
function start() {
function onRequest(request, response) {
// 获取请求路径
var pathname = url.parse(request.url).pathname;
// 关闭nodejs 默认访问 favicon.ico
if (!pathname.indexOf('/favicon.ico')) {
return;
};
// 返回数据
response.writeHead(200, {"Content-type": "text/plain"});
// 路由
switch(pathname) {
case '/':
response.write('index');
break;
case '/user/login':
response.write(JSON.stringify({
'code': 200,
'msg': success
}));
break;
case '/user/logout':
response.write(JSON.stringify({
'code': 200,
'msg': success
}));
break;
default:
response.write('default');
break;
}
response.end();
}
http.createServer(onRequest).listen(8080);
console.log("Server has start!");
}
start();
使用node搭建https服务器
https服务器稍微复杂些,需要生成证书,当然这个证书在浏览器看来也是无效的,访问的时候需要添加信任。安装证书需要OpenSSL,这个可以通过安装git来安装,当然也可以自己去安装。
参考http://blog.fens.me/nodejs-https-server/
OpenSSL生成证书
#生成私钥key文件:
your_path > penssl genrsa -out privatekey.pem 1024
Generating RSA private key, 1024 bit long modulus
...........................++++++
........++++++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
#通过私钥生成CSR证书签名
your_path > openssl req -new -key privatekey.pem -out certrequest.csr
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:Beijing
Locality Name (eg, city) []:Beijing
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:fens.me
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:fens.me
Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []:Conan Zhang
Email Address []:bsspirit@gmail.com
Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:
An optional company name []:
# 通过私钥和证书签名生成证书文件
your_path > openssl x509 -req -in certrequest.csr -signkey privatekey.pem -out certificate.pem
Signature ok
subject=/C=CN/ST=Beijing/L=Beijing/O=fens.me/OU=fens.me/CN=Conan Zhang/emailAddress=bsspirit@gmail.com
根据证书创建https服务器
var https = require('https'),
url = require("url"),
fs = require("fs");
var options = {
key: fs.readFileSync('./privatekey.pem'),
cert: fs.readFileSync('./certificate.pem')
};
function onRequest(request, response) {
// 获取请求路径
var pathname = url.parse(request.url).pathname;
// 关闭nodejs 默认访问 favicon.ico
if (!pathname.indexOf('/favicon.ico')) {
return;
};
// 收到来自 pathname 的请求
console.log("Request for " + pathname + " received.");
// 返回数据
response.writeHead(200, {"Content-type": "text/json"});
response.write('hello world');
response.end();
}
https.createServer(options, onRequest).listen(8443, function () {
console.log('Https server listening on port ' + 8443);
});
端口转发(Port Forward)
刚才上面两个服务器监听的分别是8080和8443,而我们想要的是80和443。其实也可以直接绑定80和443,用sudo,但不知为何我的电脑加了sudo依旧绑定不了443,所以就找了另一个方法:端口转发。即绑定其他端口,但将80和443端口的请求转发到绑定的端口。
参考http://salferrarello.com/mac-pfctl-port-forwarding/
将以下代码贴进命令行执行
echo "
rdr pass inet proto tcp from any to any port 80 -> 127.0.0.1 port 8080
rdr pass inet proto tcp from any to any port 443 -> 127.0.0.1 port 8443
" | sudo pfctl -ef -
这段代码的意思是将80端口的请求转发到8080,将443端口的请求转发到8443。
执行完之后命令行会提示*** disabled,可以不必理会。
需要解除转发的话,在命令行贴以下代码:
sudo pfctl -F all -f /etc/pf.conf
查看当前所有转发规则:
sudo pfctl -s nat
最后的最后,别忘了将请求的地址绑定到本地。将以下添加进hosts:
127.0.0.1 www.abc.com
具体添加规则不作阐述了