mbedTLS中的握手建立操作

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-25 13:25:47 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-06-25 13:25:47 发布

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分类专栏： openssl C++/C

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u010144805/article/details/78743027

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本文详细解析了mbedtls库中的SSL握手过程，包括客户端和服务端的握手步骤，并展示了如何通过循环调用来完成整个握手流程。

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握手函数调用

while( ( ret = mbedtls_ssl_handshake( &ssl ) ) != 0 )
    {
        if( ret != MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_READ && ret != MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_WANT_WRITE )
        {
            mbedtls_printf( " failed\n  ! mbedtls_ssl_handshake returned -0x%x\n\n", -ret );
            goto exit;
        }
    }

循环进行握手操作，直到握手成功

/*
 * Perform the SSL handshake
 */
int mbedtls_ssl_handshake( mbedtls_ssl_context *ssl )
{
    int ret = 0;

    if( ssl == NULL || ssl->conf == NULL )
        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_BAD_INPUT_DATA );

    MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 2, ( "=> handshake" ) );

    while( ssl->state != MBEDTLS_SSL_HANDSHAKE_OVER )
    {
        ret = mbedtls_ssl_handshake_step( ssl );

        if( ret != 0 )
            break;
    }

    MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 2, ( "<= handshake" ) );

    return( ret );
}

一次握手

/*
 * Perform a single step of the SSL handshake
 */
int mbedtls_ssl_handshake_step( mbedtls_ssl_context *ssl )
{
    int ret = MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_FEATURE_UNAVAILABLE;

    if( ssl == NULL || ssl->conf == NULL )
        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_BAD_INPUT_DATA );

#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_CLI_C)
    if( ssl->conf->endpoint == MBEDTLS_SSL_IS_CLIENT )
        ret = mbedtls_ssl_handshake_client_step( ssl );
#endif
#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_SRV_C)
    if( ssl->conf->endpoint == MBEDTLS_SSL_IS_SERVER )
        ret = mbedtls_ssl_handshake_server_step( ssl );
#endif

    return( ret );
}

分为客户端的握手操作和服务端的握手操作

客户端的握手操作

/*
 * SSL handshake -- client side -- single step
 */
int mbedtls_ssl_handshake_client_step( mbedtls_ssl_context *ssl )
{
    int ret = 0;

    if( ssl->state == MBEDTLS_SSL_HANDSHAKE_OVER || ssl->handshake == NULL )
        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_BAD_INPUT_DATA );

    MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 2, ( "client state: %d", ssl->state ) );

    if( ( ret = mbedtls_ssl_flush_output( ssl ) ) != 0 )
        return( ret );

#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_DTLS)
    if( ssl->conf->transport == MBEDTLS_SSL_TRANSPORT_DATAGRAM &&
        ssl->handshake->retransmit_state == MBEDTLS_SSL_RETRANS_SENDING )
    {
        if( ( ret = mbedtls_ssl_resend( ssl ) ) != 0 )
            return( ret );
    }
#endif

    /* Change state now, so that it is right in mbedtls_ssl_read_record(), used
     * by DTLS for dropping out-of-sequence ChangeCipherSpec records */
#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_SESSION_TICKETS)
    if( ssl->state == MBEDTLS_SSL_SERVER_CHANGE_CIPHER_SPEC &&
        ssl->handshake->new_session_ticket != 0 )
    {
        ssl->state = MBEDTLS_SSL_SERVER_NEW_SESSION_TICKET;
    }
#endif

    switch( ssl->state )
    {
        case MBEDTLS_SSL_HELLO_REQUEST:
            ssl->state = MBEDTLS_SSL_CLIENT_HELLO;
            break;

       /*
        *  ==>   ClientHello
        */
       case MBEDTLS_SSL_CLIENT_HELLO:
           ret = ssl_write_client_hello( ssl );
           break;

       /*
        *  <==   ServerHello
        *        Certificate
        *      ( ServerKeyExchange  )
        *      ( CertificateRequest )
        *        ServerHelloDone
        */
       case MBEDTLS_SSL_SERVER_HELLO:
           ret = ssl_parse_server_hello( ssl );
           break;

       case MBEDTLS_SSL_SERVER_CERTIFICATE:
           ret = mbedtls_ssl_parse_certificate( ssl );
           break;

       case MBEDTLS_SSL_SERVER_KEY_EXCHANGE:
           ret = ssl_parse_server_key_exchange( ssl );
           break;

       case MBEDTLS_SSL_CERTIFICATE_REQUEST:
           ret = ssl_parse_certificate_request( ssl );
           break;

       case MBEDTLS_SSL_SERVER_HELLO_DONE:
           ret = ssl_parse_server_hello_done( ssl );
           break;

       /*
        *  ==> ( Certificate/Alert  )
        *        ClientKeyExchange
        *      ( CertificateVerify  )
        *        ChangeCipherSpec
        *        Finished
        */
       case MBEDTLS_SSL_CLIENT_CERTIFICATE:
           ret = mbedtls_ssl_write_certificate( ssl );
           break;

       case MBEDTLS_SSL_CLIENT_KEY_EXCHANGE:
           ret = ssl_write_client_key_exchange( ssl );
           break;

       case MBEDTLS_SSL_CERTIFICATE_VERIFY:
           ret = ssl_write_certificate_verify( ssl );
           break;

       case MBEDTLS_SSL_CLIENT_CHANGE_CIPHER_SPEC:
           ret = mbedtls_ssl_write_change_cipher_spec( ssl );
           break;

       case MBEDTLS_SSL_CLIENT_FINISHED:
           ret = mbedtls_ssl_write_finished( ssl );
           break;

       /*
        *  <==   ( NewSessionTicket )
        *        ChangeCipherSpec
        *        Finished
        */
#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_SESSION_TICKETS)
       case MBEDTLS_SSL_SERVER_NEW_SESSION_TICKET:
           ret = ssl_parse_new_session_ticket( ssl );
           break;
#endif

       case MBEDTLS_SSL_SERVER_CHANGE_CIPHER_SPEC:
           ret = mbedtls_ssl_parse_change_cipher_spec( ssl );
           break;

       case MBEDTLS_SSL_SERVER_FINISHED:
           ret = mbedtls_ssl_parse_finished( ssl );
           break;

       case MBEDTLS_SSL_FLUSH_BUFFERS:
           MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 2, ( "handshake: done" ) );
           ssl->state = MBEDTLS_SSL_HANDSHAKE_WRAPUP;
           break;

       case MBEDTLS_SSL_HANDSHAKE_WRAPUP:
           mbedtls_ssl_handshake_wrapup( ssl );
           break;

       default:
           MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "invalid state %d", ssl->state ) );
           return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
   }

    return( ret );
}

服务端的握手操作

/*
 * SSL handshake -- server side -- single step
 */
int mbedtls_ssl_handshake_server_step( mbedtls_ssl_context *ssl )
{
    int ret = 0;

    if( ssl->state == MBEDTLS_SSL_HANDSHAKE_OVER || ssl->handshake == NULL )
        return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_BAD_INPUT_DATA );

    MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 2, ( "server state: %d", ssl->state ) );

    if( ( ret = mbedtls_ssl_flush_output( ssl ) ) != 0 )
        return( ret );

#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_DTLS)
    if( ssl->conf->transport == MBEDTLS_SSL_TRANSPORT_DATAGRAM &&
        ssl->handshake->retransmit_state == MBEDTLS_SSL_RETRANS_SENDING )
    {
        if( ( ret = mbedtls_ssl_resend( ssl ) ) != 0 )
            return( ret );
    }
#endif

    switch( ssl->state )
    {
        case MBEDTLS_SSL_HELLO_REQUEST:
            ssl->state = MBEDTLS_SSL_CLIENT_HELLO;
            break;

        /*
         *  <==   ClientHello
         */
        case MBEDTLS_SSL_CLIENT_HELLO:
            ret = ssl_parse_client_hello( ssl );
            break;

#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_DTLS)
        case MBEDTLS_SSL_SERVER_HELLO_VERIFY_REQUEST_SENT:
            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_HELLO_VERIFY_REQUIRED );
#endif

        /*
         *  ==>   ServerHello
         *        Certificate
         *      ( ServerKeyExchange  )
         *      ( CertificateRequest )
         *        ServerHelloDone
         */
        case MBEDTLS_SSL_SERVER_HELLO:
            ret = ssl_write_server_hello( ssl );
            break;

        case MBEDTLS_SSL_SERVER_CERTIFICATE:
            ret = mbedtls_ssl_write_certificate( ssl );
            break;

        case MBEDTLS_SSL_SERVER_KEY_EXCHANGE:
            ret = ssl_write_server_key_exchange( ssl );
            break;

        case MBEDTLS_SSL_CERTIFICATE_REQUEST:
            ret = ssl_write_certificate_request( ssl );
            break;

        case MBEDTLS_SSL_SERVER_HELLO_DONE:
            ret = ssl_write_server_hello_done( ssl );
            break;

        /*
         *  <== ( Certificate/Alert  )
         *        ClientKeyExchange
         *      ( CertificateVerify  )
         *        ChangeCipherSpec
         *        Finished
         */
        case MBEDTLS_SSL_CLIENT_CERTIFICATE:
            ret = mbedtls_ssl_parse_certificate( ssl );
            break;

        case MBEDTLS_SSL_CLIENT_KEY_EXCHANGE:
            ret = ssl_parse_client_key_exchange( ssl );
            break;

        case MBEDTLS_SSL_CERTIFICATE_VERIFY:
            ret = ssl_parse_certificate_verify( ssl );
            break;

        case MBEDTLS_SSL_CLIENT_CHANGE_CIPHER_SPEC:
            ret = mbedtls_ssl_parse_change_cipher_spec( ssl );
            break;

        case MBEDTLS_SSL_CLIENT_FINISHED:
            ret = mbedtls_ssl_parse_finished( ssl );
            break;

        /*
         *  ==> ( NewSessionTicket )
         *        ChangeCipherSpec
         *        Finished
         */
        case MBEDTLS_SSL_SERVER_CHANGE_CIPHER_SPEC:
#if defined(MBEDTLS_SSL_SESSION_TICKETS)
            if( ssl->handshake->new_session_ticket != 0 )
                ret = ssl_write_new_session_ticket( ssl );
            else
#endif
                ret = mbedtls_ssl_write_change_cipher_spec( ssl );
            break;

        case MBEDTLS_SSL_SERVER_FINISHED:
            ret = mbedtls_ssl_write_finished( ssl );
            break;

        case MBEDTLS_SSL_FLUSH_BUFFERS:
            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 2, ( "handshake: done" ) );
            ssl->state = MBEDTLS_SSL_HANDSHAKE_WRAPUP;
            break;

        case MBEDTLS_SSL_HANDSHAKE_WRAPUP:
            mbedtls_ssl_handshake_wrapup( ssl );
            break;

        default:
            MBEDTLS_SSL_DEBUG_MSG( 1, ( "invalid state %d", ssl->state ) );
            return( MBEDTLS_ERR_SSL_BAD_INPUT_DATA );
    }

    return( ret );
}